外研版高中英语必修一导学案课时训练十Unit4StartingoutUnderstandingideas.docx
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外研版高中英语必修一导学案课时训练十Unit4StartingoutUnderstandingideas
课时素养评价十
Unit4 Startingout&Understandingideas
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Therewereonlythreeofusontheadvanced（advance）course.
【补偿训练】
Theticketsoffootballgamesoftenselloutwellinadvance.
2.Thetwosetsoffiguresarenotsignificantly（significant）different.
【补偿训练】
Weshouldkeepinmindthatteamworkisofgreatsignificance（significant）tobothoursocietyandourselves.
3.Thesoftwareenablesyoutoaccess（access）theInternetinseconds.
4.ThisyearwaterlevelsintheYangtzeareunusually（unusual）high.
5.Ipreferredjazztorockmusicduringthattime.
6.WhenI’mtired,Itendtomake（make）mistakes.
【补偿训练】
Ihaveatendency（tend）totalktoomuchwhenI’mnervous.
7.Thankstoourhardwork,wecanfinishthetaskontime.
8.Iwillalwayskeepinmindwhathadhappenedamongus.
9.Whathesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.
10.Aseveryoneknows,Chinaisabeautifulcountrywithalonghistory.
Ⅱ.选词填空
losetrackof,thanksto,communicatewith,stayintouchwith,upto,keepinmind,share...with
1.Suesharesahousewiththreeotherstudents.
2.Whatheisuptoiswatchedoverbyhisparents.
3.Hepromisedtostayintouchwithuswhilehewasabroad.
4.Youneedtokeepinmindthatyoushouldkeepcalmwhenintrouble.
5.TeachershowedushowtocommunicatewitheachotherinEnglish.
6.Thankstoteacher’shelp,IhavemadegreatprogressinmyEnglish.
7.Inordertoavoidlosingtrackofyourfriend,you’dbettercallyourfriendnowandthen.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.Whatifyougetabadjobandhaveapoorincome?
要是你得到一份不好的工作,收入低怎么办?
2.Youhaveoursupport,whateveryoudecide.
不管你作何决定,都会得到我们的支持。
3.Evenifweachievegreatsuccessinourwork,weshouldnotbeconceited.即使我们在工作中取得了很大的成绩,也不应该自满。
4.Whatwasonceregardedasimpossiblehasnowbecomeareality.曾经被认为不可能的事情,现在已经变成了事实。
5.Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone’shealth.
正如我们所知,吸烟有害健康。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Jackthrewthepapersonmydesk.“Nexttimeyouwanttochangeanything,askmefirst,”hesaid.Ihadchangedalongsentenceandcorrecteditsgrammar—somethingIthoughtIwaspaidtodo.
Severaldayslater,hemademeangryagain.Iwenttohisoffice,preparedtolosemyjobifneedbe,butnotbeforeIletthemanknowhowIfelt.“What?
”hesaidnervously.
SuddenlyIknewwhatIhadtodo.“Jack,thewayyou’vebeentreatingmeiswrong.Andit’swrongformetoallowittocontinue,”Isaid.“Iwanttomakeyouapromise.Iwillbeafriend.”ThenextdayIbroughtsomecakestoJack’soffice.EverytimeIsawJackinthehall,Ismiledathim.Afterall,that’swhatfriendsdo.
Oneyearafterourtalk,IwastoldthatIhadbreastcancer.WhenIwasinhospital,myfriendstriedtofindtherightwordstosay,butnoonecould.Thelastdayofmyhospitalstay,thedooropenedandJackwalkedovertomybed.“Tulips（郁金香）,”heplacedsomebulbsbesidemeandsaid,“Ifyouplantthemwhenyougethome,you’llbetheretoseethemwhentheycomeup.”Tearsfilledmyeyes.
InamomentwhenIprayedforjusttherightwords,amanwithfewwordssaidtherightthing.Afterall,that’swhatfriendsdo.Now,Ihaveseenthosetulipspushthroughthesoileveryspringforovertenyears.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。
讲述了作者和朋友Jack之间的故事。
告诉读者:
相互尊重才会得到真诚的友谊。
1.WhydidJackthrowsomepapersontheauthor’sdesk?
A.Shegavehimthewrongpapers.
B.Hethoughtherreportwasverybad.
C.Hewantedhertocheckthemagain.
D.Hedidn’tagreewithhercorrection.
【解析】选D。
推理判断题。
根据文章第一段可知Jack并不认同作者对他的论文的修改,认为作者未询问他就修改论文是对他的不尊重,所以才会对作者发脾气。
2.WhatpromisedidtheauthormaketoJack?
A.Shewouldworkharderfromthenon.
B.Shewouldtreathimlikeafriend.
C.Shewouldbringhimsomecakes.
D.Shewouldtreathimthesameway.
【解析】选B。
细节理解题。
根据第三段中“Iwanttomakeyouapromise.Iwillbeafriend.”可知作者对Jack发誓会像朋友一样对待他。
3.ThetulipbulbsthatJackgavetheauthorprobablysuggest______.
A.love B.honor C.hope D.thanks
【解析】选C。
推理判断题。
根据第四段倒数第二句可知Jack告诉作者“回家的时候,如果你把它们都种下去,当它们发芽的时候,你就能够看见它们”,这是Jack鼓励作者乐观面对困境所说的话,让作者对生活充满希望。
句中把郁金香球茎比喻为生活的希望。
4.Whatdidtheauthormeanbysaying“that’swhatfriendsdo”?
A.Friendsmusthelpeachothertocorrectmistakes.
B.Friendsshouldgiveadvicetoeachotherattherighttime.
C.Friendsshoulddoanythingforeachother.
D.Friendsshouldtreateachotherwithrespectandkindness.
【解析】选D。
推理判断题。
根据第三段中“ThenextdayIbroughtsomecakestoJack’soffice.EverytimeIsawJackinthehall,Ismiledathim.”可知作者把Jack当成她的朋友,每次见面都笑脸相迎,善意对待朋友。
所以“that’swhatfriendsdo”就是指朋友之间相互尊敬。
B
Whenwewereverysmall,werealizedthathavingfriendswasimportant.Someofusevenhadimaginary（想象中的）friends.Theneedforfriendscontinuedaswegrewintoourteens.Friendsplayedabigpartinformingourpersonalities（性格）.Asadults,itisstillimportantforustohavefriends.
Truefriendsarepeoplewholikeusthoughwemakemistakesandwholistentousandtellusthetruth.Friendssupportourdecisionsandtelluswhenwe’refoolish.Theylaughwithusandshareoursadness.Theyareourpartnersandshareinterestswithus.Theystimulateuswhenwearefeelingdown.Theyarepeoplewearen’tafraidoftellingoursecretwishestoorwhatisreallyonourminds.
Friendsareoursupporters.Whenyoucandependonfriends,youfeelsafeandwarm.Friendsofferacceptanceandemotional（情感的）support.Attimes,theyalsohelpwithoureverydaylives,cookingameal,doingchores,orgivingusaliftwhenweneedone.Friendsalsoaretheretoofferadvice,aneartolisten,orashouldertocryon.
Friendsalsohelpusreducestress.Notonlydotheylistentouswhenwefeelstressed,buttheyalsodiscusswhatisstressingus.Sharinginterestsanddoingactivitieswithfriendshelpusforgetaboutproblemsatworkorathome.Forashorttime,wecanloseourselvesinapleasantactivityandperhapslaughandbreathemoreeasily.
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。
主要讲述了人们需要朋友以及朋友的重要性。
5.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.HowtoReduceStress
B.HowtoMakeNewFriends
C.TheImportanceofFriends
D.TheQualitiesofGoodFriends
【解析】选C。
主旨大意题。
通读文章可知,全文讲述人们需要朋友以及朋友的重要性。
6.Theunderlinedword“stimulate”inParagraph2probablymeans______.
A.educateB.encourage
C.surpriseD.dislike
【解析】选B。
词义推测题。
根据本句“Theystimulateuswhenwearefeelingdown.”可知在我们情绪低落时,他们显然是会“激励,鼓励”我们。
7.Wecanlearnfromthethirdparagraphthatfriendsalways______.
A.laughatuswhenwe’refoolish
B.tellusotherpeople’ssecrets
C.shareoursadnessandinterests
D.supportuswhenweneedhelp
【解析】选D。
细节推理题。
由第三段的第一句“Friendsareoursupporters.”可知,本段主要讲述朋友是我们的支持者。
8.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat______.
A.peopleshouldmakefriendsanytime
B.friendsarepeoplewhoallowyoutocry
C.afriendhelpsyouinmanyways
D.goodfriendsarealwaysdifficulttomeet
【解析】选C。
推理判断题。
文章讲述的就是朋友的重要性。
【阅读多维训练】
1.Truefriendsarepeoplewholikeusthoughwemakemistakes.
译文:
真正的朋友是虽然我们犯错,但是仍然喜欢我们的人。
句式仿写:
Volunteersarepeoplewhowanttohelpothersandaskfornothing.
2.Notonlydotheylistentouswhenwefeelstressed,buttheyalsodiscusswhatisstressingus.
分析:
本句是notonly...butalso连接的并列句。
notonly置于句首要部分倒装。
译文:
当我们感到有压力的时候,他们不仅倾听我们的心声,而且也和我们探讨让我们感到压力的事情。
3.文章结构分析
Para1（总）
theimportanceoffriendship
Friendsplayedabigroleinformingour
（1）personalities.
Para2（分）
thecharacterofatruefriend
Likeusevenwhenwemake
（2）mistakes;
supportour（3）decisions;
shareour（4）happinessandsadness;
（5）encourageuswhenwefeeldown.
Para3（分）
friendsareoursupporters
Feel（6）safeandwarmwithfriends;
sometimeshelpusdosomething;
offerus（7）advice;tobeourlisteners.
Para4（分）
friendsalsohelpusreducestress
Sharing（8）interestsanddoingactivitiestoletusforgetourproblems.
Ⅱ.阅读填句
Howoldis“old”?
Howoldis“old”?
1 Twohundredyearsago,youwereoldat35.Thatwastheaveragelifethen.Attheturnofthiscentury,asmedicalknowledgeadvanced,theaveragelifespan（长度）increasedto45.In1950,70-year-oldswerereallyold.Today,ahealthy70-year-oldislookingforwardtomanymoreactiveyears.
So,howoldisold?
Theanswerisoneyou’veheardmanytimes,fromallsortsofpeople.“Youareasold（oryoung）asyoufeel!
”Thecalendar（日历）simplytellsyouhowmanyyearsyouhavelived. 2
Onceanunknownauthorwrote,“ 3 Nobodygrowsoldbylivinganumberofyears;peoplegrowoldbygivinguptheirgoals.”
4 AliceBrophy,whenshewaswiththeNewYorkCitycommissionfortheAging,said,“Itupsetsmewhenpeoplesay,‘Gee,youlookyoungforyourage!
’Whatdoesthatmean?
Istheresomemodelthatyou’resupposedtolookacertainwayat65and75and85?
Youknowyoucandieoldat30andliveyoungat80.”
Therearemanywrongideasaboutaging. 5 Herearesomeofthemorecommonones.Forexample,mostolderpeopleareinpoorhealth,orolderpeopleareunabletochange.
A.Oldisapointofview.
B.It’sextremelyterribletobegrownold.
C.Theanswerhaschangedovertheyears.
D.Yourbodytellsyouhowwellyou’velived.
E.Olderpeoplearestubborn,unabletochange.
F.Youthisnotatimeoflifebutitisastateofmind.
G.Theseideasstereotype（固化）peopleonthebasisofage.
【文章大意】本文为夹叙夹议文。
本文讲述了到底多大才算是老年人,后来总结出心态比实际年龄更重要这一观点。
并以“aging”为话题展开讨论,意在教育人们要保持一颗不老的心灵;永怀远大理想。
1.【解析】选C。
考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。
本空是后面一段的中心句。
根据后面的内容“Twohundredyearsago,...Attheturnofthiscentury,...In1950,70-year-oldswerereallyold.Today,ahealthy70-year-oldislookingforwardtomanymoreactiveyears.”可知,对于“老年”
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