高考英语全国卷七选五历年真题Word版含答案.docx

高考英语全国卷七选五历年真题Word版含答案.docx

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高考英语全国卷七选五历年真题Word版含答案

高考英语阅读专题练习七选五

2010北京卷Muzak

Thenexttimeyougointoabank,astore,orasupermarket,stopandlisten.Whatdoyouhear?

71It'ssimilartothemusicyoulistento,butit'snotexactlythesame.That'sbecausethismusicwasespeciallydesignedtorelaxyou,ortogiveyouextraenergy.Sometimesyoudon'tevenrealizethemusicisplaying,butyoureacttothemusicanyway.

Quietbackgroundmusicusedtobecalled"elevator（电梯）music"becauseweoftenhearditinelevators.Butlatelywehearitinmoreandmoreplaces,andithasanewname"Muzak".Aboutone-thirdofthepeopleinAmericalistento"Muzak"everyday.Themusicplaysfor15minutesatatime,withshortpausesinbetween.Itisalwaysmorelivelybetweentenandeleveninthemorning,andbetweenthreeandfourintheafternoon,whenpeoplearemoretired.____72_____

IfyoulistentoMuzakcarefully,youwillprobablyrecognizethenamesofmanyofthesongs.Somemusiciansorsongwritersdon'twanttheirsongstobeusedasMuzak,butothersarehappywhentheirsongsarechosen.Why?

73

Musicisoftenplayedinpublicplacesbecauseitisdesignedtomakepeoplefeellesslonelywhentheyareinanairportorahotel.IthasbeenproventhatMuzakdoeswhatitisdesignedtodo.TiredofficeworkerssuddenlyhavemoreenergywhentheyhearthepleasantsoundofMuzakinthebackground.74Supermarketshoppersbuy38percentmoregroceries.

75.Theysayit'sboringtohearthesamesongsallthetime.ButotherpeopleenjoyhearingMuzakinpublicplaces.Theysayithelpsthemrelaxandfeelcalm.Onewayoranother,Muzakaffectseveryone.SomefarmersevensaytheircowsgivemoremilkwhentheyhearMuzak!

A.Somepeopledon'tlikeMuzak.

B.Themusicgivesthemextraenergy.

C.Musicisplayinginthebackground.

D.Factoryworkersproduce13percentmore.

E.Muzaktendstohelppeopleunderstandmusicbetter.

F.Theygetasmuchas$4millionayeariftheirsongsareused.

G.Muzakisplayedinmostofthebigsupermarketsintheworld.

2011北京卷Publicspeakingandcriticalthinking

Whatiscriticalthinking?

Toacertaindegree,it’samatteroflogic（逻辑）—ofbeingabletospotweaknessesinotherpeople’sargumentandtoavoidtheminyourown,italsoincludesrelatedskillssuchasdistinguishingfactfromopinionandassessingthesoundnessofevidence.

Inthebroadsense,criticalthinkingisfocused,organizedthinking—theabilitytoseeclearlytheirrelationshipsamongideas.71Thegreatestthinkers,scientistsandinventorshaveoftentakentheirinformationthatwasreadilyavailableandputittogetherdifferentlytoproducenewideasthat,too,iscriticalthinking.

72Astheclassgoeson,forexample,youwillprobablyspendagooddealoftimeorganizingyourspeeches.Whilethismayseemlikeapurelymechanical（机械的）exercise,itiscloselyconnectedwithcriticalthinking.Ifthestructureofyourspeechislooseandconfused,chancesarethatyourthinkingisalsodisorderedandconfused.If,ontheotherhand,thestructureisclear,thereisagoodchanceyourthinkingistoo.Organizingaspeechisnotamatterofarrangingtheideasyoualreadyhave.73

Whatistrueoforganizationistrueofmanyaspectsofpublicspeaking.74Asyouworkonexpressingyourideasinclear,accuratelanguage,youwillimproveyourabilitytothinkclearlyandaccurately.75Asyoulearntolistencriticallytospeechesinclass.Youwillbebetterabletoassesstheideasofspeakersinavarietyofsituations.

Ifyoutakefulladvantageofyourspeechclass,youwillbeabletodevelopyourskillsascriticalthinkerinmanycircumstances.ThisisonereasonpublicspeakinghasbeenregardedasavitalpartofeducationsincethedaysofancientGreece.

A.Rather,itisanimportantpartofshapingtheideasthemselves.

B.Thismayseemlikealotoftime,buttherewardsarewellworthit.

C.Itmayalsohelpyoutoknowthatthereisnosuchthingasaperfectspeech.

D.Ithasoftenbeensaidthattherearefewnewideasintheworld,onlyreorganizedideas.

E.Ifyouarewonderingwhatthishastodowithyourpublicspeakingclass,theanswerisquitealot.

F.Theskillsyoulearninyourspeechclasscanhelpyoubecomeamoreeffectivethinkerinanumberofways.

G.Asyoustudytheroleofevidenceandreasoninginspeechmaking,youwillseehowtheycanbeusedinotherformsofcommunicationaswell.

2012北京卷Empathy

Lastyear,researchersfromtheUniversityofMichiganreportedthatempathy,theabilitytounderstandotherpeople,amongcollegestudentshaddroppedsharplyoverthepast10years.__71__Today,peoplespendmoretimealoneandarelesslikelytojoingroupsandclubs.

JenniferFreed,aco-directorofateenprogram,hasanotherexplanation.TurnontheTV,andyou’reshoweredwithnewsandrealityshowsfullofpeoplefighting,competing,andgenerallytreatingoneanotherwithnorespect.__72__

Therearegoodreasonsnottofollowthosebadexamples.Humansaresociallyrelatedbynature.__73__Researchershavealsofoundthatempatheticteenagersaremorelikelytohavehighself-respect.Besides,empathycanbeacureforloneliness,sadness,anxiety,andfear.

Empathyisalsoanindicationofagoodleader.Infact,Freedsays,manytopcompaniesreportthatempathyisoneofthemostimportantthingstheylookforinnewmanagers.__74__“Academicsareimportant.Butifyoudon’thaveemotional（情感的）intelligence,youwon’tbeassuccessfulinworkorinyourlovelife,”shesays.

What’sthebestwaytoupyourEQ（情商）?

Forstarters,letdownyourguardandreallylistentoothers.__75__

Toreallydevelopempathy,you’dbettervolunteeratanursinghomeorahospital,joinacluborateamthathasadiversemembership,havea“sharingcircle”withyourfamily,orspendtimecaringforpetsatananimalshelter.

A.Everyoneisdifferent,andlevelsofempathydifferfrompersontoperson.

B.Thatcouldbebecausesomanypeoplehavereplacedfacetimewithscreentime,theresearcherssaid.

C.“Onedoesn’tdevelopempathybyhavingalotofopinionsanddoingalotoftalking,”Freedsays.

D.Humanslearnbyexample—andmostoftheexamplesonitareanythingbutempathetic.

E.Empathyisamatteroflearninghowtounderstandsomeoneelse—bothwhattheythinkandhowtheyfeel.

F.Goodsocialskills—includingempathy—areakindof“emotionalintelligence”thatwillhelpyousucceedinmanyareasoflife.

G.Havingrelationshipswithotherpeopleisanimportantpartofbeinghuman—andhavingempathyisdecisivetothoserelationships.

北京卷2013Urbanization

Untilrelativelyrecently,thevastmajorityofhumanbeingslivedanddiedwithouteverseeingacity.Thefirstcitywasprobablyfoundednomorethan5,500yearsago.71_.Infact,nearlyeveryonelivedonfarmsorintinyrural（乡村的）villages.Itwasnotuntilthe20thcenturythatGreatBritainbecamethefirsturbansocietyinhistory—asocietyinwhichthemajorityofpeopleliveincitiesanddonotfarmforaliving.

Britainwasonlythebeginning.72_.Theprocessofurbanization—themigration（迁移）ofpeoplefromthecountrysidetothecity—wastheresultofmodernization,whichhasrapidlytransformedhowpeopleliveandwheretheylive.

In1990,fewerthan40%ofAmericanslivedinurbanareas.Today,over82%ofAmericansliveincities.Onlyabout2%liveonfarms.73.

Largecitieswereimpossibleuntilagriculturebecameindustrialized.Eveninadvancedagriculturalsocieties.Ittookaboutninety-fivepeopleonfarmstofeedfivepeopleincities._74.Untilmoderntimes,thoselivingincitiesweremainlytherulingelite（精英）andtheservants,laborersandprofessionalswhoservedthem.Citiessurvivedbytaxingfarmersandwerelimitedinsizebytheamountofsurplusfoodthattheruralpopulationproducedandbytheabilitytomovethissurplusfromfarmtocity.

Overthepasttwocenturies,theIndustrialRevolutionhasbrokenthisbalancebetweenthecityandthecountry.75_.Today,insteadofneedingninety-fivefarmerstofeedfivecitypeople,oneAmericanfarmerisabletofeedmorethanahundrednon-farmers.

A.Thatkeptcitiesverysmall.

B.Therestliveinsmalltowns.

C.Theeffectsofurbanlivingonpeopleshouldbeconsidered.

D.Soonmanyotherindustrialnationsbecomeurbansocieties.

E.Buteven200yearsago,onlyafewpeoplecouldliveincities.

F.Modernizationdrewpeopletothecitiesandmadefarmersmoreproductive.

G.Moderncitieshavedestroyedsocialrelationsandthehealthofhumanbeings.

2014北京卷EvaluatingSources（来源）ofhealthInformation

Makinggoodchoicesaboutyourownhealthrequiresreasonableevaluation.Akeyfirststepinbetteringyourevaluationabilityistolookcarefullyatyoursourcesofhealthyinformation.Reasonableevaluationincludesknowingwhereandhowtofindsrelevantinformation,howtoseparatefactfromopinions,howtorecognizepoorreasoning,andhowtoanalyzeinformationandthereliabilityofsources.    71

Gototheoriginalsource.Mediareportsoftensimplifytheresultsofmedicalresearch.Findoutforyourselfwhatastudyreallyreported,anddeterminewhetheritwasbasedongoodscience.Thinkaboutthetypeofstudy.   72

Watchformisleadinglanguage.Somestudieswillfindthatabehavior“contributesto”oris“associatedwith”anoutcome;thisdoesnotmeanthatacertaincoursemustleadtoacertainresult.  73    Carefullyreadorlistentoinformationinordertofullyunderstandit.

Useyourcommonsense.Ifareportseemstoogoodtobetrue,probablyitis.Beespeciallycarefulofinformationcontainedinadvertisements.   74  Evaluate“scientific”statementscarefully,andbeawareofquackery（江湖骗术）.