小镇畸人 英文论文.docx

小镇畸人 英文论文.docx

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小镇畸人英文论文

Abstract:

Winesburg,OhioisSherwoodAnderson’smasterpieceandalsooneoftheimportantbooksinAmericanliterature.ThispaperintendstopsychoanalyzethegrotesquecharactersinWinesburg,OhioaccordingtoFreud’stheoryofUnconsciousness.ByanalyzingthecharacterswithFreud’stheoryofthreelevelsofpersonalities—id,superegoandego,anddiscussingthetransitionalsocietywithitsgreatimpactonpeople’smoralprinciple,wecouldseethatlackoflove,sexualrepressionandincapabilityofcommunicationarethefundamentalreasonsforthesesmall-townpeople’sgrotesqueness.

Keywords:

SherwoodAnderson;Winesburg,Ohio;Freudianpsychoanalysis；grotesques

摘要：

《小镇畸人》是美国作家舍伍德•安德森的代表作，也是美国文学史中的经典著作之一。

本文通过运用弗洛依德的无意识论对小说小镇畸人中的畸人形象进行心理分析。

通过自我，本我，超我三个层次对人物性格进行分析，并且讨论了在过渡时期的社会对人民的道德准则产生了巨大影响。

我们可以看到小镇中的人们变成畸人的根本原因是爱的缺失，性的压抑以及交际能力的丧失。

关键词：

舍伍德·安德森；小镇畸人；弗洛依德心理分析；畸人

APsychoanalysisoftheGrotesquesin

SherwoodAnderson’sWinesburg,Ohio

1.Introduction

Winesburg,OhioisSherwoodAnderson’smasterpieceandalsooneoftheimportantbooksinAmericanliterature.Therearetwentyfiveshortstoriesinthebookportrayingtwentythreegrotesqueswhohadgreatpassionforloveandunderstandingbutweredestroyedinthemachineage.ThispaperintendstoanalyzethecharacterswithFreud’stheoryofthreelevelsofpersonalities,andrevealthegrotesquestodetectthecharacters’psychoworld.

Itcanberoughlydividedintofiveparts,thefirstpartistheintroduction,introducingthecentralthesisandtheframeworkofthepaper.ThesecondpartisanintroductiontoSherwoodAndersonandhisWinesburg,Ohio,itaimstointroduceAnderson’sfrustratinglifetimeandhiswork:

Winesburg,Ohio.ThethirdpartmainlytalksabouttheFreud’stheoryofunconsciousness.Thefourthpartdealswiththedetailedinterpretationofthegrotesquecharactersinthebookwiththetheoryofpersonalities—id,superegoandego.Thelastpartistheconclusionofthispaper.Byanalyzingthereflectionofid,superegoandegoincharacterswecangetaclearunderstandingoftheirgrotesquebehaviorandthedirectreasonsfortheirbeinggrotesques:

theytotallylostthemselvesinthetransitionalsocietymovingfromagriculturetoindustryinwhichsocialmoralityandprinciplechangeddramatically.

Throughprofoundanalysisoftheseparts,wecouldseethatthealienation,lackoflove,sexualrepressionandincapabilityofcommunicationarethefundamentalreasonsforthesesmall-townpeople’sgrotesqueness.

2.AGeneralReviewofSherwoodAndersonandHisWinesburg,Ohio

SherwoodAnderson（1876-1941）isregardedasamajorfigureofmodernliterature.WilliamFaulknercalledhim“thefatherofmygenerationofAmericanwritersandthetraditionofAmericanwritingwhichoursuccessorwillcarryon.”（Yang,1986:

25）AndersonwasborninapoorfamilyinCamden,Ohio,amid-westernAmericanstate,whichinspiredthesettingofmanyofhisstories.Becauseofthepoorcondition,hisfatherbegantoimmersehimselfinalcoholwhenAnderson’smotherdied,itwasAnderson’sdutytosustainthewholefamily.Hehadmanyjobssuchasafactoryworker,ahousepainter,afarmhand,andfinallyhebecameaverysuccessfulbusinessmanatage36.Bytheturnofthecentury,ChicagohadbecomeaculturalcenterintheMid-westandhegottoknowCarlSandburg,TheodoreDreiser,whoinspiredhimtopublishhisnovels.Afterpublishinghiscollectionsofshortstories,hehadestablishedtheinternationalreputationasoneofthebestmodernwriters.

In1919,Andson’sfirststory,WindyMcPherson’sSonwaspublished,whichdescribedason’sresentmentagainsthisfather.Nextyear,MarchingMenfollowedittopublish.Butbothofthesehavelittleimportance.In1921,Andersonpublishedhis“DialPrize”winningnovelPoorWhite.Inthisnovel,hedescribedasmallMid-westerntownchangedbytheindustrialrevolution.Andersonalsopublishedsomeothernovels,suchas:

TheTriumphoftheEgg（1921）,HorsesandMen（1923）,ManyMarriages（1923）,DarkLaughter（1925）,DeathintheWoods（1933）,KitBrandon（1936）,buttheseworkscouldn’tparallelwithWinesburg,Ohioindepthandinliteraryskill.HeshottofamewithhismasterpieceWinesburg,Ohio“whichgavehimaforemostpositionincontemporaryAmericanletters.”（Chang,1990:

125）

Anderson’slifeexperienceandhisattitudetowardthesocietydeeplyaffectedhismasterpieceWinesburg,Ohio,whichwasacollectionoftwenty-fivelooselyboundbutcloselyrelatedshortstoriessetinthesmalltownofWinesburginthelatterpartofthenineteenthcentury.ThecollectionwasasystematicexplorationofMiddleWesterners’livingsituationduringthetransitionalperiodinAmericanhistory.Inthesestories,Andersonportrayedwithbothcompassionandclinicalaccuracythesecretlivesofpeoplewhohavebeenirreparablythwartedandfrustrat