苏教版本16年级英语语法复习要点.docx
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苏教版本16年级英语语法复习要点
苏教版1-6小学英语语法复习要点
一、名词复数规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:
book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:
bus-buses, box-boxes,
brush-brushes(刷子), watch-watches (手表)
3.以“辅音字母(a、e、i、o、u)+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:
family-families
4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:
knife-knives
5.不规则名词复数:
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen,
policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice(老鼠) child-children (孩子)
foot-feet,tooth-teeth (牙齿)fish-fish, people-people,
Chinese-Chinese(中国人), Japanese-Japanese (日本人)
写出下列各词的复数
I _________him _________this ___________her ______ watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______ day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______
man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________
water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________
二、一般现在时
一般现在时基本用法介绍
【No. 1】一般现在时的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。
如:
The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。
如:
I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
3.表示客观现实。
如:
The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
①一般现在时的构成
1.be动词:
主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。
如:
I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
2.行为动词:
主语+行为动词(+其它)。
如:
We study English.我们学习英语。
当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。
如:
Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
②一般现在时的变化
1. be动词的变化。
否定句:
主语+ be + not +其它。
如:
He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句:
Be +主语+其它。
如:
-Are you a student?
-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
特殊疑问句:
疑问词+一般疑问句。
如:
Where is my bike?
2.行为动词的变化。
否定句:
主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。
如:
I don't like bread.
当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。
如:
He doesn't often play.
一般疑问句:
Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。
如:
- Do you often play football?
- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。
如:
- Does she go to work by bike?
- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
特殊疑问句:
疑问词+一般疑问句。
如:
How does your father go to work?
动词+s的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:
cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:
guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:
study-studies
一般现在时用法专练:
一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________ look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____
come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________
study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
12. They _______(have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _______(do) your homework well.
15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.
20. -What day _______(be) it today?
- It’s Saturday.
三、按照要求改写句子
1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答) ________________________________________________________ ____________________________
3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答)
_______________________________________________________ ____________________________
4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答) ________________________________________________________ ____________________________________
5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)
_______________________________________________________
6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)
8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)
___________________________________________________
9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
五、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)
1. Is your brother speak English?
__________________
2. Does he likes going fishing?
__________________
3. He likes play games after class. __________________
4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________
5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _________________
三、现在进行时
1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing. 3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
动词加ing的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:
cook-cooking
2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:
make-making, taste-tasting
3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:
run-running, stop-stopping 现在进行时专项练习:
一、写出下列动词的现在分词:
play________ run__________ swim _________make__________
go_________ like________ write________ _ski___________ read___have_________ sing ________ dance_________ put_________
see________ buy _________ love____________ live_______ take_____ come ________ get_________ stop_________ sit ________
begin________ shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look!
the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
8.What is our granddaughter doing?
She _________(listen ) to music.
9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We ________(have)supper now.
10.______Helen_____(wash )clothes?
Yes ,she is .
三、句型转换:
1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)
_____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________
2.The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3.I’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)
___________________________________________________________
4.Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)
___________________________________________________________
四、将来时理论及练习
一、概念:
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
句中一般有以下时间状语:
tomorrow, next day(week, month, year„),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等。
二、基本结构:
①be going to + do; ②will+ do.
三、否定句:
在be动词(am, is, are)l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。
例如:
I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→
I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.
四、一般疑问句:
be或will提到句首,some改为any, and改为or,第一二人称互换。
例如:
We are going to go on an outthis weekend. →
Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?
五、对划线部分提问。
一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。
1. 问人。
Who 例如:
I’m going to New York soon. →
Who’s going to New York soon.
2.问干什么。
What …… do.
例如:
My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.
3.问什么时候。
When.
例如:
She’s going to go to bed at nine. →
When is she going to bed?
六、同义句:
be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow= I will go swimming tomorrow.
填空。
1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.
I ________ have a picnic with my friends.
2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛?
我想去打篮球。
What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday?
I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.
What _________ you do next Monday?
I ________ play basketball.
3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?
是,她要去买一些水果。
_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________?
Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.
4. 你们打算什么时候见面。
What time _______ you _________ __________ meet?
改句子。
5.Nancy is going to go camping.(改否定)
Nancy ________ going to go camping.
6. I’ll go and join them.(改否定) I _______ go ______ join them.
7. I’m going to get up at 6:
30 tomorrow.(改一般疑问句)
________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:
30 tomorrow?
8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:
30.(改一般疑问句)
_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:
30.
9. She is going to listen to music after school.(对划线部分提问)
________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school?
10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)
_________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.
用所给词的适当形式填空。
11. Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.
12. My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week.
13. Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He ______________ (go) to school by bike.
14. What do you usually do at weekends?
I usually __________ (watch) TV and ____________(catch) insects?
15. It’s Friday today. What _____she _________ (do) this weekend?
She ______________ (watch) TV and _____________ (catch) insects.
16. What ___________ (d0) you do last Sunday?
I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm. What ______________ (do) next Sunday?
I ______________ (milk) cows.
17. Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.
18. Liu Tao ____________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.
19. David ______________ (give) a puppet show next Monday.
20. I ________________ (plan) for my study now.
五、一般过去时
1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。
一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。
2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:
⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。
(was not=wasn’t)
⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。
(were not=weren’t)
⑶带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句:
didn’t +动词原形,如:
Jim didn’t go home yesterday.
一般疑问句:
在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。
如:
Did Jim go home