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英语专八真题及其答案doc
TEST
RENGLISHMAJORS(2010)
ADE
EIGHT
PARTI
SECTIONA
LISTENINGCOMPREHENSION(35MIN)
MINI-LECTURE
Inthissectionyouwillhearamini-lecture.YouwillhearthelectureONCEONLY.Whilelistening,takenotesontheimportantpoints.Yournoteswillnotbemarked,butyouwillneedthemtocompleteagap-fillingtaskafterthemini-lecture.Whenthelectureisover,youwillbegiventwominutestocheckyournotes,andanothertenminutestocompletethegap-fillingtaskonANSWERSHEETONE.Usetheblanksheetfornote-taking.
Completethegap-fillingtask.SomeofthegapsbelowmayrequireamaximumofTHREEwords.Makesuretheword(s)youfillinis(are)bothgrammatically&semanticallyacceptable.Youmayrefertoyournotes,
ParalinguisticFeaturesofLanguage
Inface-to-facecommunicationspeakersoftenaltertheirtomesofvoiceorchangetheirphysicalposturesinordertoconveymessages.Thesemeansarecalledparalinguisticfeaturesoflanguage,whichfallintotwocategories.
Firstcategory:
vocalparalinguisticfeatures
A.
(1)-
B.Examples
1.whispering:
2.breathiness:
3.
(2)
4.nasality:
5.extralip-rounding:
greaterintimacy
Secondcategory:
physicalparalinguisticfeatures
A.」」
toexpressattitudeorintention
needforsecrecydeepemotionunimportanceanxiety
⑴.
⑵.
B.
C.
facialexpressions
1.(3)
smiling:
signalofpleasureorwelcome
2.lesscommonexpressions
eyebrowraising:
surpriseorinterest
lipbiting:
(4)
gesture
gesturesarerelatedtoculture.
1.Britishculture
shruggingshoulders:
(5)
scratchinghead:
puzzlement
2.othercultures
placinghanduponheart:
(6)
pointingatnose:
secret
proximity,postureandechoing
1.proximity:
physicaldistancebetweenspeakers
closeness:
intimacyorthreat
(7):
formalityorabsenceofinterest
Proximityisperson-,culture-and(8)-specific.
2.posture
⑶.
⑷.
(5).
(6).
(7).
(8)_
hunchedshouldersorahanginghead:
toindeicate(9)(9)
directleveleyecontact:
toexpressanopenorchallengingattitude
3.echoing
definition:
imitationofsimilarposture
(10):
aidincommunication(10)
consciousimitation:
mockery
SECTIONBINTERVIEW
InthissectionyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.MarkthecorrectanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO.
Questions1to5arebasedonaninterview.Attheendoftheinterviewyouwillbegiven10secondstoanswereachofthefollowingfivequestions.
Nowlistentotheinterview.
1.AccordingtoDrJohnson,diversitymeans
A.mergingofdifferentculturalidentities.
B.moreemphasisonhomogeneity.
C.embracingofmoreethnicdifferences.
D.acceptanceofmorebranchesofChristianity.
2.Accordingtotheinterview,whichofthefollowingstatementsinCORRECT?
A.Someplacesaremorediversethanothers.
B.Townsarelessdiversethanlargecities.
C.Diversitycanbeseeneverywhere.
D.Americanisatrulydiversecountry.
3.AccordingtoDrJohnson,whichplacewillwitnessaradicalchangeinitsracialmakeup
by2025?
」
A.Maine
B.Selinsgrove
C.Philadelphia
D.California
4.DuringtheinterviewDrJohnsonindicatesthat
A.greaterracialdiversityexistsamongyoungerpopulations.
B.botholderandyoungerpopulationsareraciallydiverse.
C.agediversitycouldleadtopensionproblems.
D.olderpopulationsaremoreraciallydiverse.
5.Accordingtotheinterview,religiousdiversity
A.wasmostevidentbetween1990and2000.
B.existsamongMuslimimmigrants.
C.isrestrictedtocertainplacesintheUS.
D.isspreadingtomorepartsofthecountry.
SECTIONCNEWSBROADCAST
InthissectionyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Markthecorrectanswertoeachquestiononyourcolouredanswersheet.
Question6isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestion.
Nowlistentothenews.
6.Whatisthemainideaofthenewsitem?
A.Sonydevelopedacomputerchipforcellphones.
B.Japanwillmarketitswalletphoneabroad.
C.Thewalletphoneisoneofthewirelessinnovations.
D.Readerdevicesareavailableatstoresandstations.
Question7and8isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.
Nowlistentothenews.
7.Whichofthefollowingismentionedasthegovernmenfsmeasuretocontrolinflation?
A.Foreigninvestment.
B.Donorsupport.
C.Pricecontrol.
D.Bankprediction.
8.AccordingtoKingdomBank,whatisthecurrentinflationrateinZimbabwe?
A.20millionpercent.
B.2.2millionpercent.
C.11.2millionpercent.
D.Over11.2millionpercent.
Question9and10arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestion.
Nowlistentothenews.
9.WhichofthefollowingisCORRECT?
A.AbigfireeruptedontheNileRiver.
B.Helicopterswereusedtoevacuatepeople.
C.Fivepeopleweretakentohospitalforburns.
D.Abigfiretookplaceontwofloors.
10.Thelikelycauseofthebigfireis
A.electricalshort-cut.
B.lackoffire-satefymeasures.
C.terrorism.
D.notknown.
PARTIIREADINGCOMPREHENSION(30MIN)
Inthissectiontherearefourreadingpassagesfollowedbyatotalof20multiple-choicequestions.Readthepassagesandthenmarkyouranswersonyourcolouredanswersheet.
TEXTA
Still,theimageofanycityhasahalf-lifeofmanyyears.(Sodoesitsname,officiallychangedin2001fromCalcuttatoKolkata,whichisclosertowhatthewordsoundslikeinBengali.ConversinginEnglish,IneverheardanyonecallthecityanythingbutCalcutta.)ToWesterners,theconveyancemostidentifiedwithKolkataisnotitsmodemsubway——afacilitywhosespaciousstationshaveartonthewallsandcricketmatchesontelevisionmonitors—butthehand-pulledrickshaw.Storiesandfilmscelebrateaprimitive-lookingcartwithhighwoodenwheels,pulledbysomeonewholooksclosetoneedingthesuccorofMotherTeresa.Foryearsthegovernmenthasbeentalkingabouteliminatinghand-pulledrickshawsonwhatitcallshumanitariangrounds—principallyonthegroundthat,asthemayorofKolkatahasoftensaid,itisoffensivetosee"onemansweatingandstrainingtopullanotherman.^,Butthesedayspoliticiansalsolamenttheimpactof6,000hand-pulledrickshawsonamoderncity'strafficand,particularly,onitsimage."WesternerstrytoassociatebeggarsandtheserickshawswiththeCalcuttalandscape,butthisisnotwhatCalcuttastandsfbr,"thechiefministerofWestBengal,BuddhadebBhattachaijee,saidinapressconferencein2006."Ourcitystandsforprosperityanddevelopment.99Thechiefminister—theequivalentofastategovernor—wentontoannouncethathand-pulledrickshawssoonwouldbebannedfromthestreetsofKolkata.
Rickshawsarenottheretohaularoundtourists.(Actually,IsawalmostnotouristsinKolkata,apartfromtheyoungbackpackersonSudderStreet,inwhatusedtobeared-lightdistrictandisnowsaidtobethesingleplaceinthecitywheretheservicesarickshawpulleroffersmayincludeprovidingfemalecompanytoagentlemanfortheevening.)Ifsthepeopleinthelaneswhomostregularlyuserickshaws一notthepoorbutpeoplewhoarejustanotchabovethepoor.Theyarepeoplewhotendtotravelshortdistances,throughlanesthataresometimesinaccessibletoeventhemostdaringtaxidriver.Anolderwomanwithmarketingtodo,forinstance,canarriveinarickshaw,havetherickshawpullerwaituntilshecomesbackfromvariousstallstoloadherpurchases,andthenbetakenhome.Peopleinthelanesuserickshawsasa24-hourambulanceservice.Proprietorsofcafesorcornerstoressendrickshawstocollecttheirsupplies.(OnemorningIsawarickshawpullertakeonaloadoflivechickens一tiedinpairsbythefeetsotheycouldbedrapedovertheshaftsandthefoldedbackcanopyandeventheaxle.Bythetimehetrottedoff,hewascarryingaboutahundredupside-downchickens.)Therickshawpullerstoldmetheirsteadiestcustomersareschoolchildren.Middle-classfamiliescontractwithapullertotakeachildtoschoolandpickhimup;thepulleressentiallybecomesafamilyretainer.
FromJunetoSeptemberKolkatacangettorrentialrains,anditsdrainagesystemdoesn'tneedtorrentialraintobeginbackingup.ResidentswhofavoratouchofhyperbolesaythatinKolkata"ifastraycatpees,there9saflood."Duringmystayitoncerainedforabout48hours.Entireneighborhoodscouldn'tbereachedbymotorizedvehicles,andthenewspapersshowedpicturesofrickshawsbeingpulledthroughwaterthatwasuptothepullers9waists.Whenit'sraining,thenormalcustomerbaseforrickshawpullersexpandsgreatly,asdoesthepriceofajourney.AwriterinKolkatatoldme,"Whenitrains,eventhegovernortakesrickshaws.99
WhileIwasinKolkata,amagazinecalledIndiaTodaypublisheditsannualrankingofIndianstates,accordingtosuchmeasurementsasprosperityandinfrastructure.AmongIndia's20largeststates,Biharfinisheddeadlast,asithasforfourofthepastfiveyears.Bihar,acouplehundredmilesnorthofKolkata,iswherethevastmajorityofrickshawpullerscomefrom.OnceinKolkata,theysleeponthestreetorintheirrickshawsorinadera—acombinationgarageandrepairshopanddormitorymanagedbysomeonecalledasardar.Forsleepingprivilegesinadera,pullerspay100rupees(about$2.50)amonth,whichsoundslikeaprettygooddealuntilyou'vevisitedadera(防护评估和研究机构).Theygrossbetween100and150rupeesaday,outofwhichtheyhavetopay20rupeesfortheuseoftherickshawandanoccasional75ormoreforapayoffifapolicemanstopsthemfor,say,crossingastreetwhereri