Greek and Latin Root words.docx

Greek and Latin Root words.docx

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GreekandLatinRootwords

GreekandLatinRootWordsforBiology

ThekeytolearningbiologicaltermsisinlearningtheoriginsofthosewordswhichisusuallyGreekorLatin.Thefollowinglistwasobtainedfrom:

http:

//www.biology.ualberta.ca/courses.hp/zool250/Roots/RootsMain.htm

A

B

C

a（n）-without

ab-awayfrom

abduc-leadfrom

acanth-prickle

acer-withouthorns

acetabul-vinegarcup

aceto-acid

acin-clusterofgrapes

acri-acrid,sharp

acro-summit,top

actin-ray

acust-ofhearing

ad-towards

adipo-fat

adventit-comingto

aegopod-goat-foot

aestiv-summer

affer-carryingto

agrest-rural,wild

agro（st）-field

al（i）-wing

alb-white

allant-sausage

alliumgarlic

alopec-fox

altissim-tall

alve-pit,socket

ambly-blunt

ambul-walk

ammo-sand

amnio-fetalenvelope

amoeb-change

amphi-both

amplex-clasping

ampulla-flask

amygdala-almondshapedorgan

amyl-starch

an-without

ana-up,back,again

anatol-east

Anagallis-delightful

anchus-bend,bay

andr-male

anemo-wind

angi-vessel

angul-angle

angusti-narrow

ankylo-stiffjointed

annu-annual

anomo-lawless,irregular

anser-geese

ante-before

antho-flower

anthro-human

anti-against,opposite

antr-cave

apo-separate,from

aqua-water

aguilin-eagle-beaked

arach-spider

arbor-tree

arc-arch

arch（ae/i）-ancient

arct（i/o）-north,bear

are-space

areni-sandy

arg（en/lyr）-silver

arthro-joint

artic-jointed

artio-even-numbered

arundin-reed-like

asc-sac

asper-rough

aspid-shield

ast（e）r-star

astrag-dice（originallyaknucklebone）

ater,atra-black

Atlas=aTitan（mythicalgiant）whosupportedtheworldonhisshoulders

atr（ium）-vestibule

Atropos=oneoftheFateswhocutthethreadoflife

aur-ear,gold

austral-southern

auto-self

aux-grow

avi-bird

axi-axis

azyg-unpaired

baca-smallberry

baccatus-berried

baena-walking

balan-acorn

barb-beard

basi-atthebottom

bat（is）skate,ray

bdella-sucker

bell-pretty

bi-two

bi（ola）-life

blast-germ

bore-north

botry-smallbunchofgrapes

bov-ox

brachi-arm

brachy-short

brady-slow

branch-gill

brevi-short

brizo-tonod

bromo-oats,broom,shadow

bronch-windpipe

bucca-mouthcavity

bulbos-bulbous

bulla-bubble,flask

bullat-wrinkled

buno-hill

bursa-pouch,purse

caduci-temporary

caec-blind

caerul-skyblue

caespit-tufted

calam-reed,aspen

calc-stone

calli-beautiful

calloscallous

calor-heat

calyxcup,chalice

camp-field

campanulabell

cani-dog

cap（it）-head

capill-hair

capsella-smallbox

card-heart

carin-keel

cam-flesh

carotid-producingstupor

carp-seed,wrist

cary-nut

cata-down

cauda-tail

cav-hollow

centi-hundred

ceph（al）-head

cera（s）（t）-horn

cerc-horns,lobes,shorttail

cerebro-brain

cerv-neck

ch（e）ir-hand

chaero-toplease

chaet-bristle

chamae-onground

chel-turtle

cheno-goose

chiasm-crossing

chil-lip

chlamy-outergarment

chlor-green

choan-funnel

chondr-cartilage

chord-cord

chorionmembrane

chrom-colour

chrys-golden

chyl-fluid

chym-juice

cili-eyelash

ciner-ashen,grey

cipit-head

circum-around

cirr-tentacle（originallycurl）

cl（e）ist-closed

clad-branch

clast-broken

clav-key

cleid-key

cleithr-bar,key

clin-bed,recline

cloacasewer

coccusberry,grain

cochl-shell

coel-hollow

col（on）largeintestine

coll-neck

collat-bornetogether

columellalittlecolumn

com-with

commis-sentout

communis-colonial

commutat-changed

compact-compact

compress-flattened

con-with

conch-shell

condyl-knuckle

cono-cone

contra-opposite

convolvo-toentwine

copro-dung

cora（xlg）-raven

corb-basket

cord-heart

corium-leather

corn-horn

coron-crown

corp-body

cort-bark

cost-rib

cotyl-cup

crani-skull

crass-thick

crep-shoe

cribi-sieve

cric-ring

crispuscurled

crist-crest

crosso-fringe,tassel

cru（rals）-shank

cruci-cross-like

crypt-hidden

cten-comb

cune-wedge

cusp-lance,point

cuti-skin

cyan-blue

cycl-circular

cyno-dog

cyst-capsule

cyt-cell

D

E

F

dactyl-finger

dasy-shaggy

deci-ten

decid-fallingoff

decuss-crossbanding

deka-ten

delph-womb

delphis-dolphin

demi-half

dendr-tree

dent-tooth

derm-skin

dero-persisting

desmo-band

deut-second

dextro-right

di（a）-two

dia-through

didym-twin

digit-finger

dino-terrible

diplo-double

dipso-thirst

dissect-deeplycut

dodeca-twelve

don't-tooth

dors-back

drom-quickrunning

dubi-doubtful

dulci-sweet

duo-two

dur-hard

echino-spiny

echis-viper

eco-house

ecto-outside

effer-carryingaway

effusus-looselyspreading

ejacul-throwout

elasmo-plate,flat

elat-tall

-ell-diminutive

embio-living

embol-thrownin

endo-inside

engy-narrow

ensi-sword

entolenter-inside

eo-dawn,east

epi-upon

equi-horse,equal

erect-upright

erythr-red

esculent-edible

ethm-sieve

eu-well,very

eury-wide

ex-outof

exiguus-slender

exo-outside

extens-drawout

extra-beyond

extrins-comingfrom

fab-bean

falc-sickle-shaped

fallax-false

fasc（ic）-bundle

fatuus-foolish,useless

feli-cat

fer-carry

ficar-fig-like

fil-thread

fistul-hollow,tube

flacc-flabby

flav-yellow

flexu-wavy

flocculus-lockofwool

fluitans-floating

foen-hay

foetid-foulsmelling

foli-leaf

fontan-fountain

foramen-opening

fornix-vault

fovea-shallowrounddepression

fruticans-shrubby

fund-topour

furc（ul）-fork

G

H

I,J,K

gal-milk

gale-weasel

gall-ofFrance

gangli-knot

gano-shining

gast（e）r-stomach,pouch

gemin-twins

gemm-bud

genu-knee,joint

geranium-crane

gerro-shield

gladi-sword

glen-socket

glia-glue

glom（er）-halfofyam

glo（ss/tt）-tongue

glut-sticky

gl（uly）c-sweet

glypt-carved,engraved

gnaph-wool

gnath-jaw

goni-angle

gono-seed

gracil-slender

gram-ofgrass

gymn-naked

gyn-woman

gyr-turning

haem-blood

hal-salty

hallu（x/ci）-bigtoe

hamat-hook

haplo-single,simple

hasta（t）-spear-tipshape

hect-hundred

heira-hawk

helios-sun

helminth-worm

helo-wart

hemi-half

hepa（r/t）-liver

hepta-seven

hetero-different

hex-six

hibem-winter

hippo-horse

hirsut-hairy

hispid-bristly

histri-actor

holo-complete,whole

homo-man,same

homal-flat

hormon-thatwhichexcites

hortens-ofgardens

humus-ground

hyal-glassy

hydr-water

hyemal-winter

hyo-U-shaped

hyper-above

hypo-beneath

ichthy-fish

-ida-like

-idae-endingofzoologicalfamilynames

ileum-twisted

impar-unpaired

in-in,not

-in-diminutive

-inae-endingofzoologicalsub-familynames

incarnat-fleshcoloured

incis-cuttingin

incus-anvil

inermis-unarmed

inflexis-rigid

infra-under

inter-between

intra-within

iod-violet

-iola-diminutive

iris-rainbow

iso-equal

iter-passage

jug-yokedtogether

jungoljunc-tobind

ket-ketone

kilo-thousand

L

M

N

labi-lips

labyrinth-tortuouspassage

lacer-torn

lacrim-tears

lact-milk

lacuna-space

laevo-left

lagena-flask

lamella-leaf,layer

lan（at）-wool

lanceol（at）-lance-shaped

lati-broad

lecith-eggyolk

lemm-skin,husk

lens-lentil,bean

leo（n）-lion

lepid-scale

lepto-slender

leuc-white

levator-lifter

lign-wood

ligul-strap-shaped

lin-line

ling-tongue

lip-fat

lith-stone

log（y）-discourse

loph-crest

lumen-cavity

luna-moon

lupuswolf

lute-yellow

lymph-clearwater

lysis-loosen

macr-large

macula-spot

magni-large

maj-greater

mala-cheek

malleus-hammer,mallet

mamma-breast

mandib-lowerjaw

manu-hand

maritim-ofthesea

marsupium-pouch

masseter-chewer

mast-nipple

mat（e）ri-mother

maxi-large

maxill-jaw

maxim-greatest

meatus-passage

medi-medium

medull-marrow

mega-large

mel（l）i-honey

melan-black

menin（x,g）-membrane

meno-moon

mer-part

meso-middle

meta-after

micro-small

milli-thousand

min-smaller

minim-smallest

mirabile-wonderful

miss-sent

mito-thread

mixi-mingle

moll-soft

monil-stringofbeads

mono-one

montan-ofmountains

morph-form

motor-mover

multi-many

mural-walls

muri-mouse

myo-muscle,mouse

myri-countless

myx-mucous

myz-sucker

na（rls）-nose

necro-dead

necto-swimming

nema-hair

nemoral-inwoods

neo-new

nephr-kidney

neur-nerve

nictitat-winking

nigr-black

non-not

nona-nine

noth-spurious

notho-southern

noto-back,south

nu（clx）-nut

nuch-backofneck

nucle-littlenut

nud-naked

nulli-none

nutans-nodding

O

P

Q,R

obtect-concealed

obturat-closed

obtusi-blunt

occiden-Western

occip-backofhead

oct-eight

odont-tooth

odor-fragrant

oecious-houseof

oed-swollen

oen-wine

oesoph-gullet

officinal-usedinmedicine

-oid-like

olecran-skullofelbow

oleo-oily

olfact-smelling

oligo-few

oliva-olive

omaso-paunch

oment-fatskin

omm-eye

omo-shoulder

omphalo-navel

onto-existing

oo-egg

op（t）-eye

operculum-littlecover

ophi-snake

ophthalmo-eye

opistho-behind

opoter-either

or-mouth

orbi-circle

orch-testicle

oriental-Eastern

ornith-bird

ortho-straight

os（ti）-mouth

os（s/t）-bone

ostracshell

ot-ear

ovi-sheep

ovo-egg

oxys,oxus-sharp,pointed

pachy-thick

palae-old

palli（um）-mantle

pallid-pale

palustri-inmarshes

pan-ali

par