福建省学年高一上学期期末英语试题精选汇编阅读理解.docx
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福建省学年高一上学期期末英语试题精选汇编阅读理解
福建省2020-2021学年高一上学期期末英语试题精选汇编
-阅读理解
福建省龙岩市2020-2021学年高一上学期期末英语试题
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Therealproblemofwildfiresisthestrengthoftheblazes(火焰).In2015,forthefirsttime,firesburnedmorethan10millionacresnationwide.Ithappenedagainin2017.InCalifornia,eightofthestate's20worstwildfireshavehappenedinthepast10years.The2018CampFire,whichkilled85livesinNorthernCalifornia,wasthedeadliestinthecentury.
Theworld'sworstwildfireintermsofliveslostwasthe1871PeshtigoFireinWisconsin,inwhichatleast1,200peopledied.Neverheardofit?
Perhapsthat'sbecausepeople'sattentionwasdrawnbyanotherterribleblazethathappenedthesamenight:
theGreatChicagoFire.
Humansstillcausemorethan4outof5wildfiresthroughcarelesslydroppedcigarettes,poorlyput-outcampfires.Anothermajorsparkerofwildfiresislightning.AccordingtotheNaturalHistoryMuseumofUtah,lightningstrikestheearthmorethan100,000timesaday.Anywherefrom10to20percentofthesestrikescausesfires.
Oneofthemanychallengesdealingwithwildfiresisthattheycanovertakeevenaveryfasthuman.AccordingtoNationalGeographic,thefirescantravelupto14milesperhour,oraboutonemileeveryfourminutes.
21.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?
A.Lightning.B.Wildfires.
C.Cigarettes.D.Campfires.
22.Whichfirekilledthemostpeople?
A.TheCaliforniaFire.
B.TheGreatChicagoFire.
C.The1871PeshtigoFire.
D.The2018CampFire.
23.Whatmakesitdifficulttoputoutwildfires?
A.Theirspeed.B.Theirstrength.
C.Theirblaze.D.Theircauses.
【答案】21.B22.C23.A
B
TeamHoytisfatherDickHoytandsonRickHoytfromMassachusetts.Theyhavecompetedtogetherinvarioussportsgames.RickisdisabledandduringIronmanTriathlons(铁人三项赛)DickpullsRickinaspecialboatastheyswim,carrieshiminaspecialseatinthefrontofabicycleastheyride,andpusheshiminaspecialwheelchairastheyrun.
ThislovestorybeganwhenRickwassmall.DoctorstoldtheHoytstheboywouldbeavegetablefortherestofhislife,buttheHoytsweren'tacceptingit.TheynoticedthewayRick'seyesfollowedthemaroundtheroom.Yearslater,theHoytstookRicktoTuftsUniversityandaskediftherewasanythingtohelptheboycommunicate."Noway."Dickwastold,"There'snothinggoingoninhisbrain.”"Tellhimajoke."Dickreplied.Theydid.Ricklaughed.Itturnedoutalotwasgoingoninhisbrain.Withthehelpofaspecialcomputer,Rickwasfinallyabletocommunicate.
Ricktoldhisfatherthroughthecomputerthathewantedtojoinacharityrun.Dickdidn'twanttodisappointRick,sohetriedtopushhissonfivemiles.ThatdaychangedRick'slife."Dad,"hetyped,“whenwewerecrazyrunning,itfeltasIwasn'tdisabledanymore!
"AndthatsentencetouchedDicksomuchthathebecamecrazyforgivingRickthatfeelingasoftenashecould.
ThisFather'sDay,Rickboughthisdaddinner,butthethingshereallywantstogivehimisagifthecanneverbuy."ThethingI'dmostlike;'Ricktypes,“isthatmydadsitsinthechairandI,pushhimonce.”
24.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?
A.TherearethreemembersinTeamHoyt.
B.NothingisgoingoninRick'smind.
C.Rick“talks"bytypingonacomputer.
D.Rick'sfamilyplantvegetablesonafarm.
25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"They"inParagraph2referto?
A.TeachersatTuftsUniversity.B.Rick'sparents.
C.Doctorsinahospital.D.Computerexperts.
26.WhatchangedRick'slifeforthebetter?
A.Aspecialboat.B.Afunnyjoke.
C.Doctors'treatment.D.Lovefromhisfamily.
27.WhatcanweinferaboutRick'sfeelingfromthelastparagraph?
A.Hewasregretful.B.Hewasproud.
C.Hewasanxious.D.Hewasthankful.
【答案】24.C25.A26.D27.D
C
MostChinesedinerspickupfoodfromsharedlargeplateswiththesamepairofchopsticksthattheythenusetoeat,orserveothers.Usually,thesamepairofchopsticksisusedinmanywaysagainandagain.Butthegovernmenthopestochangepeople’shabitsbypushingthemtouseasecondpairofchopsticks—justforserving.
Statenewsreportersarecallingita“diningtablerevolution.”Dr.ZhongNanshanandDr.ZhangWenhong,outspokeninfectious(感染的)diseaseexpertswhohavebecomefamoussincethestartoftheoutbreak,havevoicedtheirsupport.Healthorganizationsacrossthecountryarerunningadvertisementslike:
“Thedistancebetweenyouandcivilizeddiningisjustonepairofservingchopsticks.”
Somerestaurantsanddinershaveheededthecall.Theyareofferinglowerpricestodinerswhouseservingchopsticks.IntheeasternChinesecityofHangzhou,morethan100well-knownrestaurantshaveformeda“ServingChopsticksAlliance”.
Still,oppositionisstrong.Manyseesharingfoodwithone’sownchopsticksasamongthemostauthentic(纯正的)expressionsofChina’sgroupcultureandfocusonfamily,nolessimportantthanhuggingistoAmericansorthecheek(脸颊)kissistotheFrench.Servingchopsticksareusuallyconnectedwithformalsettings,likedinnerpartiesandmealswithstrangers.
Bycontrast,wheat-eatingnortherners,andespeciallythemen,takeprideinwhatChinesecall“eatingbiganddrinkingbig”,withoutcareforsuchsmallconcernsasgermsandbacteria(细菌).Nevermindasmall,recentexperimentbygovernmentexpertswhofoundthatthelevelofbacteriaindishesforwhichservingchopstickswereusedwasaslittleas0.4percentthelevelofdishessharedintheregularfashion.
28.Whydoesthegovernmentencouragepeopletochangeeatinghabits?
A.Toimproverestaurantservice.B.Toavoidtheriskofinfection.
C.Toshortenthedistancebetweenpeople.D.Tostopusingchopsticks.
29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“heeded“inParagraph3mean?
A.Made.B.Answered.
C.Taken.D.Missed.
30.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?
A.Westernersshownoconcernaboutusingchopsticks.
B.Theexpertsbecameknownforgivingtheirsupport.
C.Servingchopsticksleadstolowerbacterialevel.
D.Northernersfeelproudofeatingwithstrangers.
31.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.ACalltoEatandDrinkLess
B.ADiningTableExperiment
C.DiningRevolution—ShareYourFoodinGroups
D.ServingChopsticks—KeepYouAwayfromDisease
【答案】28.B29.B30.C31.D
D
Manydiseasesandmedicalconditionsarecausedbythingsoutofourcontrol.Yetexpertssayyoucancontrolandevenpreventmanyoftheriskfactorsthatincreaseyourchancesofdying.
Anunhealthylifestylecanputyouatgreatriskofheartdiseaseandstroke(中风).Poordiet,havingtoomuchbodyfatandbeingshortofphysicalexerciseallincreaseyourriskofheartdisease—socansmokinganddrinkingtoomuchwine.Sodoctorssuggestweeathealthyfoods,getexercise,stopsmokinganddrinkless.
Butthereissomethingelseyoucando.Anditisfreeandeasy.Smile!
AnandChockalingamisaheartdiseasespecialistatUniversityofMissouriHealthCareinColumbia,Missouri.Headviseshispatientstosmile.Hesayssmilingisafirststepinfightingstressanditssometimesharmfuleffectsonhumanhealth.
Whenyoufeelstressedorunderpressure,yourbodyletsoutmanynaturalhormones(荷尔蒙).Ifyouaretrulyindanger,thesehormonescanhelpyou.However,whenpeoplearestressedforlongperiodsoftime,theymaynotmakethebestdecisionsaboutwhattoeat.Theymayovereat,smokeordrinktoomuch.Theymaynotgetenoughexerciseorsleep.Andallofthesecanleadtohealthproblems.
Dr.Chockalingamsaysasmilemaybeonewaytohelp.Hetellshispatientstosmile20timesanhour.Tosome,thatmightseemlikealotofsmiling.Orsomemightevenfeelfoolish—smilingforseeminglynoreason.Butasmiledoesnotneeddrugs.Itdoesnotleavecutslikeanoperation.Itisfreeandithasnobadsideeffects.
“Oncepeoplesmile,theyarerelaxing,whichdirectlylowersbloodpressure,improvessugarlevelsintheblood.Ifwearesmiling,wearebreakingthatlinkbetweenstressandhealth.”
Anditjustmayprovidealittleextraprotectiontoeveryone'shearthealth.
32.Howdoessmilingbenefityourhealth?
A.Byproducingnaturalhormones.
B.Byprotectingyoufromdanger.
C.Byhelpingmakewisedecisions.
D.Bypreventingharmfromstress.
33.WhichwordbestdescribesAnandChockalingam'sattitudetowardssmile?
A.Curious.B.Uncertain.
C.Positive.D.Excited.
34.Whatdoweknowaboutsmile?
A.Itisthebestmedicine.
B.Itisaneffectiveexercise.
C.Itistheonlywaytogoodhealth.
D.Ithaslittlebadsideeffects.
35.Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthetext?
A.Toremindpeopletocareforhealth.
B
Topersuadepeopletoliveahealthylife.
C.Tofindasolutiontohealthproblems.
D.Tointroduceawayofimprovinghealthcondition.
【答案】32.D33.C34.A35.D
福建省三明市2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
ProfessionalrockclimberEmilyHarringtonhasmadehistoryaftersuccessfullyfreeclimbingYosemiteNationalPark'sElCapitanlastWednesday.
Harrington,34,becamethefourthperson—andthefirstwoman—toeverscalethe3,000-footElCapitanwithoutthehelpofaropeorotherequipment.“Thepeoplebeforemewhohaveachievedthisarekindoflikesomeofmyheroesinrockclimbing,”shesaid,“soitfeelsprettyspecialtojointhatgroup.”
ButHarrington'sclimbwasnotwithoutinjury—atonepoint,sheslidandwasleftwithaseriouswoundonherforeheadthatrequiredhertotakeabreak.“ItookafallandIcouldn'tgetmyfeetoutandmyheadactuallyhitthewall,”sherec