综合教程2版1册U10 部分练习答案及注解.docx
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综合教程2版1册U10部分练习答案及注解
.VocabularyAnalysis
1.Phrasepractice
1.longtodo=eagertodo渴望做
.Thegirllongedtodancebeforealargecrowd.小女孩渴望在众人面前跳舞。
2.longfor=desiretohave渴望拥有
.Peoplearoundtheworldarelongingforpeace.世界各地的人民却渴望和平。
Shehasbeenlongingforhimeversinceheleft.自从他离开以后,她一直在想他。
3.inperil=ingreatdanger处于危险之中
.Scientistsareracingagainsttimetosavetheanimalsinperil.科学家们正与时间竞赛拯救处于危险之中的动物。
Humanbeing’shuntingputwildanimalsinperil.人类的捕猎使野生动物处于危险之中。
4.seeeverythingblackandwhite=interpretallthingsaseitherrightorwrong认为什么事情都是非对即错
.Studentsshouldbetaughtnottoseeeverythingblackandwhite.要教会学生不能认为什么事情都是非对即错的。
Simonisstubbornandseeseverythingblackandwhite.西门很固执,认为什么事情不是对就是错。
2.Wordcomparison
1.
gratitude:
thestateoffeelinggrateful
.IwishtoexpressmygratitudetoDr.Wangforherimmensepracticalhelp.
grateful:
showingorexpressingthanks,especiallytoanotherperson
.I’msogratefulforallthatyou’vedone.
thank:
totellsomeonethatyouarepleasedandgratefulforsomethingtheyhavedone,ortobepoliteaboutit
.Ihaven’thadachancetothankhimyet.
2.
solitary:
asolitaryobjectisalone,withnoothersnearthem
.Helivedinasolitarywoodland.
singular:
usedwhentalkingorwritingaboutonething
.Thisisasingularpointofviewthatmakesallthedifferenceoveralifetime.
exclusive:
availableorbelongingonlytoparticularpeople,andnotshared
.Wehaveexclusiveaccesstothelibraryarchives.
alone:
whenyouarealone,youarenotwithanyotherpeople
.Hewasallaloneinthemiddleofthehall.
3.
burstinto:
tosuddenlybegintodosomething
.Muchtomysurprisemylittlesonburstintosongs.
burstout:
tosuddenlysaysomethinginaforcefulway
.“Idon’tbelieveit!
”sheburstoutangrily.
burstin:
tointerruptsomethingbyenteringaroom,inawaythatembarrassesyouorotherpeople
.I’msorrytoburstinonyoulikethis.
4.
linger:
ifyoulingersomewhere,youstaythereforalongertimethanisnecessary
.Thisisadrearylittletownwherefewwouldchoosetolinger.
wander:
towalkaroundslowlyinarelaxedwayorwithoutanyclearpurposeordirection
.Wespentthemorningwanderingaroundtheoldpartofthecity.
haunt:
ifthesoulofadeadpersonhauntsaplace,itappearsthereoften
.Thepubissaidtobehauntedbytheghostofaformerlandlord.
loaf:
toavoidactivity,especiallywork
.Thosewholoafalldayanddonothingaresocialparasites.
5.
diginto:
totrytofindoutaboutsomethingunknownorsecret
.Hehadbeendiggingintoherpast.
dipinto:
putthehandintoacontainerinordertotakesomethingoutofit
.Askthechildrentoguesswhat’sineachcontainerbydippingtheirhandsin.
probeinto:
toaskquestionsinordertofindthingsout
.Thescientistprobedintothesecretofchemsitry.
6.
resolve:
ifyouresolvetodosomething,youmakeafirmdecisiontodoit
.Sheresolvedtoreportthemattertothehospital’snursingmanager.
solve:
tofindananswertoaproblem
.Thisstrategycouldcausemoreproblemsthanitsolves.
involve:
ifanactivityorsituationinvolvessomething,thatthingispartofitoraresultofit
.Ididn’trealizeputtingonaplayinvolvedsomuchwork.
revolve:
ifyousaythatonethingrevolvesaroundanotherthing,youmeanthatthesecondthingisthemainfeatureorfocusofthefirstthing
.Myliferevolvesaroundmyjob.
7.
makeoff:
toleavequickly,usuallyinordertoescape
.Theburglarsmadeoffbeforethepolicearrived.
makeaway:
tostealsomethingandtakeitawaywithyou
.Thievesmadeawaywiththecontentsofthesafe.
makeout:
tosee,hearorunderstandsomethingorsomeonewithdifficulty
.Ican’tmakeoutyourwriting.
8.
onhand:
closebyandreadywhenneeded
.Ourstaffarealwaysonhandtohelp.
inhand:
ifsomethingisinhand,itisbeingdoneordealtwith
.Sheseemedtohavethingsinhandbythetimeherhusbandreturned.
byhand:
doneormadebyapersonratherthanamachine
.Wehadtowashourclothesbyhand.
3.Synonym/Antonym
Givesynonymsorantonymsofthewordunderlinedineachsentenceinthesenseitisused.
1.MydebtistoanEnglishman,wholongagoinChinarenderedaninestimableservicetoasmallAmericanchild.
Synonyms:
invaluable,matchless,precious
2.Youmustpicturetoyourselfthatchild,livingquitesolitaryinaremoteChinesecountryside.
Antonyms:
sociable,accompanied,collective
3.Intheneardistancewoundthatdeep,treacherous,goldenriver,theYangtse.
Synonyms:
unreliable,untrustworthy
4.Shelovedtoseeoutofthatfloodcomeperhapsagainandagainanemptynet,butsometimesgreatflashing,twistingsilverbodiesoffish.
Antonyms:
full,plenty,abundant
5.Theyweretoobusytopaymuchheedtoher.
Synonyms:
attention,notice,regard
6.ShetookOliverTwistoutofhisplaceandingreatperildescended.
Antonyms:
ascend,rise,arise
7.Shelingeredbesidevillagesofboatfolk,andsawthemlive.
Synonyms:
stay,remain
8.Shewas,sheknew,veryalien.
Antonyms:
native,familiar,local
4.Sentencerephrasing
Rephraseeachofthefollowingsentenceswiththewordgiveninbrackets.
1.Thelawsaysyoumustensureyourchildreceivesapropereducation.(obligation)
Tip:
obligationn.duty任务,义务
.Areweunderobligationtoprovidefinancialsupporttothecompany
Key:
Youhavethelegalobligationtoensureyourchildreceivesapropereducation.
2.Thelargeamountoftimetheyspentgettingtheengineintoperfectconditionwassurprising.(immense)
Tip:
immenseadj.huge巨大的
.Curiosityisatreasurewithimmensevalue.
Key:
Theyspentasurprisinglyimmenseamountoftimegettingtheengineintoperfectcondition.
3.Sorrytoarriveallofasuddenlikethis,butwehadnotimetophone.(descend)
Tip:
descendv.movedownward下降
.Thesundescendedbehindthemountain.
descendoncallonsb.withoutnotice突然到来
.Visitorsdescendonusandruintheday.
Key:
Sorrytodescendonyoulikethis,butwehadnotimetophone.
4.MarkandImanagedtocleanupthehousebeforeourparentsgothome.(straighten)
Tip:
straightenv.makeclean弄直
.Shetwitchedthecorneroftheblankettostraightenit.
straightenupmakestraight弄干净
.You’dbetterstraightenupyourhouse.
Key:
MarkandImanagedtostraightenupthehousebeforeourparentsgothome.
5.IthinkImustbecomingdownwithflu—I’vebeenfeelinglowandillallday.(wretched.)
Tip:
wretchedadj.poor,miserable可怜不幸的
.Thewretchedboywasbeggingalongthestreetagain.
Key:
IthinkImustbecomingdownwithflue—I’vebeenfeelingwretchedallday.
6.Thegovernmentmadeadecisiontotakefurtheractionsagainstcorruption.(resolve)
Tip:
resolvev.decide决心
.Heresolvedthatnothingcanholdhimback.
Key:
Thegovernmentresolvedtotakefurtheractionsagainstcorruption.
7.TheyoungEnglishteacherthoughtsohighlyofpoetrythathetaughtitwithextremeenthusiasm.(missionary)
Tip:
missionaryadj.relatedtoreligiousmission与传教有关的,有使命的
.Ourmissionaryworkhadanimportantbreakthough.
Key:
TheyoungEnglishteacherthoughtsohighlyofpoetrythathetaughtitwithmissionaryzeal.
8.There’soneruleforherandanotherruleforeveryoneelseandit’ssheerdoubledealing.(hypocrisy)
Tip:
hypocrisyn.insincerity伪善,虚伪
.Wearesofedupwithhishypocrisy.
Key:
There’soneruleforherandanotherruleforeveryoneelseandit’smerehypocrisy.
.GrammarExercises
1.Thepassivevoice
Apassiveconstructionoccurswhenyoumaketheobjectofanactionintothesubjectofasentence.Thatis,whoeverorwhateverisperformingtheactionisnotthegrammaticalsubjectofthesentence.
ThePassiveisformed:
PassiveSubject+ToBe+PastParticiple.Iftheagentisimportant(theperson,companyorthingthatdoestheaction),use“by”.Ifitisnotdefiniteanddoesnotcarryanyessentialinformation,itcanbeomitted.
※Onlyverbsthattakeanobjectcanbeusedinthepassivevoice.
e.g.Housesarebuilt.
Mybikewasstolen.
Practice:
Completethefollowingsentenceswiththeappropriateformoftheverbsgiven.
1.Peopleweresurprisedtofindthatanenormoushole____________(cut)inthesteeldoorbytheburglars.
2.It’shightimethathe_____________(tell)tostopbehavinglikeachild.
3.Asshe_____________(climb)theladder,itslippedsidewaysandshefelloffit.
4.Iknowanewfilm_____________(show)atthecinemathesedays.
5.Iknowanewfilm_____________(show)atthecinemaintwodays.
6.Iknowanewfilm_____________(show)atthecinemarecently.
Keys:
1.hadbeencut
2.wastold(Thepasttenseisusedtoshowthehypotheticalmeaning.)
3.wasclimbing(Theactivevoiceisusedbecausethesubjectofthesentenceistheonewhoperformstheaction.)
4.arebeingshown(Thepresentcontinuoustenseisusedbecause“thesedays”referstoaperiodoftimeinwhichanactioniscontinuouslybeingperformed.)
5.willbeshown(“Intwodays”referstosometimeinthefuture.)
6.hasbeenshown(Theadverb“recently”isamarkerofpresentperfecttense.)
2.Subordination
Subordination(abbreviatedvariouslysubord,sbrd,subrorsr)isacomplexsyntacticconstructioninwhichoneormoreclausesaredependentonthemainclause.Dependentclausesarealsocalled“subordinateclauses”.
Subordinateclausesareintroducedbyasubordinatingconjunction,suchas,after,although,asmuchas,aslongas,assoonas,because,before,if,inorderthat,lest,since,sothat,than,that,though,unless,until,when,whenever,where,wherever,whether,andwhile,etc.
.Idon'tknowifGe