名词性从句教案.docx
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名词性从句教案
名词性从句教案
Pointoutthefunctionofeachnouninthefollowingsentences:
1.Theworldlovesnature.(subject,object)
2.Knowledgeispower.(subject,predicative)
3.WeChinesearepeace-loving.(apposition)
名词性从句
名词性从句在功能上相当于名词名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
Hisjobisimportant.Whathedoesisimportant
Thisishisjob.Thisiswhathedoeseveryday
Idon’tlikehisjob。
Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.
Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.WhiteIdon’tknowaboutthefactthatheisMr.White.
Thattheearthisroundisright.
Iwanttoknowwhetherhecomesornot.
PayattentiontowhatIsaid.
Thereasonisthathewaslateforschool.
Thefactthathediedmadeussad.
如何判断从句的类别?
根据从句的位置判断。
①主语从句(从句位于动词前作主语)(it做形式主语放于句首,主从放句末)
②宾语从句(从句位于动词后或介词,adj作宾语)
③表语从句(从句位于系动词之后作表语)
④同位语从句(从句位于特殊的名词如idea,fact,news等后
补充说明前面的名词)
Ⅰ指出下列各名词性从句的种类
Atlunchtime,theradioweathermanreportedthatthemistwouldbecomeathickfogintheafternoon.
Shewonderedifthebuseswouldstillberunning.
Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar.
Whenwewillstartisnotclear.
Ihadnoideathatyouwereherfriend.
名词性从句中的连接词有:
连词:
that/whether/asif(though);
连接代词:
what/who/which/whose/
whatever/whoever/whomever
/whichever,
连接副词:
where/when/why/how
/wherever/whenever
Ⅱ句型转换(1.判断主句,从句2.看主句是否完整,不完整,则用从句补充,若完整则从句代替其中一个成分)
1.Theyaregooddoctors.Hetoldus.
Hetoldusthattheyweregooddoctors.
2.Hehadn’tsaidanythingatthemeeting.Thefactsurprisedus.
Thefactthathehadn’tsaidanythingatthemeetingsurprisedus.
总结:
当从句原来是陈述句时,变成名词性从句用that引导。
(that无意义,不做成分)
3.Doesyoursistergetupearly?
Doyouknow?
Doyouknowif/whetheryoursistergetsupearly?
4.Doanimalshavethesamesensesashumans?
Ioftenwonder.
Ioftenwonderif/whetheranimalshavethesamesensesashumans.
总结:
当从句原来是一般疑问句时,变成名词性从句用if或whether引导。
5.Whendidhebuythisnewbike?
Couldyoutellme?
Couldyoutellmewhenheboughtthisnewbike?
6.Myquestionisthis:
wherewillthelecturebegiven?
Myquestioniswherethelecturewillbegiven.
总结:
当从句原来是特殊疑问句时,变成名词性从句还用原来的特殊疑问词来引导。
总结:
名词性从句必须用陈述句语序。
另外,一般情况下,名词性从句均看作单数概念。
由what引导的一般看后面的表语。
宾语从句的时态一般与主句保持一致。
1.Whatweneedismoretime.
2.WhatweneedaremoreEnglishdictionaries.
Ⅲ改错
1.Thattheearthturnsaroundthesunareknowntoall.
2.Whenthemeetingwillbeheldhaven’tbeenknownyet.
3.Ididn’tknowthatyouwillcome.
4.Hesaidthatheiswritingastory.
5.Couldyoutellmewhenwillhearrive?
6.YoucanbegintoseewhydoesEnglishhavesuchstrangerules.
主语从句
连词(除了asif,because)
if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。
WhetherhewillcomeonWednesdayisnotcertain.不用if
it做形式主语(由连词whether,连接代词what,who,which和连接副词when,where,why,how等引导.也常常后置:
It’possible/important/necessary/clear…that……很可能/重要的是…/必要的是…/很清楚…
It’ssaid/reported…that..据说/据报道…
It’sannounced/declaredthat..已经通知/宣布…
Itseems/appears/happens..that…显然、明显、碰巧..
It’snowonderthat…并不奇怪/无疑…It’sapity/afact/acommonknowledge(众所周知)
/acommonsaying….(俗话说)
3.主语从句中,谓语动词一般用单数What引导的主语从句,可根据表语决定
Whatheneeds_is_thatbook.
Whatheneeds_are_somebooks
Whenandwherewemeethasn’tbeendecided.
Whenwemeetandwherewemeethaven’tbeendecided.
4主语从句的“that”不能省。
宾语从句
连词(除了asif,because)
由that引导的宾语从句(that通常可以省略)
Shetoldmethatshewouldacceptmyinvitation.
Iheardthatbejoinedthearmy.
Iamafraid(that)I’vemadeamistake.
注意:
that引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语:
anxious,aware,certain,confident,convinced,determined,glad,proud,surprised,worried,sorry,thankful,ashamed,disappointed,annoyed,pleased,hurt,satisfied,content等。
也可以将此类词后的that从句的看作原因状语从句。
但是:
Hetoldme(that)hewouldattendtheinternationalmathsOlympiccompetitionandthathewouldwinthegoldmedal.
2.Lilywantedtoknowif/whetherhergrandmalikedthehandbag.
Let’sseeif/whetherwecanfindoutsomeinformationaboutthatcity.
表“是否”时,在下列情况下用whether。
a.主语从句
b.表语从句
c.同位语从句
d.介词后的宾语从句
e.后接动词不定式(whethertodosth.)
f.whetherornot连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if
1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.
3.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.
4.Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.
5.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.
6.Idon’tknow_______togo.
3.时态.与主句相呼应:
如果主句是现在的时态(包括一般现在时,现在进行时,现在完成时),从句的时态可根据实际情况而定,(包括一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,现在完成时等)
Iknowheliveshere.
Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.
Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow
如果主句是过去的时态(包括一般过去时,过去进行时),那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时)
Iknewwholivedhere.
Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.
Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomeback
tomorrow.
Hesaidthathehadseenit.
当从句是客观真理,定义,公理,定理时用一般现在时。
Theteachersaidthatthesuntravelsaroundtheearth.
4it可以作为形式宾语think,believe,find,make,consider,feel
IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.
5否定的转移
若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,imagine等,其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上,从句谓语用肯定式。
例如:
Idon’tthinkhewillcome.
表语从句(可用asif,because)不用if
Thequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim.
That’sbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.
Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry.
That’swhyIwaslate.
That’swhy+结果
That’sbecause+原因
Heisill.That’swhyheisabsent.
Heisabsent.That’sbecauseheisill.
同位语从句(不用if,because,asif)
同位语从句对于名词进一步解释,说明名词的具体内容,一般由that引导
Hegavemeapromisethathewouldbuyanewcarforme.
Ihavenoideawhetherhewillcome.
That引导的同位语从句与定从的区别
Thefactthathesaidnothingsurprisedeveryonepresent.
Thefactthathesaissurprisedeveryonepresent.
(1)同位语从句--同位语从句和前面的名词是同位关系,对名词进行补充说明
定语从句--定从和前面的名词是所属关系,对名词进行修饰,加以限定
(2)同位语从句--that只起连接作用,不作任何成分
定语从句--that是关系代词,起连接作用和充当宾语和主语
名词性从句中连词选择“三步法”
“一分二划三看”
一、“一分”即分清从句类型
二、“二划”即划分出从句(用括号表示从句)
(1)(Thattheerathisround)istrue.(主语从句)
v
(2)Doyouknow(wherehelives)?
(宾语从句)
v
(3)Myopinionis(thatyoushouldnotgoalone).(表语从句)
v
(4)Idon’tliketheidea(thatmoneyiseverything).(同位语从句)
n
三、“三看”即看从句句意是否完整:
1、句意不完整→缺连接代词①人who,whoever(主语)
whom,whomever(宾语)
②物what,whatever(主语、宾语)
which,whichever(主语、宾语)
2、句意完整
(1)缺连接副词:
①时间:
when;②地点:
where,wherever;③原因:
why;④方式:
how。
(2)缺不作成份的连词①有含义:
if、wherther(是否);②无含义:
that