全国统一考试模拟测试二.docx

全国统一考试模拟测试二.docx

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全国统一考试模拟测试二

全国统一考试模拟测试

（二）英语试题

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

ThisisanopportunityopentostudentswhohaveachievedanaboveaverageKeyStage2score.Studentswillneedtoapplyabout2hoursperweek.Thiswillincludeextra-curricularactivities,experiencesandstudybeyondthenormalexpectationsoftheschoolcurriculum.

Overthenextacademicyear,theWestExeReachProgrammewillofferstudentsopportunitiestoparticipatein:

•Teambuildingresidentialactivities

•VisitstotopUKUniversitiesincludingOxfordandCambridge

•Inspirational,informativeandengaginglecturesfromleadersinarangeofdifferentprofessions

•MeetingswithstudentsfromUniversitieswhohavefollowedasimilarpathwaytothestudent’sambitions

Theambitionofthisistoseestudents’understandingoftheavailableopportunitiestowidenandtoencouragethemtosetthebarhighandachievemore.

Studentswillreceivesupportthroughadditionaltutoring.Toensurethatallstudentsareabletomoveontoanelite（精英）destinationoftheirchoice,theWestExeSchoolReachProgrammewillprovideassistancewiththecompletionofstrongExeterCollegeReachAcademyapplications.

Forfurtherquestions,pleaseemail admin@westexe.devon.sch.uk.

1.WhatactivityisaccessibletostudentsintheWestExeReachProgramme?

A.VisitstoUniversitiesintheUSA.

B.Teambuildingresidentialactivities.

C.Meetingswithstudentsfromseniorhigh.

D.Publicspeakingordebatingopportunities.

2.WhydoestheWestExeReachProgrammeprovideextra-curricularactivities?

A.ToensurestudentsachieveagoodKeyStage2score.

B.Toensurestudentsapplyabout2morehoursperweek.

C.Toencouragestudentstodreambigandachievemore.

D.Toencouragestudentstoapplyforadditionaltutoring.

3.WhomaybeinterestedintheWestExeReachProgramme?

A.StudentswhohavefinishedKeyStage2.

B.StudentsfromtopuniversitiesintheUK.

C.Leadersinarangeofdifferentprofessions.

D.EliteswhohavecompletedExeterCollege.

B

LikemanyKenyanswhotrytheirhandsatsomethingearningthemsomeextraincome,RobinaBosiboriandherhusbandhadtriedraisingchickensintheircourtyard.Whentheystartedkeepingthechickenstwoyearsago,theyhadhopedtheywouldmultiply,allowingthemtoselleggsandchickenstotheirneighbors.However,withthecouplebeingworkingparents,thechickensdidnotgettheattentiontheydeservedandatthebeginningofthisyear,theyonlyhad10chickens.

Luckily,theirfortunesbegantochangeafterthenovelcoronaviruspandemic（新冠疫情）struckandschoolswereclosed.Notwantingthechildrentospendthewholedaywatchingtelevision,BosiboristartedallocatingthemdutiesaroundthehouseandnoticedthatherdaughterAshleighhaddevelopedgreatinterestinthechickens.

Sincethechickenswerenotdoingsowellatthetime

Ashleighwouldgetemotionalifanychickendied.Shedecidedtodedicatehertimetoimprovingtheconditionstheywerelivingin.Shegavethemwaterandfoodregularly.Shealsoaskedherparentstohavethesickchickenstreated.Bythetimeshestartedpayingattentiontothechickens,therewereonlyeightofthem.Butcurrently,thefamilyhavealmost100chicksandchickens.

AccordingtoAshleigh,shefacedchallengesatthebeginningbecausethechickenskeptfallingillanddying.Inaddition,thehenhousewasoldanduncomfortableforthechickensandeggstogether.Shemadeherparentsrealizethattheoldhousewouldwastealotofchickenfeed.Therefore,theydecidedtoinvestinanewandbiggerhenhouseinthehopeofofferingbetterconditionsforthechickens.

Byspendingtimewiththechickens,Ashleighdevelopedabondwiththem.Shebelievedthatshehadlearnedalotbytakingcareofthechickensandtheinterestwouldcarryonevenafterschoolswerereopened.

4.Whydidthechickenskeepdyingatthebeginning?

A.Theywerenotproperlyattended.B.Thepandemicstrucksuddenly.

C.Anewhenhousewasconstructed.D.Ashleighwasinterestedinchickens.

5.WhatdidAshleighdoafterschoolswereclosed?

A.ShespentthewholedaywatchingTV.B.Sheallocateddutiesaroundthehouse.

C.Shetookcareofthechickenscarefully.D.Shedevelopedabondwithherbrothers.

6.Whatwastheproblemwiththeoldhenhouse?

A.Itstoppedthesickchickensfrombeingtreated.

B.Itseparatedhensfromtheireggsandchickens.

C.Itprovidedbetterconditionsforthechickens.

D.Itwastedchickenfeedandwasuncomfortable.

7.Whatcanwelearnfromthisstory?

A.Eastorwest,homeisthebest.B.Hardworkpaysoffintheend.

C.Wherethere’slife,there’shope.D.Educationisthekeytosuccess.

C

Scientistshavedesigned“transparent（透明的）wood”thatcouldreplaceconventionalglassinwindows.

Theinnovationwasdevelopedusingwoodfromthebalsatree,whichisnativetoSouthandCentralAmerica,andclaimstobefivetimesmorethermallyefficientthanglass.

Theteamtreatedbalsawoodinanoxidizingbaththatbleaches（漂白）itofnearlyallvisibilityandthenpenetrateditwithPVA-creatingaproductthatisvirtuallytransparent.Unliketraditionalglass,thetransparentwoodcanwithstandmuchstrongerimpactsandwillbendorsplinterwhendamaged,insteadofshattering（粉碎）.

ThetransparentwoodwascreatedbyteamsattheUniversityofMarylandandUniversityofColorado,whichsetouttofindagreeneralternativetoconventionalglass–aproductionthatcreates25,000tonsinemissionseachyear.Alongwithcontributingtogreenhousegases,glasscontributestoalossofenergy.

“Residentialbuildingwindowsinparticularaccountfor10–25%oftheheatlossduetotheirpoorthermalmanagementcapability

”theteamwroteinthestudy.

“Exploringenergyefficientwindowmaterialsisthushighlydesirabletoaddressheatingcosts,energyshortages,andtheglobalimpactofclimatechangeassociatedwithincreasedcarbonemissions.”

TheteamnotesthatthebondingbetweenPVAandcellulose（纤维素）inthewood,createsatightlypackedstructurethatallowsformorethermalprotectionandmakesitmoredurableandlighterthanglass.

“Switchingtotransparentwoodcouldprovetobecostefficientaswell,”researcherssharedinastatement.“Itismadefromasustainable,renewableresourcewithlowcarbonemissions.Itcanbeproducedwithexistingindustrialprocessingequipment,makingitsmanufacturinganeasyprospect.”

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“thermally”inparagraph2mean?

A.Associatedwithcost.B.Connectedwithheat.

C.Associatedwithemissions.D.Connectedwithstructure.

9.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“transparentwood”?

A.Itwillshatterwhendamaged.B.Ithasreplacedtraditionalglass.

C.Itismoredurablethanglass.D.Itcontributestogreenhousegases.

10.WhyistheresidentialbuildingwindowsmentionedinParagraph5?

A.Toshowthedisadvantagesofconventionalglass.

B.Toshowtheefficiencyofthermalmanagement.

C.Toexplaintheimportanceofbuildingdesigning.

D.Toexplaintheglobalimpactofclimatechange.

11.Whathelpsthetransparentwoodinthermalprotection?

A.Itstightlypackedstructure.B.Itssustainable,renewableresource.

C.Itseasymanufacturingprospect.D.Itsindustrialprocessingequipment.

D

Atthestartofnearlyeverydoctor’svisit,chancesarethatyouwillbeaskedtogetyourweightmeasured.Butmanyconversationsaroundweighthavebecomeanobstacle,notahelp,inthecampaigntomakepeoplehealthier.Doctors’recommendationstodroppoundsarestillextremelycommon,eventhoughusingbodysizeasaone-size-fits-allwaycanleadtoignoranceofthecomplexityofanindividual’sparticularphysiology.

Manystudieshaveshownheavierpeopleareathigherriskforhighbloodpressure,diabetesandotherdiseases.Butthebigpictureisnotthewholepicture.Researchershaveidentifiedsomefatpeopleconsideredtobe“metabolicallyhealthy”.However,oneinterestingreportpublishedin2016foundthatunhealthythinpeopleweretwiceaslikelytogetdiabetesashealthyfatpeople.Clearly,althoughtheassociationbetweenbeingoverweightanddiseaseisveryreal,individualexperiencecanvarygreatlyanddependsonpersonalphysiologyandbehavior.

Despitesuchfindings,amongthemoreterribleeffectsofweight-centralhealthcarearetheincreasedshameexperiencedbytheoverweight.Thewell-reportedexperienceofnumerousfatpeopleisthatdoctorsoftensetweightlosswithoutexaminingthem.Researchoverthepasttwodecadeshasshownthathealthprofessionalshavenegativeattitudestowardfatpeople.Notonlythatbutdoctors’appointmentswithfatpatientsareshorteronaverage,andsomerefusetoseethesepatientsatall,astheSouthFloridaSunSentinelreportedin2011.Suchprejudicedpracticeskeeppeoplefromregularannualexamsandpreventthedetectionofserioushiddenconditions.

Topracticeevidence-basedmedicine,doctorsshouldstoprelyingonweightaloneasanindicatorofhealthandquicklysettingoutweightlosstotreathealthdiseases.Instead,doctorsshouldfocusonbehavioralchangestoimprovehealthoutcomes.Peopleofallsizesareentitledto evidence-basedtreatmentsandkeepthem healthy.

12.Whatistheunderlinedphrase“aone-size-fits-allway”inParagraph1referto?

A.Analternativeway.B.Atemporaryway.

C.Auniquesolution.D.Aperfectsolution.

13.WhatcanbelearnedfromParagraph2?

A.Eachheavyindividualisathigherriskfordiseases.

B.Fatpeopleareconsideredtobemetabolicallyhealthy.

C.Notallfatpeoplesufferhighbloodpressureordiabetes.

D.Thinpeopleweretwiceaslikelytogetdiabetesasfatones.

14.Howdoestheaut