专题05阅读理解自然环保类 备战高考英语母题题源解密全国通用解析版.docx

专题05阅读理解自然环保类 备战高考英语母题题源解密全国通用解析版.docx

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专题05阅读理解自然环保类备战高考英语母题题源解密全国通用解析版

专题05阅读理解（自然环保类）

【母题来源一】2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（甲卷）

【母题题文】

PortLympneReserve,whichrunsabreeding（繁育）programme,haswelcomedthearrivalofarareblackrhinocalf（犀牛幼崽）.WhenthetinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31,shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthereserve.AndofficialsatPortLympneweredelightedwiththenewarrival,especiallyasblackrhinosareknownforbeingdifficulttobreedincaptivity（圈养）.

PaulBeer,headofrhinosectionatPortLympne,said:

“Obviouslywe’reallabsolutelydelightedtowelcomeanothercalftoourblackrhinofamily.She’shealthy,strongandalreadyeagertoplayandexplore.Hermother,Solio,isafirst-timemumandsheisdoingafantasticjob.It’sstillalittletoocoldforthemtogooutintotheopen,butassoonastheweatherwarmsup,Ihavenodoubtthatthelittleonewillbeoutandaboutexploringandplayingeveryday.”

Theadorablefemalecalfisthesecondblackrhinobornthisyearatthereserve,butitistooearlytotellifthecalveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild.ThefirstrhinotobebornatPortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirst-timemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kg.Hismother,grandmotherandgreatgrandmotherwereallbornatthereserveandstilllivethere.

AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund,theglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5500,givingtherhinosa“criticallyendangered”status.

4.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebreedingprogramme?

A.Costly.B.Controversial.C.Ambitious.D.Successful.

5.WhatdoesPaulBeersayaboutthenew-bornrhino?

A.Shelovesstayingwithhermother.B.Shedislikesoutdooractivities.

C.Sheisingoodcondition.D.Sheissensitivetoheat.

6.WhatsimilarexperiencedoSolioandKisimahave?

A.TheyhadtheirfirstborninJanuary.B.Theyenjoyedexploringnewplaces.

C.Theylivedwiththeirgrandmothers.D.Theywerebroughttothereserveyoung.

7.WhatcanbeinferredaboutPornLympneReserve?

A.Therhinosectionwillbeopentothepublic.

B.Itaimstocontrolthenumberoftheanimals

C.ItwillcontinuetoworkwiththeWorldWildlifeFund.

D.Someofitsrhinosmaybesenttotheprotectedwildareas.

【试题解析】

4.D

推理判断题。

根据首段信息“…blackrhinosareknownforbeingdifficulttobreedincaptivity（圈养）.”可知黑犀牛以难以圈养繁殖而闻名，另外，“Shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthereserve.”可知这是保护区出生的第40只黑犀牛。

由此判断保护区的繁殖计划非常成功，故选D。

5.C

细节理解题。

根据第二段中信息“She'shealthy,strongandalreadyeagertoplayandexplore.”可知，她健康，强壮，并且渴望玩耍和探索，由此判断这头新出生的黑犀牛幼崽状况良好。

故选C。

6.A

推理判断题。

根据第一段中信息“WhenthetinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31”和第二段中信息“Hermother,Solio,isafirst-timemum...”可知索里奥是1月第一次当妈妈。

再根据第三段中信息“ThefirstrhinotobebornatPortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirst-timemotherKisima...”可知，1月5日，在林普恩港出生的第一头犀牛来到了它的第一位母亲基西马身边，由此推断Solio和Kisima都是在一月首次产黑犀牛幼崽，故选A。

7.D

推理判断题。

根据第三段首句可知，这头小犀牛是今年在保护区出生的第二头黑犀牛，但要判断是否能够为返回野生保护区的还为时过早。

由此推断，有些犀牛可能会被送到野生保护区。

故选D。

【母题来源二】2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（乙卷）

【母题题文】

You’veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?

ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.

Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled“Strawpocalypse,”apairof10-foot-tallplasticwaves,frozenmid-crash.Madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfromseveralvolunteerbeachcleanups,thesculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.

Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource（来源）ofplasticpollution,butthey’verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon’tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.Everystrawthat'spartofVonWong'sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.

Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate（说明）aspecificstatistic:

Every60seconds,atruckload'sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled“TruckloadofPlastic,”VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey’dbeendumped（倾倒）fromatruckallatonce.

VonWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheirplasticfootprint.

28.WhatareVonWong’sartworksintendedfor?

A.Beautifyingthecityhelivesin.

B.Introducingeco-friendlyproducts.

C.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste.

D.Reducinggarbageonthebeach.

29.Whydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinp