The Craniotomy Atlas.pdf

The Craniotomy Atlas.pdf

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TheCraniotomyAtlasEditorAndreasRaabe,MDProfessor,Chairman,andDirectorDepartmentofNeurosurgeryInselspital,BernUniversityHospitalBern,SwitzerlandAssociateEditorsBernhardMeyer,MDProfessor,Chairman,andDirectorDepartmentofNeurosurgeryUniversityHospitalrechtsderIsarTechnicalUniversityofMunichMunich,GermanyKarlSchaller,MDProfessor,Chairman,andDirectorDivisionofNeurosurgeryDepartmentofClinicalNeurosciencesUniversityHospitalofGenevaGeneva,SwitzerlandPeterVajkoczy,MDProfessor,Chairman,andDirectorDepartmentofNeurosurgeryCharit-UniversittsmedizinBerlinBerlin,GermanyPeterA.Winkler,MDProfessor,Chairman,andDirectorDepartmentofNeurosurgeryUniversityHospitalSalzburgUniversitySalzburg,Austria926illustrationsThiemeStuttgartNewYorkDelhiRiodeJaneiroLibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataisavailablefromthepublisherImportantnote:

Medicineisanever-changingscienceundergoingcontinualdevelopment.Researchandclinicalexperiencearecontin-uallyexpandingourknowledge,inparticularourknowledgeofpropertreatmentanddrugtherapy.Insofarasthisbookmentionsanydosageorapplication,readersmayrestassuredthattheauthors,editors,andpublishershavemadeeveryefforttoensurethatsuchreferencesareinaccordancewiththestateofknowledgeatthetimeofproductionofthebook.Nevertheless,thisdoesnotinvolve,imply,orexpressanyguaranteeorresponsibilityonthepartofthepublishersinrespecttoanydosageinstructionsandformsofapplicationsstatedinthebook.Everyuserisrequestedtoexaminecarefullythemanufacturersleafletsaccompany-ingeachdrugandtocheck,ifnecessaryinconsultationwithaphysicianorspecialist,whetherthedosageschedulesmentionedthereinorthecontraindicationsstatedbythemanufacturersdifferfromthestatementsmadeinthepresentbook.Suchexaminationisparticularlyimportantwithdrugsthatareeitherrarelyusedorhavebeennewlyreleasedonthemarket.Everydosagescheduleoreveryformofapplicationusedisentire-lyattheusersownriskandresponsibility.Theauthorsandpublishersrequesteveryusertoreporttothepublishersanydiscrepanciesorinac-curaciesnoticed.Iferrorsinthisworkarefoundafterpublication,erratawillbepostedontheproductdescriptionpage.Someoftheproductnames,patents,andregistereddesignsreferredtointhisbookareinfactregisteredtrademarksorproprietarynameseventhoughspecificreferencetothisfactisnotalwaysmadeinthetext.Therefore,theappearanceofanamewithoutdesignationasproprietaryisnottobeconstruedasarepresentationbythepublisherthatitisinthepublicdomain.2019.Thieme.Allrightsreserved.Inselspitalholdscopyrighttoallphotographsandillustrationsusedinthisworkunlessotherwisestated.UsedwithpermissionfromInselspital,BernUniversityHospital,Bern,Switzerland.ThiemePublishersStuttgartRdigerstrasse14,70469Stuttgart,Germany+4907118931421,customerservicethieme.deThiemePublishersNewYork333SeventhAvenue,NewYork,NY10001USA+18007823488,ThiemePublishersDelhiA-12,SecondFloor,Sector-2,Noida-201301UttarPradesh,India+911204556600,customerservicethieme.inThiemePublishersRiodeJaneiro,ThiemePublicaesLtda.EdifcioRodolphodePaoli,25andarAv.NiloPeanha,50Sala2508RiodeJaneiro20020-906Brasil+552131722297Coverdesign:

ThiemePublishingGroupTypesettingbyDiTechProcessSolutions,IndiaPrintedinGermanybyCPIBooks54321ISBN978-3-13-205791-3Alsoavailableasane-book:

eISBN978-3-13-205801-9Thisbook,includingallpartsthereof,islegallyprotectedbycopyright.Anyuse,exploitation,orcommercializationoutsidethenarrowlimitssetbycopyrightlegislationwithoutthepublishersconsentisillegalandlia-bletoprosecution.Thisappliesinparticulartophotostatreproduction,copying,mimeographingorduplicationofanykind,translating,prepara-tionofmicrofilms,andelectronicdataprocessingandstorage.Tomywonderfulwife,Katrin;mychildren,Tanja,Max,andClemens;myparents;myfamily,whoaremylife.Tomyresidents,whoalwaysinspireme.Tomycolleagues,whoarementors,teachers,andfriends.Tothosewhohelptotakecareofmypatients,makingmefeelgratefulfortheirefforts.Tomypatients,whotrustedmeandwhoweremyreasontostriveforexcellence.AndreasRaabeviiContentsForeword.xiRobertF.SpetzlerForeword.xiiVolkerSeifertPreface.xiiiAcknowledgments.xivCallforSubmissions.xvContributors.xvi1Basics.11.1CraniotomiesOverview.1AndreasRaabeandPeterA.Winkler1.2DifferencebetweenApproachandCraniotomy.3AndreasRaabe1.3CraniotomiesWeHaveOmittedfromThisBookandWhy.3AndreasRaabe,BernhardMeyer,PeterVajkoczy,andKarlSchaller1.4Positioning.41.4.1BasicRules.4AndreasRaabeandJanineAbu-Isa1.4.2Supine.6PhilippeSchucht1.4.3SupineLateral.7ChristianF.FreyschlagandClaudiusThom1.4.4Lateral.9PhilippeSchucht1.4.5LateralObliqueorParkBench.11DanielHnggi1.4.6ParkBench.13DavidBerviniandJanineAbu-Isa1.4.7Prone/Concorde.15ChristianFung1.4.8Semisitting.17AndreasRaabe1.5RigidHeadFixation.20ChristianFung1.6EstheticConsiderationsinNeurosurgicalProcedures.25MihaiA.Constantinescu,IrenaZubak,andAndreasRaabe1.6.1SkinIncision.251.6.2BurrHoles.271.6.3Mini-platesorCraniotomyFixationCaps.281.6.4CraniotomyCaps.28viiiContents1.6.5TheTemporalisMuscle.281.6.6SecondaryProceduresforRestorationofContourafterTemporalMuscleAtrophy.291.7ProtectionoftheDuraMater.30AndreasRaabeandDavidBervini1.7.1PotentialProblemsArisingfromaLacerationoftheDuraMater.301.7.2MeasurestoProtecttheIntegrityoftheDuraMater.301.8SinusLaceration.34SandroKriegandBernhardMeyer1.8.1Introduction.341.8.2PreventionStrategies.341.8.3ManagementofSinusLaceration.351.8.4SpecialConsiderations.361.9FrontalSinusBreachandRepair.37AndreasRaabeandMarcoCaversaccio1.9.1LandmarksfortheFrontalSinus.371.9.2PrinciplesofRepair.381.9.3SurgicalTechniqueforRepairingintheCaseofaFrontalSinusBreach.382Landmarks.392.1SchematicCorticalAnatomy.39AndreasRaabeandPeterA.Winkler2.2CraniocerebralTopography.44IrenaZubak,AndreasRaabe,andKarlSchaller2.2.1Introduction.442.2.2CraniometricPointsandLinesandTheirReferencetoIntracranialStructures.452.2.3SkullBasePoints.502.2.4OtherCranialLandmarks.512.3IdentifyingCorticalLandmarksandFiberTractsinMRI.60J.Goldberg,M.Murek,L.Hni,K.Schaller,andA.Raabe2.3.1Introduction.602.3.2CorticalLandmarksPrimaryMotorandSensoryCortex.602.3.3CorticalLandmarksLanguageAreas.622.3.4CorticalLandmarksPrimaryVisualCortex.632.3.5DeterminingthePositionofImportantFiberTractsonMRICorticospinalTract（CST）.632.3.6DeterminingthePositionofImportantFiberTractsonMRIArcuateFascicle.652.3.7DeterminingthePositionofImportantFiberTractsonMRIOpticalTract.673ConvexityCraniotomies.693.1ConvexityCraniotomyPlanning.69AndreasRaabeandJensFichtner3.2PlanningofCraniotomiesattheSkullConvexitywithouttheUseofNavigation.70FlorianRingelandAndreasKramer3.3SupratentorialConvexityCraniotomy.76PhilippeSchucht4MidlineCraniotomies.80UlrichSureandPhilippDammann4.1Sinus-CrossingCraniotomiesBasicPrinciples.81UlrichSureandPhilippDammannixContents4.2SupratentorialMidlineCraniotomy.844.2.1Frontal.84UlrichSureandPhilippDammann4.2.2Frontoparietal.91UlrichSureandPhilippDammann4.2.3Parieto-occipital.96UlrichSureandPhilippDammann4.3InfratentorialMidlineCraniotomy.1024.3.1InfratentorialSupracerebellar.102UlrichSureandPhilippDammann4.3.2MedianSuboccipital（InvolvingForamenMagnum）.107UlrichSureandPhilippDammann5SkullBaseCraniotomies.1125.1FrontalCraniotomies.1125.1.1Bifrontal.112TorsteinR.MelingandMartonKnig5.2FrontotemporalCraniotomies.1185.2.1FacialNerveAnatomyandProtection.118AndreasRaabeandPeterA.Winkler5.2.2SuperficialTemporalArteryPreservationduringFrontolateralApproaches.124AndreasRaabeandPeterVajkoczy5.2.3Supraorbital.128NikolaiHopfandRobertReisch5.2.4Frontolateral.134AndreasRaabe5.2.5HelsinkiLateralSupraorbital.141JuhaHernesniemiandHugoAndrade-Barazarte5.2.6Pterional.148PeterVajkoczyandAndreasRaabe5.3TemporalCraniotomies.1585.3.1TemporobasalCraniotomy.158BernhardMeyer5.4PosteriorFossa.1645.4.1RetrosigmoidCraniotomy.164MarcosTatagiba,FlorianH.Ebner,andGeorgiosNaros6SkullBaseExtensions.1706.1OrbitozygomaticCraniotomy.170AndreasRaabe6.2Orbitocraniotomy.179DanielHnggi6.3IntraduralAnteriorClinoidectomy.184AndreasRaabeandKarlSchaller6.4Far（Enough）LateralApproach.191AndreasRaabe,JohannesGoldberg,andDavidBervinix7TranssphenoidalApproach.2027.1MicrosurgicalEndonasalApproach.202ChristianF.FreyschlagandClaudiusThom7.2EndoscopicApproach.208HenrySchroederandJrgBaldauf8DecompressiveHemicraniectomy.218JrgenBeck9ApproachestotheOrbita.2249.1FrontolateralApproachtotheOrbit.224TorsteinR.Meling9.2LateralOrbitotomy.230TorsteinR.MelingIndex.235ContentsxiForewordTheCraniotomyAtlas,editedbyProfessorRaabe,isintendedtobearesourceforresidentsandnewneurosurgeonswiththegoalofprovidingpreciseinstructionsforperformingcommonneuro-surgicalexposures.ProfessorRaabeandhiscoauthorshaveusedhigh-qualityoperativephotographsaccompaniedbyexcellentillustrationstocompileanatlasthatfarexceedsexpectations.Thebeautifulstep-by-stepcompilationforeachapproachwillmakethisvolumeanessentialcompanionforeveryneurosurgicalres-identandausefulreferenceforthenewneurosurgeon.Thepre-cisionandattentiontodetailthatwehavecometoexpectfromRaabehasreachedanewhighinthisbook.Withtheintroductionofintraoperativeindocyaninegreenangiographytotheneu