写作课本 相关答案.docx

写作课本 相关答案.docx

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写作课本相关答案

Unit1

DenotationandConnotation（p2）

b

ClassActivities（p3）

2.

Word

Denotation

Connotation

Sentence

apreciousyellowmetal

wealth,value,precious,etc.

Silenceisgold.

moon

purity,tranquility,sth.outofreach,etc.

There’snopointhopingforpeaceinthecountry.It’slikeaskingforthemoon.

ice

waterfrozensothatithasbecomesolid

Theiceinhisvoicewasonlytohidethepain.

redliquidflowingthroughthebodiesofhumansandanimals

familybackground,race,descent,temperament,etc.

ClassroomActivities（p4）

1.

Favorable

Neutral

Unfavorable

unique,quaint

bizarre,abnormal

resolute,steadfast

stubborn,dogged

praise,commend,flatter

lickone’sboots

seniorcitizen

fossil

singlewoman

spinster

2.a.uniqueb.pigheadedc.flatteredd.fossile.spinster

3.a.dob.doc.maked.doe.dof.make

ClassroomActivities（p5）

1.DDABCCB

ClassroomActivities（p7）

2.a.roseb.raisedc.lyingd.laide.layf.stationery

g.stationaryh.principlei.principal

Whenthesubjectiscompound（p8）

Summary

1.Acompoundsubjectwithandtakesapluralverbinmostcases,butwhenitexpressesasingularmeaningorwheneachofthesingularsubjectsisconsideredindividually,ittakesasingularverb.

2.Afteracompoundsubjectwithor,nor,either…or,neither…nor,not…but,theverbagreesinnumberandpersonwiththenearerpartofthesubject.

3.Interveningphrasesorclausesorclausesnotintroducedbycoordinatingconjunctionsdonotaffectthenumberofaverb.Suchphrasesarenormallyintroducedbyprepositionsorprepositionalphrasessuchasaswellas,asmuchas,ratherthan,alongwith,inadditionto,togetherwith,with,plus,andincluding.

Whenthesubjectexpressesquantity（p9）

Summary

1.Phrasesoftime,money,weightandmeasurementnormallytakeasingularverb.

2.Somewordsorphrasessuchasall,most,half,thelast,therest,takeasingularorpluralverb,dependingonthemeaningofthenounorpronounthatfollows.

3.Phraseslikelotsof,heapsof,loadsoftakesingularorpluralverbsdependingontheformofthenounsthatfollow.

4.Insentenceswithmorethanoneormanyamodifyingthesubjectnoun,theverbshouldtakeasingularformthoughitispluralinmeaning.

Whenthesubjectisarelativepronoun,awhat-clause,orinthethere-bestructure（p9）

a.Hewasoneofthecandidateswhowereabletocarryouttheircampaignpledges.

Hewastheonlyoneofthecandidateswhowasabletocarryouthiscampaignpledges.

b.Whathewantsisjustalittlelovefromhisfosterparents.

Whatonethinksandsaysarenotalwaysthesame.

c.Thereisacherrytreeandseveralorchidflowersinthegarden.

Therearehundredsofapplicantsonthewaitinglistforthejob.

Summary

1.Afterarelativepronoun（who,which,that）,theverbhasthesamepersonandnumberastheantecedent（先行词）.

2.Afterawhat-clause,theverbisusuallysingular.Butifthewhat-clauseisinacompoundstructurepluralinmeaning,theverbisinpluralform.

3.Inthethere-bestructure,theverbissingularorpluraldependingonthenumberofthesubject.Thesingularthereismaybeusedtointroduceacompoundsubjectwhenthefirstnounorphraseissingular.

Others（p10）

Summary

1.Indefinitepronounssuchasanybody,anyone,each,everybody,nobody,noone,andsomebodygenerallyrequireasingularverb.

2.Thepronounsanyandnonetakeeithersingularorpluralverbs.

3.Acollectivenountakesasingularverbwhentheclassitnamesisthoughtofasaunit,butapluralverbwhenthemembersoftheclassarethoughtofasindividuals.

4.Titlesofbooks,magazines,movies,newspapers,plays,andtheliketakeasingularverb.

5.Certainnounswhicharepluralinformbutsingularinmeaninggenerallytakeasingularverb.Someofthesearephysics,mechanics,news,statistics,andwhereabouts.

Follow-upexercises（p12-14）

1.a.（mouse）→chicken

b.（politician）→statesman

c.（wind）→breeze

d.（utilize）→drink

e.（ascertaining）→finding

f.（bombarded）→received

g.（opened）→drewback

h.（contain）→accommodate

i.（habits）→customs

2.Thewriter’sattitudechangesfromnegativetopositiveineachpairofsentences.

3.1）experienced2）elapsed3）attempting4）with

5）takeup6）made7）endeavor8）true

4.a.persecuted→prosecuted

b.uninterested→disinterested

c.further→farther

d.farther→further

e.principle→principal

f.accept→except

g.composes→comprises

h.economical→economic

i.√

j.waken→awaked

5.MysisterLuluacceptedascholarshiptostudyintheUK.ShehaddoneverywellinschoolandtheprincipalthoughtthatlivingwithaBritishfamilywouldteachheralot.Mothersaidshewouldlethergoifsheboughtaboxofstationeryandpromisedtowritehomeeveryweek.Shesaidthatshewouldliveuptoherpromiseandshealwaysdoesprettywellinlivinguptoherprinciples.SoonaftershearrivedintheUK.,sheadaptedtohernewenvironment.Hernewlifedidnotaffectheragreatdeal.Sheknewthatasastudentshehadtobeeconomicalandshewasnotself-consciousofherpoorwearingandstrangeaccent.Thesewerethethingsshewasuninterestedin;whatfascinatedherinsteadwastheculturaldifferencesbetweenthetwocountries.Shefoundpeopletherelikedtopaycomplimentsandweremorecreduloustowhatshesaid.Ofcourse,sheneverlaytothemabouthermotherland.Thoughsheexperiencedculturalshockscontinually,shedevelopedafairattitudetowardstheotherculture.Intheproceedingyears,shesettleddownintheUK.andbecameapersonwithanalternativeculturalidentity.

6.a.isb.isexpectedc.hasd.was/ise.isf.was

g.planh.arei.werej.varyk.improvesl.becomes

m.isn.iso.havemade

Unit2

PartⅢGRAMMAR（p22）

Subjectivevs.objective

a.She,meb.mec.himd.shee.whof.whoever

g.Who/Whomh.whom

Summary

1.Subjectivepronounscanbeusedasthesubjectorpartofthepredicateofasentence,whileobjectivepronounscanbeusedastheobjectofeitheraverborapreposition.

2.Bothsubjectiveandobjectivepronounscanbeusedaspartofapredicateandthedifferenceliesinstyle.Ifasubjectivepronounisused,itsoundsformaland,therefore,isusuallypreferredinformalwriting.Ifitisanobjectivepronounthatisused,itsoundscolloquialandis,therefore,preferredininformalspeech.

3.PhraseslikeIthink,Ibelieve,Isuppose,wheninsertedintoaclause,donotaffecttherolesoftheothercomponentsintheclause.

4.Whentheinterrogativepronounisnotthefirstwordofaquestion,standardusagehasnotyetgivenupwhomafteraprepositionorattheendofthequestion:

Forwhomwasthepartygiven?

Youlistenedtowhom?

Withwhomdidyougo?

However,popularusagehasbeenmovingtowardstheeliminationofwhom,especiallywhenitcomesfirstinaquestion.

Whoisitfor?

Whodidyoumeet?

Whoareyoulookingfor?

Singularvs.plural（p23）

Summary

1.Useasingularpronounwhentheintentoftheantecedentissingular.Anindefinitepronoun,likesomeone,everyone,noone,andone,isusuallyconsideredtobesingularpronouns,butsometimesitisusedinthepluralsenseandform.

2.Useapluralpronounwhentheintentoftheantecedentisplural.

Pointofview（p24）

Summary

Oneoftheproblemsaboutthepointofviewisacarelessshiftfromonesubjecttoanotherwithinasentenceorfromonesentencetothenext.Thesolutionistorewritetheparagraphusingaconsistentpresidingpronoun,orpointofview.

Follow-upexercises（p26）

2.a.playaminorrole/beautilityman

b.That’sGreektome.

c.belatedaction/advice

d.Wherethereissmokethere’sfire.

e.anevilcreature

f.walkintothetrap

g.one’sfaceglowingwithhealth

3.（p27）

a.Wemustpracticeeconomy.

b.Itisessentialtocontrolenvironmentalpollution.

c.Wemustarriveatthestationontime.

d.Financialexpendituresshouldbearrangedinorderofpriority.

e.Weshouldspeedupconstructionofurbanhousingsoastoimprovethehousingcondition.

f.Tobeallowedtomakeprofits,privatecapitalhastomeettwoconditions:

1）theprofitsmustbelegal,and2）theymustnotbeexcessive.

g.DuringtheperiodoftheTenthFive-YearPlanwemustneverneglectgrainproduction.Instead,wemuststeadilyincreaseit.

5.a.meb.whoc.Id.me/myselfe.mef.other’s

g.whoh.usi.whomj.Somek.one’sl.hism.his

n.his,his

Unit3

ClassroomActivities（p31-32）

1.Allthesephrasesareredundantinthewrittencontext.

2.a.XianmingHighSchoolhasafacultythatdotheirjobswell.

b.Oneoftherequirementsisatermpaperofthreethousandwordsonasubjectofyourchoice.

c.Collegeisdifficulttoadjusttobecauseyouareleftonyourowntosolvemanyproblems.

d.AcareerintheArmyhasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.Sodoesthereturntothecivilianlifefromthemilitary.

e.Teenagepregnancyhascreatedalotofcontroversy.

ClassActivities（p33）

1.a.awful→boring

b.bad→unconvincing

c.nice→diamond

d.things→traits

ClassroomActivities（p35）

Jo’smouth

decided

hernose

comical

hereyes

sharp,gray,fierce,funny,thoughtful

herhair

long,thick

hershoulders

round

herhandsandfeet

big

PartⅢGrammar

ClassroomActivities（p35-36）

a.Thatwomanwhoislaughingismymother.

b.Finally,theyfoundthetreasurethathadbeenhidden.

c.Thisistheplacethatismostfrequentlyreportedinthepress.

d.Theboywhowasenchantedstaredatthescreen,mouthwideopen.

Summary

1.The–ingformofaverbisusedwhentheactiondescribedbytheverbcontinuestohappenorwhentherelationshipbetweenthemodifiedandtheverbisactive.

2.Th