2翻译硕士英语考研模拟试题二.docx

2翻译硕士英语考研模拟试题二.docx

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2翻译硕士英语考研模拟试题二

模拟试题二

PARTIGRAMMAR&VOCABULARY[60MIN]（1×30=30POINTS）

Therearethirtysentencesinthissection.BeneatheachsentencetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Pleasechoosethecorrectanswerthatbestcompletesthesentenceandmarkyouranswersontheanswersheet.

1.Shehadastrong________togiveatalkaboutherexperiences,becauseshedidn’tlikethelimelight.

A.disinclinationB.dissolution

C.dissidenceD.dissension

2.Theeyetendstoseedistanceas________.Inpainting,thisissometimescalled“thevanishingpoint”.

A.conformingB.comforting

C.contrivingD.converging

3.Themanwenttoprison,butthetwoboys________withawarning.

A.tookoffB.gotoff

C.keptoffD.setoff

4.Althoughherinitialsuccesswas_________bythefactshewasthedaughterofafamousactor,thecriticslateracclaimedherasastarinherownright.

A.enhancedB.impededC.refutedD.superseded

5.Perhapsweshouldthinkintermsofraisinginterestrates______them,inconsiderationofthenewreportsaboutinflationreportedlastJune.

A.thenreducingB.andreduceC.althoughreduceD.ratherthanreducing

6.Thesymphony’ssecondmovement—slow,mournful,and________—isbasedonafuneralmarch.

A.frivolousB.effervescentC.vicissitudeD.ephemeral

7.Fewofustakethepainstostudyourcherishedconvictions;indeed,wealmosthaveanatural____doingso.

A.aptitudeforB.repugnancetoC.ignoranceofD.reactionto

8.Ifyouwaitforthe____momenttoact,youmayhaveneverbegunyourproject.

A.definitiveB.optimumC.implacableD.righteous

9.Myreadinginlaterlifehassuppliedmewithsomepossibleexplanationsofhis____.

A.temperatureB.temperamentC.temptationD.temperance

10.________ghostexistsintheworld.That’syourillusion.

A.NosuchathingasB.Nosuchathingasa

C.NosuchthingasaD.Nosuchthingas

11.Ididn’tlikemyself________inthatway.

A.tobepraisedB.praised

C.bepraisedD.tohavebeenpraised

12.________ananswer,theydecidedtosendanexpresstelegramtothem.

A.ReceivednotB.Havingreceivednot

C.NothavingreceivedD.Notreceived

13.Duringawar,manyofthenormalbasicrightsoftheindividualareinthenationalinterest.

A.disregardedB.infringed

C.suspendedD.stamped

14.Theofsocialsecuritybenefitsoftenfeelthattheyarecontributingmorethantheyinfactreceiveintermsofmedicalcare,pensions,etc.

A.receiptsB.receivers

C.recipientsD.payees

15.Manydiseasesthatusedtobeconsidered_________ofmankindarenoweasilytreatablewithantibiotics

A.scourgesB.blightsC.torturesD.thorns

16.SomehistoriansbelievethatJohnJaycouldhaveplayedinAmerica’shistoryasJamesMadison.

A.asanimportantroleB.asimportantarole

C.animportantroleasD.aroleasimportant

17.Cynicsbelievethatpeoplewhocomplimentsdosoinordertobepraisedtwice.A.baskinB.giveoutC.gloatoverD.shrugoff

18.Technically,negotiationoccursbetweenpeoplewhoareinterdependent,___________thattheactionsofonepartyaffectthoseoftheotherpartyandviceversa.

A.asmeansB.tomean

C.thatmeansD.meaning

19.TheChairmanwasevidently____________byJim’swordsandglaredathimforafewseconds.

A.putdownB.putacrossC.putawayD.putout

20.Thelocalauthoritiesrealizedtheneedtomake____________forelderlypeopleintheirhousingprograms.

A.provisionB.preparationC.requirementD.specification

21.HewassointheTVprogramthatheforgottoturntheovenoff.

A.tarnishedB.revampedC.engrossedD.bequeathed

22.Penny’sspeechgivenatthestatecompetitionwonherthefirstprize.

A.promptitudeB.impromptuC.prorateD.natant

23.Overall,itisgoingtobecomemucheasierforpeopletocommunicate__________theNetCommunicatingwithothersinrealtimewillsoonbethenorm.

A.byB.inC.overD.onto

24.Ihadneverseensomanypeoplewithsomanydisabilities.Ireturnedhome,silently__________,thinkinghowfortunatewereallywere..

A.retrospectiveB.introspectiveC.perspectiveD.prospective

25.TheJapanesedollar-buyingmakestraderseagerto__________dollarsinfearofanothergovernmentintervention.

A.letinB.letoutC.letgoofD.letoff

26.TheSupremeCourt’sdecisionsonphysician-assistedsuicidecarryimportantforhowmedicineseekstorelievedyingpatientsofpainandsuffering..

A.implicationsB.complicationsC.innovationsD,complexities

27.Asarule,what’sefficientinoneplacewillbeefficientinmostotherplaces,thusAmericanbusinessesarefiercecompetitorstheychoosetoselltheirproduct,havingbeenformedinacompetitiveenvironmentthatbreedsoptimality.

A.whateverB.wheneverC.whereverD.however

28.Allowingourcitiestobebycarshasprogressivelyaffectedchildren’sindependentmobility,forchildrenhavelostmuchoftheirfreedomtoexploretheirownneighborhoodorcity.

A.pervadedB.diffusedC.dominatedD.intervened

29.Whentheyoungmanrealizedthatthepolicehadspottedhim,hemadetheexitasquicklyaspossible,onlytofindthattwopolicemenwerewaitingoutside.

A.offB.fromC.towardsD.for

30.Generouspublicfundingofbasicsciencewouldconsiderablebenefitsforthecountry’shealth,wealthandsecurity.

A.resultfromB.settledownC.lieinD.leadto

PARTIIREADINGCOMPREHENSION[60MIN]（40POINTS）

PassageOne

TheRomanlanguageservedasthefirstmodelforansweringthequestion.EventosomeonewithnoknowledgeofLatin,thesimilaritiesamongRomanlanguageswouldhavemadeitnaturaltosuggestthattheywerederivedfromacommonancestor.Ontheassumptionthatthesharedcharacteristicoftheselanguagescamefromthecommonancestor,itwouldhavebeenpossibletoreconstructmanyofthecharacteristicsoftheoriginalcommonlanguage.InmuchthesamewayitbecameclearthatthebranchesoftheIndo-Europeanfamilycouldbestudiedandahypotheticalfamilytreeconstructed,readingbacktoacommonancestor.Thisisthetreeapproach.Thebasicprocessrepresentedbythetreemodelisoneofdivergence:

whenlanguagesbecomeisolatedfromoneanother,theydifferincreasingly,anddialectsgraduallybecomedifferentuntiltheybecomeseparatelanguages.

Divergenceisbynomeanstheonlypossibletendencyinlanguageevolution.JohannesSchmidtintroduceda“wave”model,inwhichlinguisticchangeswerelikewaves,eventuallyleadingtoconvergence;thatis,growingsimilarityamonglanguagesthatwereinitiallyquitedifferent.

Today,however,mostlinguiststhinkprimarilyintermsoffamilytrees.Itisnecessarytoconstructsomemodelsofhowlanguagechangemightoccuraccordingtoaprocess-basedview.Therearefourmainclassesofmodels.

Thefirstistheprocessofinitialcolonization,bywhichanuninhabitedterritorybecomespopulated;itslanguagenaturallybecomesthatofthecolonizers.Secondareprocessesofdivergence,suchasthelinguisticdivergencearisingfromseparationorisolationmentionedaboveinrelationtoearlymodelsoftheIndo-Europeanlanguages.Thethirdgroupofmodelsisbasedonprocessesoflinguisticconvergence.Thewavemodel,formulatedbySchmidtinthe1870’s,isanexample,butconvergencemethodshavenotgenerallyfoundfavoramonglinguists.

Now,theslowandratherstaticoperationoftheseprocessesiscomplicatedbyanotherfactor:

linguisticreplacement.Thatfactorprovidesthebasisforafourthclassofmodels,inmanyareasoftheworldthelanguagesinitiallyspokenbytheindigenouspeoplehavecometobereplaced,fullyorpartially,bylanguagesspokenbypeoplecomingfromoutside.Wereitnotforthislargecomplicatingfactor,theworld’slinguistichistorycouldbefaithfullydescribedbytheinitialdistributionofHomoSapiens,followedbythegradualworkingsofdivergenceandconvergence.SolinguisticreplacementalsohasakeyroletoplayinexplainingtheoriginsoftheIndo-Europeanlanguages.

31.Thecharacteristicsoftheoriginalcommonlanguagecanbedescribedonthebasisof.

A.thesimilaritiesamongRomancelanguages

B.thehypotheticalfamilytree

C.theprocessknownasdivergence

D.thecommonfeaturesofRomanlanguages

32.AccordingtoJohannesSchmidt,.

A.languageschangeonalargescalelikewaves

B.divergenceisnottheonlypossibletendencyinlanguagechange

C.languageevolutioncanbeexplainedintermsofdivergenceandconvergence

D.differentlanguageswillbecomeincreasinglysimilaruntiltheydevelopintoonelanguage

33.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph4that.

A.theredoesn’texistanysatisfactorymodeloflanguagechange

B.mostlinguistsexplainlanguagechangeonlyintermsofdivergence

C.mostlinguistsgenerallydon’taccepttheideaoflanguageconvergence

D.thefirstprocessinlanguageevolutioniscolonization,followedbydivergence

34.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Linguisticreplacementcanbeignoredforthelinguistichistorytobefullydescribed.

B.LinguisticreplacementcannotbeignoredinexplainingwheretheIndo-Europeanlanguagescomefrom

C.Becauseoflinguisticreplacement,theotherthreemodelsprovetobeincorrect

D.Comparedwiththeothermodels,linguisticreplacementisthemostimportantmodel

35.Thispassageisprimarilywrittento.

A.discusstheimportanceoflinguisticreplacement

B.introducetheoriginoftheindo-Europeanlanguage

C.explainthedivergenceoftheIndo-Europeanlanguages

D.introducemodelsconcerningtheoriginoftheindo-Europeanlanguages

PassageTwo

OfallthecatastrophesthatcouldbefallAmericainco