高级英语1修辞格汇总.docx

高级英语1修辞格汇总.docx

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高级英语1修辞格汇总

一、词语修辞格

（1）simile明喻

1...amemorythatseemedphonographic

2“Mama,”Wangerosaidsweetasabird.“canIhavetheseoldquilts?

”

3MostAmericanrememberM.T.asthefatherof...

4Hairisalloverhisheadafootlongandhangingfromhischinlikeakinkymuletail.

5Impressedwithhertheyworshipedthewell-turnedphrase,thecuteshape,thescaldinghumorthateruptedlikebubblesinlye.

6Myskinislikeanuncookedbarleypancake.

7Shegaspedlikeabeehadstungher.

（2）metaphor暗喻

1Itisavast,sombrecavernofaroom,…

2Littledonkeyswithharmoniouslytinklingbellsthreadtheirwayamongthethrongsofpeopleenteringandleavingthebazaar.

3Thedye-market,thepotterymarketandthecarpenters’marketlieelsewhereinthemazeofvaultedstreetswhichhoneycombthebazaar.A

4thelastthisintermezzocametoanend…

5…showingjustenoughofherthinbodyenvelopedinpinkskirtandredblouse…

6AfterItrippedoverittwoorthreetimeshetoldme…

7MarkTwain---MirrorofAmerica

8sawclearlyaheadablackwallofnight...

9mainarteryoftransportationintheyoungnation'sheart

10Allwouldresurfaceinhisbooks...thathesoakedup...

11Whenrailroadsbegandryingupthedemand...

12...theepidemicofgoldandsilverfever...

13Twainbegandigginghiswaytoregionalfame...

14MarkTwainhonedandexperimentedwithhisnewwritingmuscles...

15TheDuchessofCroydonkeptfirm,tightreinonherracingmind.

16Hervoicewasawhiplash.

17andlaunchthiscataractofhorrorsuponmankind…

18Butallthisfadesawaybeforethespectaclewhichisnowunfolding.

19IseetheGermanbombersandfightersinthesky,stillsmartingfrommanyaBritishwhipping,delightedtofindwhattheybelieveisaneasierandasaferprey.

20IseetheRussiansoldiersstandingonthethrestholdoftheirnativeland,guardingthefieldswhichtheirfathershavetilledfromtimeimmemorial.

21TheNaziregimeisdevoidofallthemeandprincipleexceptappetiteandracialdomination.

22Isupposetheywillberoundedupinhordes.

23Weshallfighthimbyland,weshallfighthimbysea,weshallfighthimintheair,until,withGod’shelp,wehaveridtheearthofhisshadowandliberateditspeoplesfromhisyoke.

（3）metonymy借代，转喻

1Inshort,allofthesepublicationsarewritteninthelanguagethattheThirdInternationaldescribes

2TheWashingtonPost,inaneditorialcaptioned"KeepYourOldWebster's"

3...hispenwouldprovemightierthanhispickaxe

（4）synecdoche提喻

1Thecasehaderuptedroundmyhead

2ThecasehaderuptedroundmyheadOrwhatofthosesheetsandjetsofairthatarenowbeingused,inplaceofold-fashionedoakandhinges...

3Butneitherhisvanitynorhispurseisanyconcernofthedictionary's

（5）personification拟人

1…untilyouroundacornerandseeafairylandofdancingflashes…

2Everyhereandthere,adoorwaygivesaglimpseofasunlitcourtyard,perhapsbeforeamosqueoracaravanserai,wherecamelsliedisdainfullychewingtheirhay…

3...toliterature'senduringgratitude...

4Thegraveworldsmilesasusual...

5Bitternessfedontheman...

6Americalaughedwithhim.

7Personaltragedyhauntedhisentirelife.

（6）transferredepithet移就

1Darrowhadwhisperedthrowingareassuringarmroundmyshoulder

2Theobesebodyshookinanappreciativechuckle.

3TwohighpointsofcolorappearedinthepalenessoftheDuchessofCroydon’scheeks.

4Ihavebeenexhilaratedbytwodaysofstorms,butaboveallIlovetheselongpurposelessdaysinwhichIshedallthatIhaveeverbeen.（V.Sackville-West,NoSignpostsintheSea）

（7）hyperbole夸张

1Theroadwayisabouttwelvefeetwide,butitisnarrowedeveryfewyardsbylittlestallswheregoodsofeveryconceivablekindaresold.

2Ifeelmywholefacewarmingfromtheheatwavesitthrowsout.

3IfHitlerinvadedHellandwouldmakeatleastafavorablereferencetotheDevilintheHouseofCommons.

4IseethetenthousandvillagesofRussiawherethemeansofexistenceiswrungsohardlyfromthesoil,butwheretherearestillprimordialhumanjoys,wheremaidenslaughandchildrenplay.

5...cruisethrougheternalboyhoodand...endlesssummeroffreedom...

6Thecastofcharacters...-acosmos.

7Americalaughedwithhim.

8Thetrialthatrockedtheworld

9HisreputationasanauthorityonScriptureisrecognizedthroughouttheworld."

（8）oxymoron矛盾修饰法

DudleyFieldMalenecalledmyconvictiona,"victoriousdefeat."

（9）euphemism委婉语

1…amotleybandofConfederateguerrillaswhodiligentlyavoidedcontactwiththeenemy.

2...men'sfinalreleasefromearthlystruggle

（10）irony--theuseofwordstoexpresssomethingdifferentfromandoftenoppositetotheirliteralmeaning.反语用词语表达与它们的字面意思相异或相反的用法

1Hiroshima—the“liveliest”cityinJapan

2“Maggie’sbrainislikeanelephant’s”.Wangerosaid,laughing.

3…untilwearemarchingbackwardstothegloriousageofthesixteenthcentury

（11）sarcasm--acutting,oftenironicremarkintendedtowound.讽刺，挖苦意在伤害他人的尖刻的，常带讽刺意味的话语

1Myfriendtheattorney-generalsaysthatJohnScopesknowswhatheisherefor,"Darrowdrawled."Iknowwhatheisherefor,too.Heisherebecauseignoranceandbigotry（顽固）are,anditisamightystrongcombination.

2Thereissomedoubtaboutthat.

3aconceptofhowthingsgetwrittenthatthrowsverylittlelightonLincolnbutagreatdealonLife

4thePost’seditorialfailstoexplainwhatiswrongwiththedefinition,wecanonlyinferfrom"sosimple"athingthatthewritertakestheplain,downright,man-in-the-streetattitudethatadoorisadoorandanydamnfoolknowsthat

（12）ridicule（嘲笑）Wordsoractionsintendedtoevokecontemptuouslaughteratorfeelingstowardapersonorthing愚弄有意激起对某人或某事的蔑视的笑或看不起的感情而说的话或做的事

1Bryan,ageingandpaunchy,wasassisted

2Resolutelyhestrodetothestand,carryingapalmfanlikeaswordtorepelhisenemies.

3Bryanmoppedhisbalddomeinsilence.

（13）pun双关

1DARWINISRIGHT–INSIDE.

2BenjaminFranklin:

“Ifwedon’thangtogether,weshallmostassuredlyhangseparately.”（PeterstoneandShermanEdwards.1776）如果我们不能紧密地团结在一起，那就必然分散地走上绞刑架。

（14）zeugma轭式搭配法theuseofawordtomodifyorgoverntwoormorewordsusu.insuchamannerthatitappliestoeachindifferentsenseormakessensewithonlyone

1-----TheissueofNewYorkTimes…hailtheSecondastheauthority…andtheThirdasascandal…

2Ship-ownersfearthatsavingjobsinBritain’sailingshipyardcomesbeforesavingitsmerchantfleet.（AndrewNeil.BritanniaRuestheWaves）船主们担心英国把在奄奄一息的造船厂中保证就业看得比拯救商船队更重要。

（15）allusion典故

Churchill,herevertedtothistheme,andIaskedwhetherforhim,thearchanti-communist,thiswasnotbowingdownintheHouseofRimmon.

（16）Litotes（doublenegative）（语轻意重法,间接肯定法）Anegativebeforeanotherwordtoindicateastrongaffirmativeintheoppositedirection.

Ihadnottheslightestdoubtwhereourdutyandourpolicylay.

Iwasnotalittleupset.

二、结构修辞格

（17）parallelism排比

1Wewillneverparley;wewillnevernegotiatewithHitleroranyofhisgang.Weshallfighthimbyland,weshallfighthimbysea,weshallfighthimintheair.

2Weshallfighthimbyland.Weshallfighthimbysea.Weshallfighthimintheair.

3behindallthisglarebehindallthisstorm

4IseetheRussiansoldiersstanding…Iseethemguarding...Iseethetenthousandvillages...Iseethatsmallgroup…

5thatisourpolicyandthatisourdeclaration

6Weshallbefortifiedandencouragedinourefforts.Weshallbestrengthenedandnotweakenedindeterminationandresources.

7Letuslearnthelessonsalreadytaughtbysuchcruelexperience.Letusredoubleourexertions…

（18）repetition重复

1Wehavebutoneaimandonesingle,irrevocablepurpose.

2Hehassolongthrivedandprospered.

3Wewillneverparley,wewillnevernegotiate...

4Fromthisnothingwillturnus---nothing.

（19）anticlimax反高潮

“Seldomhasacitygainedsuchworldrenown,andIamproudandhappytowelcomeyoutoHiroshima,atownknownthroughouttheworldforits-oysters”.

（20）antithesis对比

1AnymanorstatewhofightsonagainstNazidomwillhaveouraid.AnymanorstatewhomarcheswithHitlerisourfoe…

2"TheChristianbelievesthatmancamefromabove.Theevolutionistbelievesthathemusthavecomefrombelow

3...betweenwhatpeopleclaimtobeandwhattheyreallyare.

4...tookunholyverbalshotsattheHolyLand...

5...aworldwhichwilllamentthemadayandforgetthemforever

（21）rhetoricalquestion修辞疑问句

1WasInotatthesceneofthecrime?

2WhoeverknewaJohnsonwithaquicktongue?

Whocanevenimaginemelookingastrangewhitemanintheeye?

3Inwhatconceivablewaydoesourcarconcernyou?

（22）periodicsentence圆周句--Acomplexsentence,esp.oneconsistingofseveralclauses,constructedaspartofaformalspeechororationandthemostimportantpartisputattheendofthesentence.

Thepast,withitscrimes,itsfollies,anditstragedies,flashesaway.

三、音韵修辞格

（23）头韵法（alliteration）在文句中有两个以上连结在一起的词或词组，其开头的音节有同样的字母或声音，以增强语言的节奏感。

1…asthefastesttrainintheworldslippedtoastop...

2Ifeltsick,andeversincethentheyhavebeentestingandtreatingme.

3IseeadvancinguponallthisinhideousonslaughttheNaziwarmachine,withitsclanking,heel-clicking,dandifiedPrussianofficers,itcraftyexpertagentsfreshfromthecowingandtyingdownofadozencountries.

4...theslow,sleepy,sluggish-brainedslothsstayedathome

5...withadashanddaring...

6...arecklessnessofcostorconsequences...

7…justasthecauseofanyRussianfightingforhishearthandhomeisthecauseoffreemenandfreepeoplesineveryquarteroftheglobe.

8Isee