江西省专升本英语辅导讲义.docx
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江西省专升本英语辅导讲义
专升本英语语法辅导讲义
我喜欢音乐。
Ilikemusic.
我喜欢音乐以前。
Iliketoplaybasketball.
我喜欢打篮球。
Heisagoodstudentthatweallknow.
我们都知道他是一个好学生。
1.Theauthorfindsoutthatgoodintentionsalonearenotenoughwhenhisattempttobekindtoanoldmanleavesthembothfeelingworsethanbefore・
2.Mostpeopledonotrealize,however,thatitistheregularuse
of”ordinary”physicalpunishment,andtheculturalapprovalitenjoys,thatlaysthegroundworkforchildabuse・
Theagency,tosetandenforcehealthstandardforAmerican
workers,hasbeenpromisingacottonduststandardforseveralyears・A・whosejobitisB・whosejobisC・whoseD・whoseis
3・ltseemssimpleenoughtodistinguishbetweentheorganismandthesurroundingenvironmentandtoseparateforcesactingonanorganismintothosethatareinternalandbiologicalandthosethatareexternalandenvironmental.
4.Butmyownworrytodayislessthatoftheoverwhelmingproblemof
elementalliteracythanitisoftheslightlymoreluxuriousproblemofthedeclineintheskillevenofthemiddle-classreader,ofhisunwillingnesstoaffordthosespacesofsilenee,thoseluxuriesofdomesticityandtimeandconcentration,thatsurroundtheimageoftheclassicactofreading.
第一章、时态和语态
＜主要是指谓语动词＞
一.时态
1•现在时
（1）一般现在时
Helikesmusic.
（2）现在进行时
Heisdoingthehousework.
（3）现在完成时
Hehasfinishedthework.
（4）现在完成进行时
HehasbeenstudyingEnglishforsixyears.
注意：
Thehousehasbeeninbadrepairsincehelivedinit.
Thehousehasbeeninbadrepairsincehemovedout.
Thehousehasbeeninbadrepairsincehehaslivedinit.
Ihaven'teatensnailssirwesastudentatIndianaUniversity.
Ihaven'teatensnailssirlefiIndianaUniversity.
2.过去时
（1）一般过去时
HewatchedTVlastnight
（2）过去进行时
Hewasdoinghishomeworkatthistimeyesterday.
（3）过去完成时＜过去的过去＞
HehadworkedforsixyearsbeforeMarryjoinedtheArmy.
（4）过去完成进行时
HehadbeenworkingforthefactorybeforeMarryjoinedtheArmy.
3.将来时
（1）一般将来时
IwillstudyEnglishnextweek.
IshallstudyEnglishnextweek.
IamgoingtostudyEnglishnextweek.
IamabouttostudyEnglishnextweek.
IamtostudyEnglishnextweek.
区别:
will和begoingto,beaboutto,betc的区别
如:
lfthemetalisheated,itwillexpand.
IamgoingtostudyEnglishnextweek.
IamabouttostudyEnglishnextweek.
IamtostudyEnglishnextweek.
区另U:
begoingto,beaboutto和beto的区另U
女口:
Look,somanyblackclouds,itisgoingtorain.
当有预先征兆的时候我们应该用begoingto.
（2）将来进行时
IwillbestudyingEnglishatsixo'clocktomorrow.
如果是将来的一个具体时间我们可以用将来进行时.
（3）过去将来时
Hesaid,"IwillstudyEnglishnextweek."
HesaidthathewouldstudyEnglishthenextweek.
（4）将来完成时
Wewillhavefinishedtheworkbynextyear.
43.Bytheendoflastmonth,weonthisprojectformorethan6weeks.
（09）
A）haveworkedB）hadworkedC）areworkingD）willwork
68.Bythetimeyougettherethisafternoon,thefilm.（06\07）
A）istostartB）isstartingC）willstartD）willhavestarted
44.Weplantofinishtheworkonthe15thofnextmonth.Bythen,wefor
tenweeks.（05）
A）areworkingB）havebeenworkedC）wereworkingD）willhaveworked
60.Bytheendofthisyear,it16yearssincetheemergeneeoftheWorld
WideWebasanelectronic-publishingvehicle.（05）
A）hasbeenB）willhavebeenC）willbeD）hadbeen特例：
1.Heisalwaysspeakingtohismotherlikethis.
当表示一种埋怨和责备语气的时候用现在进行代替一般现在时・
二.语态
主动语态
Iwrotealetteryesterday.
Iwillwritethebook.
被动语态
Theletterwaswrittenbymeyesterday.
Thebookwillbewrittenbyme.
56.Theprofessorwassopopularthathewithenthusiasm.（07）
A）alwayslistenedtoB）alwayswaslistened
C）wasalwayslistenedD）wasalwayslistenedto
特例:
1.Imadehimcry
Hewasmade.tocrybyme.
2.Iheardhimsingthesongyesterday.
Hewasheardlosingthesongbymeyesterday.
第二章、句子结构
主谓宾定状补表同位
Ilikemusic・＜主谓宾＞
Igaveyouabike・＜双宾＞
Ihavearedpen・＜定语＞
Hestudieshard・＜程度状语＞程度状语
Hestudiesenglishintheafternoon时间状语＞时间状语
Hesingsintheclassroom地点状语＞
Heislatebecauseheisill原因状语>
Hegoestoschoolbybus方式状语>
Ifyoucomeherehewillcometoo条件状语>备注:
在时间状语从句和条件
状语从句中从句不能用将来时
Hecameheretolookafterme•目的状语>
Hegotupsoearlythathecaughtthebus结果状语>
HegotupsoearlythathecouldcatchthebusK的状语>
Hecameherewithasmile•伴随状语>
TheArmywalkedinthestreetwhilepeopleweredancing伴随状语>
Althoughheisalittleboy,heknowsalot.（让步状语）
补语v宾补，主补>
IcallyouTom.v宾补>|findenglisheasy.<宾补〉
sb.sbadj.
YouarecalledTom.<主补>
Iamastudent.v表语>
Iamexcited.v系表结构>
同位语v同位主语，同位宾语>
Youtwoarefoolish.v同位主语>
Ibeatyoutwo.v同位宾语>
第三章、主从复合句
v必须满足:
1.只有一个句号2.主句和从句之间必须要有连接词，连接词有两个功
能，一是起到连接从句，整体作为整个主句的一个成分，二是连接词本身在从句中单独也做一个成分3•从句必须用正常语序>
主语从句
Whatyournameisisnotknown.•主语从句>
Thathecameheremadeushappy.主语从句>
宾语从句
Idonotknowwhatyournameis•■宾语从句>
Ifind（that）Englishiseasy.■宾语从句>
52.Themeetingwasputoffuntilnextweek,whichwasexactlywe
wanted.（06）
A）itB）whichC）thatD）what
同位主语从句
Thenewsthathewillcomeheremakesushappy同位主语从句>
Theresultwhethertheteamhaswonthegameisnotknownl同位主语从句
〉
76.Wehavetofacethefactnewcomputervirusesmayappearatanytime
anditcanspreadacrosscomputersinaveryrapidspeed09）
A）thatB）itC）whichD）what
43.Allthepeoplewantarelastingpeaceandsocialprogress.（05）
A）whatB）suchC）thoseD）which
50.TheUnitedNationsexpressedthehopethetwosidesshouldsoonstop
fightinginthearea.（05）
A）whichB）thatC）whatD）when
表语从句
MoneyiswhatIwant.v表语从句>
49.WhatthedoctoradvisesmetodoisImustkeeptalkinga
well-balaneeddietandregularexercises.（09）
A）thatB）whetherC）whichD）what
名词性从句的特例vwhether和if（是否）的区别>
1.Thequestioniswhetherthefilmisworthseeing在表语从句中只能用
whether不用if>
2.Thenewswhetherourteamhaswonthewatchisunknown在:
同位语从
句中只能用whether>
3.Whetherwewillattendthemeetingisunknown•在主语从句中只能用whether〉
4.Itisunknownwhetherwewillattendthemeeting•当它转换成形式主语时两者都可以用〉
5.Italldependsonwhetherwewillsupporthim<在介词后面只能用whether>
&Hedoesnotknowwhethertostayornot如果是直接接动词不定式只能用whether>
7.Hedoesnotknowwhether（if）heshouldstayornot如果弓I导的是这种宾语从句两者皆可以用〉
8.Hedidnotknowwhetherornotshehasbeenready如果是直接跟ornot只能用whether>
9.Iwonderif/whetherthenewsistrue•如果引导的是这种宾语从句两者皆可以用〉
10.Hewasnotsureif/whetheritisrightorwrong•参见第四种>
111donotcarefitdoesnotrain••如果宾语从句是否定句习惯上用if>
状语从句
Ifyoucomeherehewillcometoo条件状语从句>备注:
在时间状语从句和
条件状语从句中从句不能用将来时
Heislatebecauseheisjll原因状语从句>
Hegotupsoearlythathecaughtthebus结果状语从句>
HegotupsoearlythathecouldcatchthebusK的状语从句>
TheArmywalkedinthestreetwhilepeopleweredancings伴随状语从句
>
Icameherewhenyouwentout•时间状语从句〉
Iwillgowhereourcountrymostneedsme地点状语从句〉
soffice
Ididthethingasyousaid•方式状语从句〉
44.Hedidn'trealizehehadleftthefilesinhiscustomer
backtothecompany.（09）
A）ifB）untilC）uniessD）since
67.Hewillgoabroadtofurtherhisstudynextyearhegetsa
scholarshiporenoughmoney.（09）
A）ifB）soC）tillD）although
73.shejoinedthecompanyonlyayearago,she'salreadybeenpromote
twice.（09）
A）BecauseB）IfC）AlthoughD）When
42.Johnfrequentlyattemptstoescapebeingfinedwheneverhetraffic
regulations.（08）
A）breaksB）isbreakingC）willbreakD）broke
72.weenteredthehall,anattendantcameupandofferedusaliA）AslongasB）AsfarasC）AswellasD）Assoonas
78.Johnisinratherpoorhealth,hecanhardlyresistcatchingcolds08）
A）AlthoughB）SinceC）AfterD）opposed
51.1mybreakfastwhenthemorningpostcame.（07）
A）washavingB）hadbeenhavingC）hadD）amhaving
62.weweregiventherightaddress,wefoundherhouseeasily.（06\07）
A）SinceB）AlthoughC）IfD）So
54.Mostofthegraduatingstudentshavedecidedtogotheyaremost
needed.（06）
A）whereB）whichC）whatD）how
补语从句
Iputthebookwhereitwas・<尤语从句，也可理解为补语从句〉
Abigroom
定语从句
先行词
关系词v包括关系代词，关系副词〉
关系代词：
whichthatwhowhosewhomas
关系畐U词：
wherewhenwhy
限制性定语从句
Thisisthehouse（which）luxunlivedin.=Thisisthehouse（that）luxunlived
in.=Thisisthehouseinwhichluxunoncelived・
Thisisthehousewhereluxunoncelivec瞻前顾后>
Isavedtheboywhosemotherismyteacher.
Heisthemanwhosavedtheboyyesterday.
Heistheboy（whom）themansavedyesterday.
IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheArmy.=lwillneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedtheArmy.
Thisisthehousewhereluxunoncelived.
Idonotknowthereasonwhyheislate.
45.IdonnoWkwillmakethefinaldecisionforoursummertrip.（09）
A）whatB）whichC）whomD）who
52.Inhisspeechheadvicetowasinterestedinthefieldofcomputer
scienee.（09）
A）.thatB）.whoeverC）whomD）whose
79.EachARSscientistproposalwasacceptedwillreceive$80000fortwo
yearsofhigh-priorityresearch.（09）
A）whoB）whoseC）whichD）what
48.Astotheelection,pleasegiveyourvotetoyouthinkyoucantrus（08）
A）whoB）whomC）oneD）whoever
as
1.Heisas（so）greatapainteraseverlived.（asso…as）as,
2.IboughtsuchawatchasisshownonTV.<当sucha修饰先行词时用as>
61.Wehopethatsuchabookishelpfultoourresearchworkison
sale.（05）
A）thatB）asC）whichD）till
3.Iboughtthesamewatchas（that）isshownonTV行词时用as>
4.Heisagoodstudent,which（as）weallknow•当在非限制性定语从句中
代替前面的一句话时用as或which但一旦提前只能用as>
例如：
Asweallknow,heisagoodstudent.
非限制性定语从句
IwillgotoBeijing,wherethereisameeting・
That不能用于非限制定语从
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