浙江省杭州市高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解基础演练2.docx

浙江省杭州市高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解基础演练2.docx

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浙江省杭州市高考英语二轮复习阅读理解基础演练2

浙江（杭州市）2020高考英语阅读理解二轮（基础）演练

（2）

【2020模拟题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

WinterVineckibeganrunningatagefive,butgotseriousin2020afterherfatherdiedofcancer—that’swhenshedecidedtohonorhismemorybyrunningamarathononeverycontinentbeforeher15thbirthday.

Scope:

TeamWinterisanorganizationyoufoundedtoraisemoneyforcancerresearch.Howdiditgetstarted?

Winter:

Atfirst,TeamWinterwasformedtofightchildhoodobesity.WhenIwas8,Iranaraceandraised$1,100forthatcause.Butlessthanayearlater,mydadgotcancer.IknewIhadtodosomethingtohelp.WhenIstarted,mygoalwastoraise$10,000.I’veraisedwellpastthat—almost$500,000.

Scope:

Whatgoesthroughyourmindwhenyourun?

Winter:

WhenI’mhavingahardtimeduringarace,Ithinkaboutmydad.Ifhecoulddealwiththepainofcancer,Icandealwithanytypeofpain.Hewasaveryfriendlyperson.Hewasalwayssmilingandveryhappyevenwhenhehadcancer.

Scope:

Isyourageeveranobstacleinyourraces?

Winter:

I’vebeenturneddownbyracedirectorswhowon’tletanyoneyoungerthan16or18compete.ButDianaNyad,thefirstpersontoswimfromCubatoFloridawithoutasharkcage,toldme,“Neverletthemtellyouitcan’tbedone.”FromthenonIknewmyagewasn’ttheproblem.

Scope:

You’veprobablyinspiredlotsofpeopletoo.

Winter:

I’veheardaboutkidsdoingprojectslikeme.Onceinarestaurant,aboycameuptomymomandmeandtoldushisdadhadcancertoo.Nowhe’scompetinginrunningforhisdad.Hearingstorieslikethathelpskeepmegoing.

1.WhatdoweknowaboutTeamWinter?

A.Italwaysholdsdifferentraces.B.Itsfinalgoalistoraise$500,000.

C.ItwasnamedafterWinter’sfather.D.Itwastohelpobesechildrenatfirst.

2.WhenWinterhasahardtimeduringarace,whatkeepshergoing?

A.Herfather’sillness.         B.Herfather’ssuccess.

C.Herfather’sbravery.                    D.Herfather’skindness.

3.Winter’swordsinthelastparagraphtellusthat_____.

A.shesetsagoodexampleforothersB.shehopesotherswilldowhatshedoes

C.theboywantstojoinTeamWinterD.theboyinviteshertocompetewithhim

（个人情况）本文是应用文。

文章是对15岁马拉松选手WinterVinecki的访谈。

1.D。

细节理解题。

根据第一部分问答的Atfirst,TeamWinterwasformedtofightchildhoodobesity可知，Winter创建TeamWinter的最初目的是为肥胖儿童筹集善款。

2.C。

推理判断题。

根据第二部分问答可知，如果Winter在比赛中遇到困难，她会想到父亲总是微笑地面对病痛。

故正是父亲在病痛面前表现出的勇敢让Winter在困境中继续前进。

3.A。

推理判断题。

从最后一部分问答的kidsdoingprojectslikeme以及男孩为帮助父亲参加比赛的举动可知，Winter为他人树立了良好的榜样。

由（2020四川绵阳高三第二次诊断）改编

Upto90%ofschoolleaversinmajorAsiancitiesaresufferingfrommyopia——short-sightedness,astudysuggests.Researcherssaythe“extraordinaryrise”intheproblemisbeingcausedbystudentsworkingveryhardinschoolandmissingoutonoutdoorlight.

Eyeexpertssaythatyouareshort-sightedifyourvisionisblurred（模糊的）beyond2m.Itisoftencausedbyanelongation（拉抻）oftheeyeballthathappenswhenpeopleareyoung.Accordingtotheresearch,theproblemisbeingcausedbyacombinationoffactors——acommitmenttoeducationandlackofoutdoorlight.

ProfessorMorganwholedthisstudyarguesthatmanychildreninSouthEastAsiaspendlonghoursstudyingatschoolanddoingtheirhomework.Thisinitselfputspressureontheeyes,butexposuretobetweentwoandthreehoursofdaylighthelpsmaintainhealthyeyes.

Culturalfactorsalsoseemtoplayapart.AcrossmanypartsofSouthEastAsianchildrenoftenhavealunchtimenap.AccordingtoProfessorMorgantheyaremissingoutonnaturallighttopreventshort-sightedness.

Abigconcernisthenumbersofthestudentssufferingfrom“high”myopia.Oneinfiveofthesestudentscouldexperienceseverevisualimpairment（障碍）andevenblindness.Thesepeopleareatconsiderablerisk—sometimespeoplearenottoldaboutitandarejustgivenmorepowerfulglasses-theyneedtobewarnedabouttheriskandgivensomeself-testingmeasuressotheycangettoanophthalmologistandgetsomehelp.

Fordecades,researchersbelievedtherewasastronggeneticcomponenttothecondition.Butthisstudystronglysuggestsanalternativeview.“Anytypeofsimplegeneticexplanationjustdoesn’tfitwiththatspeedofchange;genepoolsjustdon’tchangeintwogenerations.Whetherit’sapurelyenvironmentaleffectoranenvironmentaleffectplayingasensitivegenome,itreallydoesn’tmatter,thethingthat’schangedisnotthegenepool-it’stheenvironment.”

13.Asismentionedabove,whichfactormainlyresultsinstudents’myopiainSouthEastAsia?

（　　）

A.Geneticfaultsofthepeople.

B.Elongationoftheeyeball.

C.Theshortageofoutdoorlight.

D.Lackofresearchintotheproblem.

14.WhichofthefollowingstatementsdoyouthinkagreeswithProfessorMorgan?

（　　）

A.Alunchtimenapishelpfulinreducingmyopia.

B.Glasseskeepmyopiafromgettingevenworse.

C.It’snecessarytotreatmyopiawithanoperation.

D.It’sofvitalimportancetoreduceeducationalpressure.

15.What’sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

（　　）

A.Generemainsthemaincauseofthelong-standingproblem.

B.Theenvironmentistoblamefortheextraordinaryriseinmyopia.

C.Short-sightednesshasnothingtodowithchangesingenepools.

D.Anenvironmentaleffectplayingasensitivegenomecounts.

16.What’sthebestwaytotakecareofyoureyesaccordingtothepassage?

（　　）

A.Equiptheclassroomwithbetterlights.

B.Lookatthesunfromtimetotime.

C.Doeyesexerciseregularly.

D.Spendmoretimeintheopenair.

语篇解读:

调查显示,亚洲主要城市中90%的毕业生都是近视眼,造成这一情况的原因有遗传因素,但主要是外在环境,如学生花费在学习上的时间太多和严重缺乏户外的自然光导致的。

答案及剖析:

13.C　细节理解题。

由第三段可知,东南亚的很多孩子在学校花费在学习上的时间太多,这本身就给眼睛造成很大的压力,但是白天接触2-3个小时的自然光会保持眼睛的健康,由此可知这些近视眼的孩子严重缺乏户外的自然光,故选C项。

14.D　推理判断题。

由第三段和第四段的内容可知,孩子们得不到可以防止近视的自然光,这是因为他们有太多的作业要做,学习任务太重,故减少教育压力至关重要。

15.B　主旨大意题。

由该段的内容可知,几十年来,人们认为导致近视眼的主要因素是基因,但最新的研究表明导致孩子们近视眼的关键因素是环境,故选B项。

16.D　推理判断题。

由第三段的“exposuretobetweentwoandthreehoursofdaylighthelpsmaintainhealthyeyes”可知,让眼睛沐浴户外的自然光可以保持眼睛的健康,那么保护眼睛的最好方法就是多在户外活动,故选D项。

【疑难词汇解读】

1.environmentaladj.环境的

Wemusttakeactiontoreduceenvironmentalpollution.

我们必须采取行动减少环境污染。

2.missouton错过,遗漏

Shemarriedyoungandfeltthatshewasmissingoutonlife.

她结婚早,因此觉得自己错过了享受生活的机会。

【长难句子分析】

眼睛专家说,如果超过两米你就视线模糊的话,你就近视了。

阅读理解。

阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项。

Jobsharingreferstothesituationinwhichtwopeopledividetheresponsibilityofonefulltimejob.Thetwopeoplewillinglyactasparttimeworkers,enoughhoursbetweenthemtofulfillthedutiesofafulltimeworker.Iftheyeachworkhalfthejob,forexample,theyeachreceive50percentofthejob'swages，itsholidaysanditsotherbenefits.

Jobsharingdiffersfromconventional（常规的）parttimeworkinthatitoccursmainlyinthemorehighlyskilledandprofessionalareas,whichrequirehigherlevelsofresponsibilityandemployeecommitment.

Jobsharingshouldnotbeconfusedwiththetermworksharing，whichreferstoincreasingthenumberofjobsbyreducingthenumberofhoursofeachexistingjob,thusofferingmorepositionstothegrowingnumberofunemployedpeople.Jobsharing,bycontrast,isnotdesignedtoaddressunemploymentproblems;itsfocus,rather,istoprovidewellpaidworkforskilledworkersandprofessionalswhowantmorefreetimeforotheractivities.

Aswouldbeexpected,mostjobsharersarewomen.Asurveycardedoutin1988byBritain'sEqualOpportunitiesCommissionshowedthat78percentofsharerswerefemale,themajorityofwhomwerebetween20and40yearsofage.Subsequentstudieshavecomeupwithsimilarresults.Manyofthesewomenwerereenteringthejobmarketafterhavinghadchildren，buttheychosenottoseekparttimeworkbecauseitwouldhavemeantlowerstatus.Jobsharingalsoofferedanacceptableshiftbackintofulltimeworkafteralongabsence.

Thenecessityofclosecooperationwhensharingajobwithanotherpersonmakestheactualworkquitedifferentfromconventionalonepositionjobs.However，toensureagreaterchancethatthepartnershipwillsucceed,eachpersonneedstoknowthestrengths,weaknessesandpreferencesofhisorherpartnerbeforeapplyingforaposition.Moreover,theremustbeafairdivisionofbothroutinetasksandinterestingones.Insum,forapositiontobejobsharedwell,thetwoindividualsmustbewellmatchedandmusttreateachotherasequals.

本文讲述了“jobsharing”这一新的工作形式的特征及其要求。

9．Inwhatwayisworksharingdifferentfromjobsharing?

A.Worksharingrequiresmoreworkinghours.

B.Worksharingisaimedatcreatingmorejobs.

C.Worksharingprovidesamoresatisfactorysalary.

D.Worksharingdependsontheemployer'sdecision.

答案：

B。

事实细节题。

由第3段首句中的“worksharing,whichreferstoincreasingthenumberofjobs...”可知which引导的定语从句修饰worksharing，由此推出答案。

10．AccordingtoParagraph4,youngmotherspreferredjobsharingtoconventionalparttimeworkmainybecause________.

A.theysoughthighersocialstatus

B.theywereoveridealworkingages

C.theyhaddifficultyfindingfulltimejobs

D.theyhadtotakecareofbothworkandfamily

答案：

A。

推理判断题。

由第4段倒数第2句可推知这些年轻妇女们选择jobsharing这一工作形式是为了寻求更高的社会地位。

故选A。

11．Injobsharingthepartnersshould________.

A.enjoyequalsocialstatusB.havesimilarworkexperience

C.keepintouchwitheachotherD.knoweachotherverywell

答案：

D。

事实细节题。

由尾段后半段的内容可知D项正确。

12．Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________.

A.describejobsharingingeneralB.discusshowtoprovidemorejobs

C.recommendjobsharingtowomenD.comparejobsharingwithworksharing

答案：

A。

主旨大意题。

总览全文可知本文旨在大体上描述“jobsharing”这一工作形式。

故选A。

阅读理解。

阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项。

Youarebusyfillingouttheapplicationformforapositionyoureallyneed；let'sassumeyouonceactuallycompletedacoupleofyearsofcollegework