英语阅读理解科普环保模拟试题及解析.docx

英语阅读理解科普环保模拟试题及解析.docx

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英语阅读理解科普环保模拟试题及解析

英语阅读理解（科普环保）模拟试题及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类

1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

   GardenerssuchasPrinceCharleswhoclaimthattalkingtoplantsencouragesthemtogrowhavelongbeenseenasalittlesilly.ButscientistshavediscoveredevidencewhichsuggeststheRoyalmayactuallyberightandtheycouldbelisteningtohim.BiologistsatTelAvivUniversityinIsraelhavefoundthatflowerscanactasaplant's"ears"tohelpthemdetectthesoundofapproachinginsects.

   Whentheresearchersplayedrecordingsofflyingbeestoeveningprimroseflowers,withinthreeminutesthesugarconcentrationsinthenectar（花蜜）ofitsflowersincreased.Thefluid,producedtoattractpollinating（授粉）insects,wasonaverage20percenthigherinflowersexposedtothebuzzcomparedtothoseleftinsilenceorexposedtohigherpitchedsounds.ProfessorLilachHadany,wholedthestudy,said:

"Ourresultsdocumentforthefirsttimethatplantscanrapidlyrespondtopollinatorsoundsinanecologicallyrelevantway."

   However,ProfHadanysaidaplant'sabilitytorespondtopollinatorsmaybeweakenedincityenvironmentsorbesideabusyroad.Whileplantsrequirewater,sunlightandtherighttemperaturetogrow,itiswidelybelievedtheydonothavesensesinthewayanimalsdo.

   Butthestudy,publishedontheopen-sciencewebsiteBioRxiv,suggeststheeffortsofgardenerswhotalktotheirplantsmaynotbeinvain."Plants'abilitytohearhasimplicationswellbeyondpollination—plantscouldpotentiallyhearandrespondtoherbivores,otheranimals,theelements,andpossiblyotherplants,"ProfHadanyadded.

   Amonth-longexperimentconductedbytheRoyalHorticulturalSocietyin2009foundfemalevoicesappeartospeedupthegrowthoftomatoes.Theresearchoffersapossibleexplanation—women'svoiceswereattherightfrequencyfortheplantstohear.

（1）What'seveningprimroseflowers'responsetobees'buzz?

A. Longerbloom.                

B. Sweeternectar.                

C. Brightercolor.                

D. Lessfluid.

（2）WherecanplantsgrowbetteraccordingtoHadany?

A. Onasquare.            

B. Besideahighway.            

C. Inthewoods.            

D. Alongthestreet.

（3）Whatcanweinferfromtheresearch?

A. PrinceCharlesproveskindofstupid.

B. Plantscanonlypotentiallyhearanimals.

C. Plantsrespondtosoundsslowlyandecologically.

D. Plantsgardenerstalktofrequentlydevelopwell.

（4）Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

A. Flowerscanhear.                                              

B. Beesarebestpollinators.

C. Plantscan'tgrowwithoutsound.                   

D. Women'svoicesimproveplants'growth.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）C

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人与植物的交流可以促其生长。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Whentheresearchersplayedrecordingsofflyingbeestoeveningprimroseflowers,withinthreeminutesthesugarconcentrationsinthenectar（花蜜）ofitsflowersincreased.”可知，蜜蜂飞到夜来香花，在三分钟内其花朵花蜜的糖的浓度会增加，所以花蜜会更甜。

故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“However,ProfHadanysaidaplant'sabilitytorespondtopollinatorsmaybeweakenedincityenvironmentsorbesideabusyroad.”哈达尼教授认为，植物对传粉者做出反应的能力可能会在城市环境或繁忙道路旁减弱。

从而推断可知，在丛林里的植物生长得更好。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第四段中的“Butthestudy,publishedontheopen-sciencewebsiteBioRxiv,suggeststheeffortsofgardenerswhotalktotheirplantsmaynotbeinvain.”研究表明，园丁们和他们的植物交谈的努力可能不会白费。

从而推断可知，园丁经常与植物交谈，生长得更好。

故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段“GardenerssuchasPrinceCharleswhoclaimthattalkingtoplantsencouragesthemtogrowhavelongbeenseenasalittlesilly.ButscientistshavediscoveredevidencewhichsuggeststheRoyalmayactuallyberightandtheycouldbelisteningtohim.BiologistsatTelAvivUniversityinIsraelhavefoundthatflowerscanactasaplant's"ears"tohelpthemdetectthesoundofapproachinginsects.”及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述人与植物的交流可以促其生长。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．犇犇阅读下面文章，然后从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出每个问题的最佳选项。

   Whenweseeapersonintrouble,thefirstideathatcomestoourmindistolendahand.Butwhatifweseeananimalintrouble,doesthesameruleapply?

   Thisquestionwasraisedafteragroupofpenguinsweresavedfromanicygully（峡谷）inAntarctica.ItwasfilmedfortheBBCwildlifeseriesDynasties.Thefilmcrewwereanxiouswhentheysawthatagroupofpenguinshadfallenintoagullyandbeentrappedwiththeiryoung.Theybuiltaslope（斜坡）sothatafewofthepenguinscouldsavethemselves.

   Thecasehastakentheinternationalmediabystorm.Viewerswatchingthisfilmletoutasighofrelief."I'msoglad.Iunderstandnottakingactiondirectly,butahelpinghandisn'tbothering,right?

"viewerKathrynShawsaidonherFacebook.

   However,othersthinkhumaninterference（干涉）isunnatural."Youcan'thavesunshinethroughoutyourlife.Tohavedoneanything