湖南省炎德英才杯学年高一英语下学期基础学科知识竞赛试题.docx

湖南省炎德英才杯学年高一英语下学期基础学科知识竞赛试题.docx

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湖南省炎德英才杯学年高一英语下学期基础学科知识竞赛试题

湖南省炎德英才杯2019-2020学年高一英语下学期基础学科知识竞赛试题

时量：

100分钟满分：

100分

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Highschoolismorethanjustattendingclassesandtryingtogetgoodgrades.Studentscantakefulladvantageoftheopportunitieshighschooloffersthemtoexploretheirinterestsandinteractwithfellowstudentsinactivitiesandclubs.

HonorSocieties

Forstudentswhodowellacademicallyorartistically,thereareorganizationsliketheNationalHonorSociety,NationalScienceHonorSocietyandNationalArtHonorSocietythatrewardstudentswhoseachievementsaresuperior.Studentswhodesiretobeapartofhighschoolhonorsocietiesarerequiredtohavegradepointaveragesofatleast3.0,ona4.0scale,andmayhavetogetnominated（提名）byteachersorrequestrecommendationletters.Whiletheseorganizationsfocusonscholarship,theyalsoteachmembersleadershipskillsandencouragecommunityservice.

SportsandAthleticsClubs

Whetherformallyjoiningasportsteamorsimplyparticipatinginschoolactivities,highschoolsofferstudentsawiderangeofsportsandathleticsclubs.Helpingstudentsstayactiveandhealthy,theseclubsteachstudentstheimportanceofteamwork,patienceandpractice.

CommunityServiceOrganizations

OrganizationsliketheKeyClubInternationalandHabitatforHumanityhelpstudentsgivebacktotheircommunitiesbyparticipatinginstructuredservicelearningactivities.Fromcleaningalocalparktodistributing（分配）Thanksgivingbasketstothehomeless,theseorganizationsteachchildrentheimportanceofreachingoutahelpinghandtothoseinneed.

CareerDevelopmentClubs

Determiningtherightcareerpathcomesfromexploringdifferentoptionstolearnwhateachcareerrequiresandhowitfitsyourinterests.Highschoolsdevelopclubsandorganizationsdedicatedtostudentswhowanttoownbusinesses,becometeachers,doctors,lawyersandactors,amongmanyothercareers.Studentsparticipatingintheseclubsareactiveinthecommunityandoftencompeteagainststudentsonlocal,regionalandsometimesnationallevels.ClubslikeDECA（anassociationofmarketingstudents）andFBLA（FutureBusinessLeadersofAmerica）havestudentscompeteagainstoneanothertotesttheirbusinessskills.Othercareer-orientedclubsincludeorganizationsforfutureteachers,debateandphotographyenthusiasts.

1.Whichofthefollowinghasarequirementforstudentachievements?

A.CareerDevelopmentClubs.B.HonorSocieties.

C.CommunityServiceOrganizations.D.SportsandAthleticsClubs.

2.WhatdoSportsandAthleticsClubsandCommunityServiceOrganizationshaveincommon?

A.Theybothneedstudentstoworktogether.

B.Theybothteachstudentspracticalskills.

C.Theybothprovidemoraleducationforstudents.

D.Theybothbuildstudents'confidence.

3.WhatisthepurposeofCareerDevelopmentClubs?

A.Tohelpstudentswithcareerplanning.B.Totrainpeopleforallwalksoflife.

C.Toleadstudentstofindtheirhobbies.D.Toimprovestudents'awarenessofcompetition.

B

"Natureneverstopsbeingamazing,"saysRosemaryMosco,masterofhumorousnatureart.Hernewbook,BirdingIsMyFavoriteVideoGame,combinesfascinatingfactswithcharmingpictures,andit'sguaranteedtomakeyoulaugh.Infact,thelearningandlaughingarebothequallyimportanttoRosemary.

"There'ssomuchtoloveaboutbirds,"notesRosemary."Iadmirethatthey'rereal-life,moderndinosaurs!

Asanartist,I'mcaptivatedbytheircolorvariations.Onceyougetintobirds,theinterestsnowballs.Youcanfindthemalmosteverywhere.Youstarttonoticesubtlebehaviorsandwingpatterns.You'reneverboredagain.Teachingakidtowatchbirdsisahugegift."

BirdsmakeregularappearancesinRosemary'snatureartcomics（连环漫画）.Shecreatedcharts（图表）explainingthesongsandcallsofcommoneasternandwesternbirds.Oneofhermostpopularpiecesisaflowcharthelpingyoutodecidewhetherornottohelpababybirdfallenfromanest.Andherownpersonalfavoritecartoonisabouttinyowls,meanttobebothmotivationalandmildlydisturbing.Rosemaryexplains:

"Onereaderaskedmeifwehadanyevidencethattheseowlscankillandeatamoose（驼鹿）.Myresponsewas,notyet…"

Rosemarylovesotheranimals,andisespeciallyproudofapostershedrewshowingeverysnakeintheUSandCanada.Shealsohasarealsoftspotforbutterflies."Theirbehaviorscanbesurprisinglycomplex,"shepointsout."Theydefendhabitatswithdogfights.Theyhavecomplexrelationshipswithpoisonousplants.Someofthemcatwasteanddrinktears.Oh,andithelpsthattheyposenicelyforphotos."

Mostlyself-taught,Rosemaryhastakenafewartcourses,evenstudyingvideogameartforabit.Duringhercareer,she'screatedmanyeducationalcharts,andhasbeenworkingonsomechildren'ssciencebooks.Shealsohasanupcomingcomicsnovelaboutthesolarsystem.

"I'mexcitedtosharemorestoriesaboutthenaturalworld."Rosemarysaysaboutthefutureofhernatureartcomics."Humorgivessciencewings!

"

4.WhatisthemainfeatureofRosemary'scomics?

A.Anovelofecologyandcartoons.

B.Acombinationofnatureartandscience.

C.Amixtureofentertainmentandeducation.

D.Abookofinterestingfactsandbehaviorcharts.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"captivated"meaninParagraph2?

A.Puzzled.B.Attracted.C.Shocked.D.Encouraged.

6.ThepurposeofwritingParagraph4isto.

A.sharethecontentofRosemary'scomics

B.explainthepopularityofRosemary'sart

C.provethehardshipofRosemary'screation

D.disclosethesourceofRosemary'sinspiration

7.WhatisRosemarymostlikelytodonext?

A.Takesomeartcourses.B.Writeanewbirdingbook.

C.Drawthesunhumorously.D.Observemoose'sbehavior.

C

Signlanguage,theprimaryformofcommunicationofthedeafcommunity,hasbeeninuseforhundredsofyears.You'reprobablymostfamiliarwithAmericanSignLanguage,butsignlanguageisusedallovertheworldandhasnearly150variations.Signlanguageinterpreterscanbeseeneverywherefromclassroomsandgraduationceremoniestomajorsportingevents.

Whenyouthinkofsignlanguage,youmostlikelyimaginesignersusingtheirhandstoformwordsandletters.However,handsarconlyoneofthemanydifferentbodylanguagetechniquesthatsignersusetogettheirmeaningacross.Infact,muchofthegrammaticalstructureofsignlanguageisnotindicatedbythesigner'shands.

Whilethehandsareresponsibleforformingthewordsthemselves,markerscalled"non-manualelements"controlmuchofthelanguages'grammaticalstructure.Non-manualelements（ormarkers）arcbodylanguagetechniquesthatdon'tusethehands.Theseincludeheadmovements,bodypositioningandfacialexpressions.Usedtogetherwiththesigns.theseelementsgivesignlanguageasubtle（微妙的）andextremelycomplicatedgrammaticalstructure.LinguistAndreaLacknerfromAlpcn-AdriaUniversityinAustriadidastudythatshowsjusthowimportantthesenon-manualelementsarctosignlanguageusers.

Thestudyassessedjusthowmanydifferentthingsnon-manualelementscando.Forthisstudy,allparticipantsweredeafusersofAustrianSignLanguage.Theywatchedavideoofsomeoneusingsignlanguage,andtheyhadtodescribethepurposeofeachnon-manualelement.Theresultswereverycomplicated.Forinstance,thingsassubtleasthedirectionofthesigner'sgazecanindicatewhetherornotastatementishypothetical（假设的）.Asingleheadmovementcanindicatetheemotionofastatement,aconditionalorifsituation,orasigner'sfeelingstowardahypotheticalquestion.Bodylanguageisalwaysimportant,butinsignlanguage,itcanchangetheentiremeaningofasentence!

8.Whatdosignersusetheirhandstodomostly?

A.Toknowpeople'swordsandletters.B.Tounderstandpeople'smeanings.

C.Toformthegrammaticalstructure.D.Toformwordsandletters.

9.Whatdonon-manualelementsinclude?

A.Words,signlanguageandbodylanguage.

B.Headmovements,bodylanguageandsigns.

C.Headmovements,bodypositioningandfacialexpressions.

D.Bodypositioning,facialexpressionsandsigns.

10.Whatdoesthestudyshowaboutsignlanguage?

A.Themainfunctionofthenon-manualelements.

B.Theimportanceofthenon-manualelements.

C.Theinfluenceofbodylanguageonsignlanguage.

D.Theinfluenceofsignlanguageonbodylanguage.

11.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Non-manualElementsCountsinSignLanguageB.WaystoAvoidBeingMisunderstood

C.GrammaticalElementsinSignLanguageD.TheImportanceofSignLanguage

D

Nobelprize-winners,legendary（传奇的）authors,andfamousscientists-youmightthinkallthesepeoplewereborntobecreative.However,that'snotalwaysthecase.

Whilewell-knownfigureslikePabloPicassoandAlbertEinsteindidtheirmostsignificantworkintheiryouth,famousAmericanpoetRobertFrostandEnglish-bornnaturalscientistCharlesDarwinwereknownas"latebloomers"-peoplewhosetalentswerenotnoticeableuntillaterinlife.

Thisideaof"peaking"atdifferenttimesinspirednewresearchfromtheUnitedStates."Manypeoplebelievethatcreativityisexclusively（独有地）associatedwithyouth,butitreallydependsonwhatkindofcreativityyou'retalkingabout,"saidBruceWeinberg,aprofessorofeconomicsattheUniversityofChicagoandco-authorofthestudy.

Accordingtothestudy,publishedearlierthismonthinthejournalDeEconomist,therearetwotypesofpeople:

conceptual（概念的）andexperimentalthinkers.

Toreachthisconclusion,researcherstookthe31previouswinnersoftheNobelPrizeineconomicsandarrangedthemaccordingtowhentheydidtheirmostsignificantwork,toidentifytheircrea