学年高一英语人教版必修三重点点拨学案Unit4PeriodOneWord版含答案.docx
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学年高一英语人教版必修三重点点拨学案Unit4PeriodOneWord版含答案
Space
Modernastrologytellsusthestarsareallglobes，likeoursun，farawayinspace.However，intheancienttimespeoplewerenotabletoexplainmanynaturalthingsinascientificway，sotheyturnedtoimaginationandexplainedwhattheysawwithbeautifulstories.
InChinawealsohavealotofoldstoriesaboutthesun，themoonandthestars，suchas“TheherdboyNiulangandtheweavinggirlZhinü”，etc.
NowadaysmodernscienceandtechnologyhasbroughtManintoouterspace.Peoplehaverealizedthedreamtowalkonthemoon.TheyevensenthomedevicestoMars.And，ourChina-made“ShenZhou”spaceshipshavealsoenteredspace.Itissaidinnotfarfuture，Chineseastronautswillsettheirstepsonthemoon，too.Man-madesatelliteslaunchedinspacehasbecomeanimportantpartofourordinarylife.Theyareusedtoprovideweatherforecasts，takephotosoftheearth，connectinternationalcallsandhelppeopleworldwidetofindtheirexactlocation.
太空
现代占星学告诉我们星体即球体，像太空中遥远的太阳。
但是，古代人们不能用科学的方法来解释很多自然现象，因此，他们就通过想象用美丽的故事来解释他们所看到的事情。
在中国我们也有很多关于太阳，月亮和星星的古老的故事，如“牛郎织女”等。
现在，现代科技已经把人类带入了外太空。
人们已经实现了月球漫步的梦想。
他们甚至把家用设施发射到火星上去了。
我们中国制造的“神舟”宇宙飞船也已进入太空。
据说，在不久的将来中国也将踏上月球。
人造卫星发射到太空也已经成为我们普通生活的一部分。
他们被用来提供天气预报，给地球拍照，连接国际电话以及帮助全球的人定位。
PeriodOne WarmingUp&Reading—Pre-reading
匹配左边的单词和右边的汉语意思
[第一组]
1．astronomy A．太阳的；日光的
2．solarB．宗教；宗教信仰
3．systemC．天文学
4．religionD．原子
5．atomE．系统；体系；制度
答案 1.C 2.A 3.E 4.B 5.D
[第二组]
6．violentA．大气层；气氛
7．carbonB．碳
8．atmosphereC．基本的；基础的
9．fundamentalD．猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的
10．dissolveE．溶解；解散
答案 6.D 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.E
[第三组]
11．acidA．氧
12．chainB．链子；连锁；锁链
13．multiplyC．酸
14．oxygenD．两栖动物
15．amphibianE．乘；增加
答案 11.C 12.B 13.E 14.A 15.D
[第四组]
16．reptileA．哺乳动物
17．dinosaurB．恐龙
18．mammalC．因此；于是
19．thusD．爬行动物；爬虫
20．dioxideE．二氧化物
答案 16.D 17.B 18.A 19.C 20.E
Ⅰ.Doyouknowtheeightplanetscirclingaroundthesuninoursolarsystem？
Ifso，pleasematchthemwiththeChinesemeaning.
1．Uranus A．水星
2．VenusB．金星
3．EarthC．海王星
4．MarsD．天王星
5．MercuryE．木星
6．JupiterF．地球
7．NeptuneG．火星
8．SaturnH．土星
答案 1.D 2.B 3.F 4.G 5.A 6.E 7.C 8.H
Ⅱ.Whatdoyouknowabouttheoriginoflifeontheearth?
答案 略
Ⅰ.Skimthetextandchoosethebestanswer.
Thetextmainlytellsus.
A．howtheearthcameintobeing
B．thedevelopmentofhumans
C．theformationoftheearthandthedevelopmentoflifeonit
D．howlifeappearedontheearth
答案 C
Ⅱ.Matcheachparagraphwithitsmainidea.
Para.1 A．Howhumansappearedandwhateffectstheyhadontheearth.
Para.2B．Waterisveryimportanttolifeontheearth.
Para.3C．Howtheearthformed.
Para.4D．Howtheplantsandanimalsontheearthdeveloped.
Para.5E．Itiswidelyacceptedthattheuniversebeganwitha“BigBang”．
答案 Para.1：
E Para.2：
C Para.3：
B Para.4：
D
Para.5：
A
Readthepassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswers.
1．Whywaslifeabletodevelopontheearthbutnotonotherplanets?
A．Becausetheearthhadasolidshape.
B．Becausetheearthdidnothaveharmfulgasesinitsatmosphere.
C．Becausewaterstayedontheearthbutnotonotherplanets.
D．Becausetheearthwasneithertoohotnortoocold.
答案 C
2．Whywasitnecessaryforplantstogrowbeforeanimals?
A．Becauseanimalsneededplantstoprotectthemfromthesun.
B．Becauseplantsprovidedoxygenforanimalstobreathe.
C．Becauseanimalscouldhidefromhuntersintheforest.
D．Becauseitwaseasierforplantstogrow.
答案 B
3．Whatisthecorrectorderaccordingtothepassage?
①Thecleveranimalswithhandsandfeetappearedandspreadallovertheearth.
②The“BigBang”．
③Smallplantsbegantoappearonthesurfaceofthewater.
④65millionyearsago，theageofthedinosaursended.
A．②①③④B．④③①②
C．②④③①D．②③④①
答案 D
4．Earlyhumansappearedafterdinosaursdiedoutmillionyearslater.
A．67.6B．62.4C．65D．140
答案 B
5．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?
A．Theformationoftheearth.
B．Thearrivalofhumansandtheirimpactontheearth.
C．Thedevelopmentofplantsandanimalsontheearth.
D．Theoriginoflifeontheearth.
答案 D
Afterunderstandingthepassage，pleasefillinthefollowingblanks.
Theearthwasjust1.acloudofdustafterthe“BigBang”．Theearthexploded2.loudly（loud）withfireandrock.Theywereintimetoproducemanythings，whichwere3.tomake（make）theearth’satmosphere.Astheearthcooleddown，waterbegantoappearonitssurface.Itallowedtheearthtodissolve4.harmful（harm）gases.Thenlifebegantodevelop.
Smallplantsmultipliedandfilledtheoceansandseaswithoxygen.Thisencouragedthe5.development（develop）ofearlyshellfishandfish.Landanimalssuchasinsects，reptilesanddinosaurs6.appeared（appear）aftergreenplantsbegantogrow.Smallcleveranimalsspreadall7.overtheearth.Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,8.whichpreventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace.9.Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcan10.besolved（solve）．
1．Nooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan，asithappenedsolongago.
[句式分析] 本句为复合句，how引导的是宾语从句；as引导的是原因状语从句。
[自主翻译] 没有人确切地知道地球是怎样形成的，因为在很早以前它就形成了。
2．Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown，waterbegantoappearonitssurface.
[句式分析] 本句为复合句，what引导的是主语从句；that引导的是表语从句，在表语从句中又含有一个as引导的伴随状语从句。
[自主翻译] 更为重要的是，随着地球的冷却，地球的表面开始出现了水。
3．Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.
[句式分析] 本句为复合句。
Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocome是主语从句；whetherthisproblemcanbesolved是宾语从句，作介词on的宾语。
[自主翻译] 所以，在未来的数百万年中，生命能否在地球上延续取决于这个问题能否得到解决。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Theearthistheonlyplanetthatscientiststhinkhaslife.Whydoestheearthhavelifewhiletheotherplanets（行星）don’t？
Foronething，theearthhasjusttherighttemperature.Asthethirdplanetfromthesun，theearthseemstobejusttherightdistanceaway.Theplanetswhichareclosertothesunaresohotbecausetheirsurfacesarebaked（烘烤）inthesun.Thefarthestplanetsarecoldballs.
Whentheearthdeveloped—whichscientistsbelievemayhavehappenedabout4billionyearsago—manygasescoveredtheearth.Thegasescausedtheearthtobehot.Butsomethingwonderfulhappened.Thetemperaturewasjustrightforthickcloudstoform.Itrainedveryhardforaverylongtime.Thisgavetheearthitsoceans.Watermadeitpossibleforplantstogrow.Theplantscreatedoxygenintheatmosphere.Oxygenisthegasthathumansandanimalsbreathe.
Anotherplanetinthesolarsystemseemstobesomethingliketheearth.ThatplanetisMars（火星）．Marsissmallerthantheearth，anditisquiteabitcooler.Butitisnottoocoldforhumans.Onsomedays，thetemperaturesareaslowasawinterdayinthenorthernUnitedStates.Ifyouworeaspecialspacesuit，youcouldwalkaroundonMars.Youwouldhavetobringyourownairtobreathe，astheaironMarsistoothintobreathe.
Marshasthelargestvolcano（火山）inthesolarsystem.Itissixteenmileshigh.Thehighestvolcanoontheearthisfivemileshigh.ThemostunexpectedsightonMarsisdried-upriverbeds.ScientistsbelievethatMarswasoncemuchbetterthanitisnow.DoesthismeantherecouldhavebeenlivingthingsonMars？
Scientistsarenotsure，buttherehasbeennosignsofar.
语篇解读 地球适合人类生存在于它有足够的氧气、适宜的温度等。
科学家发现火星存在适合人类生存的条件。
1．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonwhytheearthhaslife?
A．Theearthhasjusttherighttemperature.
B．ThevolcanoesontheeartharelowerthanthoseonMars.
C．Thereisoxygenintheatmosphereoftheearth.
D．Theearthseemstobejusttherightdistanceawayfromthesun.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。
根据第一段中的第四句和第二段中的最后两句可知，地球是可证实的唯一有生命存在的太阳系行星，其原因包括地球合适的温度、与太阳距离适中和大气里含有氧气等。
B项中的火山与此无关。
2．Theunderlinedphrase“thethirdplanet”inthefirstparagraphreferstothe.
A．sunB．moonC．earthD．Mars
答案 C
解析 词义猜测题。
根据第一段内容可知距离太阳第三远的行星指的是地球。
3．WhichofthefollowingaboutMarsisNOTtrue?
A．TherecouldhavebeenlivingthingsonMars.
B．Marshasthelargestvolcanointhesolarsystem.
C．ThereisalmostnooxygenintheaironMars.
D．Marsissmallerthantheearth，anditisquiteabitcooler.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。
从最后一段中的“...dried-upriverbeds”和最后两句可知，火星上有干涸河床的迹象，但这一点并不能证实火星上存在过生命，因为没有发现生命迹象，故A项不正确。
其他三项都与文章相符。
B
GlennwasbornonJuly18,1921，inCambridgeandgrewupinnearbyNewConcord，Ohio.Hestartedhisflyingcareerasafighterpilot.Later，Glenntookadangerousjobasatestpilot，flyingnewplanestoseeiftheyweresafe.
Inthelate1950s，a“spacerace”beganbetweentheU．S.andtheSovietUnion.Bothcountrieswantedtobethefirsttosendahumanintospace，includingtothemoon.In1961，aRussianastronaut，YuriGagarin，orbitedEarth.Butthespaceracewasnotoveryet.Glenn’schancetogointospacecameonFebruary20,1962.Bythattime，anotherAmerican，AlanB．Shepard，hadflowninspace，buthehadnotorbitedEarth.Glenn’sflightwasairedliveontelevisionandradio.Americanseverywherestoppedtowatch.
Glenn’sFriendship7capsulecircledtheplanetthreetimes.AfaultyequipmentledGlenntobelievethecapsulemightburnuponitsreturntoEarth，butintheenditsplasheddownsafelyintheAtlanticOcean.HebecamethefirstAmericantoorbitEarthinaspaceship.
In1984，Glennranforpresident，buthedidnotgetenoughsupportanddroppedoutoftherace.GlennreturnedtospaceonOctober29,1998，whenhewas77.HespentninedaysonthespaceshuttleDiscovery.Glennwentsothatscientistscouldknowtheeffectsofspacetravelonolderpeople.Heholdstherecordforbeingtheoldestpersoninspace.GlenndiedonThursday，December8,2016，attheageof95.
Glennrefusedtoseehimselfasahero.Hepreferredtofocusonhisworkandsaid，“Ifthereisonething
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