学年人教版英语必修三新素养同步讲义Unit 5 Canada Section Ⅳ Grammar Word版含答案.docx

学年人教版英语必修三新素养同步讲义Unit 5 Canada Section Ⅳ Grammar Word版含答案.docx

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学年人教版英语必修三新素养同步讲义Unit5CanadaSectionⅣGrammarWord版含答案

SectionⅣ　Grammar

同位语从句

1．（教材P34）Thethoughtthattheycouldcrossthewholecontinentwasexciting.

2．（教材P34）SomepeoplehavetheideathatyoucancrossCanadainlessthanfivedays,buttheyforgetthefactthatCanadais5，500kilometresfromcoasttocoast.

3．（教材P34）ThegirlsweresurprisedatthefactthatoceanshipscansailuptheGreatLakes.

同位语从句是用来解释说明前面名词的内容和实质的从句。

它总是跟在某一个名词的后面。

常见的后跟同位语从句的名词

同位语从句用于某些名词之后，说明该名词的具体内容，如fact,hope,thought,suggestion,idea,news,problem,possibility,truth,decision,evidence,opinion,feeling,belief,message,doubt,warning,question,request等，同位语从句对前面的名词起解释说明的作用。

◆WeareveryexcitedatthenewsthatourChineseathleteswonmanygoldmedals.　听到我们中国运动员赢得了许多金牌的消息我们非常激动。

◆Thefactthattheamountofcarbondioxideintheatmosphereisincreasingworriesusall.

大气中二氧化碳含量上升的事实让我们所有的人都很担心。

引导同位语从句的连接词

1．连接词that和whether

（1）that

◆TomtoldmethenewsthatBenwonthematch.

汤姆告诉我一个消息，本赢了比赛。

（2）whether

◆Ihavenoideawhethertheywillgiveusenoughhelp.

我不知道他们能否给我们足够的帮助。

◆Thereissomedoubtwhetherhecanadapttowarmdryclimatehere.

他能否适应这里温暖干燥的气候还不确定。

在同位语从句中that,whether不作成分，that只起连接作用，无任何实际意义，不可省略。

whether表示“是否”，if不能替换whether。

【即时演练1】——根据语境，填入适当的引导词

①（2018·天津卷）Thepossibilitythatthereislifeonotherplanetsintheuniversehasalwaysinspiredscientiststoexploretheouterspace.

②（2016·天津卷）Themanagerputforwardasuggestionthatweshouldhaveanassistant.Thereistoomuchworktodo.

③Hehasn’tmadethedecisionwhetherhewillgothere.

④We’lldiscusstheproblemwhetherthesportsmeetingwillbeheldontime.

2．连接代词和连接副词

连接代词（what,who,which等）和连接副词（when,why,where等），具有实际意义，同时在同位语从句中作一定成分，一般不省略。

◆Ihavenoideawhathewillgiveme.

我不知道他要给我什么。

◆Thequestionwhowilltakehisplaceisstillnotclear.

谁将会坐上他的位置这一问题还不确定。

◆Wehaven’tyetsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation.

到哪儿去过暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。

◆Wehavenoideawhenshewasborn.

我们不知道她什么时候出生的。

【即时演练2】——根据语境，填入适当的引导词

①Hehadnoideawhatwaslikelytohappennext.

②Theproblemhowwecancollectsomuchmoneyisdifficulttosolve.

③Idon’tknowwhentomeetherbecauseIhavenoideawhenshewillbeback.

同位语从句和定语从句的区别

1．意义

同位语从句说明前面的名词所表示的具体内容，用连接词引导，不可省略。

定语从句是对名词进行修饰和限定，用关系词引导，在句子中充当一定的句子成分，关系词作宾语时可以省略。

2．先行词

同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽象名词，而定语从句所修饰的词没有限制。

◆Theideathatyoucandothisjobwellwithoutthinkingiswrong.（that引导同位语从句，不作成分，无词义）

你能够不思考就做好这份工作的想法是错误的。

◆Theideathathegavesurprisesmanypeople.（that引导定语从句并在从句中作gave的宾语）

他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊。

同位语从句用法口诀

同位语从句似“定从”，两种句式有异同；

从句均在名词后，定“限”同“释”要分清；

定从“that”宾可省，同位从句“that”不可省。

【即时演练3】——指出下面的句子是定语从句还是同位语从句

①ThefactthattheChinesepeopleinventedthecompassisknowntoall.同位语从句

②Thefactthatwetalkedaboutisveryimportant.定语从句

③Ihavenoideawhentheywillcome.同位语从句

④I’llneverforgetthedayswhenIlivedthere.定语从句

同位语从句中的虚拟语气

名词suggestion,order,demand,command,request等后的同位语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“（should）do”的形式。

◆Thesuggestionthateveryone（should）makeeffortstobeautifyourcampusisnecessary.

每个人都应尽力来美化校园的建议是必要的。

◆Thecommandergaveanorderthatthetroops（should）advance10miles.

司令官下达了命令让军队前进10英里。

【即时演练4】——完成句子

①所有士兵立刻动身出发的命令是由将军下达的。

Theorderthatallthesoldiersshouldsetoffatoncewasgivenbythegeneral.

②有一项建议是布朗应该离队。

TherewasasuggestionthatBrownshouldleavetheteam．

用适当的连接词填空

1．Youshouldfacetherealitythatyouprobablywon’tgeteverythingyouwant.

2．Weallfeelsorryaboutthenewsthathefailedinthegame.

3．Ihavenoideawhowillbeinchargeofthecompanywhenthemanagerisaway.

4．Wehaven’tsettledthequestionwhetheritisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad.

5．We’vejustheardawarningontheradiothatahurricaneislikelytocome.

6．Ihavenoideawhyyouaresotiredeveryday.

7．Ihavenoideawhyhegaveupthewellpaidposition.

8．Jimhadnoideahowthedogmanagedtocomeoutofthecage.

9．Noonecananswerthequestionwhatlifewillbelikeinthedistantfuture.

10．Thequestionwhoshouldgoabroadhasn’tbeenansweredyet.

11．FathermadeapromisethatifIpassedtheexaminationhewouldbuymeabicycle.

12．Thesoldiersreceivedanorderthattheyshouldarriveatthetownbeforedawn.

13．Severaldayslater,wordcamethatthemissingboyhadbeenfound.

14．ThereisnoevidencethatIwaswrong.

15．Theyaroseaquestionwhere/how/whetherwecouldgetsomuchmoneywithinthreedays.

16．Thereisnodoubtthattheyarereallyhumanfootprints.

17．Thestorygoesthathefailedinthemathexaminationagain.

18．Doyouhaveanyideawhatiswrongwithmycomputer?

19．Theteachertoldmethefactthatitwasdeterminationandhardworkthatmadehersuccessful.

20．Thereissomedoubtwhetherhewillgiveusahandifweturntohimforhelp.

语法与写作

1．史密斯先生给了我一条建议：

去纽约工作。

Mr.SmithgavemeapieceofadvicethatIshouldgotoNewYorktowork．

2．我们不能忽视这个事实：

有些语言正在逐渐消失。

Wecan’tignorethefactthatsomelanguagesaregraduallydisappearing．

3．我的妈妈有一个强烈的信念：

教育能改变一个人的未来。

Mymotherhasastrongbeliefthateducationcanchangeaperson’sfuture．

4．我们还没解决这个问题：

谁将被派往加拿大参加那个会议。

Wehaven’tyetsettledthequestionwhowillbesenttoCanadaforthemeeting.

5．我们应该怎样去那里的问题还没决定。

Thequestionhowweshouldgotherehasn’tbeendecided.

6．有人怀疑约翰是否会准时到来。

ThereissomedoubtwhetherJohnwillcomeontime．

7．女排赢得冠军的消息大大地鼓舞了我们所有人。

Thenewsthatourwomenvolleyballteamhadwonthechampionshipencouragedusallgreatly.

8．我从王先生那里过来，带来一个消息，他说他今天下午不能来看你了。

IcamefromMr.Wangwithamessagethathewon’tbeabletoseeyouthisafternoon.

[学生用书P139（单独成册）]

单句语法填空

1．Thenewsshockedthepublicthatabuswith15passengersfellintotheriver.

2．Theproblemwhether/how/whenwecancollectenoughmoneyforthebigprojectisunknown.

3．IhavenoideahowPeterfinishedthetaskbyhimself.

4．ThereislittledoubtthattheInternetplaysaveryimportantroleinourlifeandwork.

5.HissecretaryhadnoideawhenMr.Leewouldcomeback,sohephonedtocheckthetime.

6．Thefactthathehasfullyrecoveredmakesmefeelgood.

7．Theprofessorshowedevidencethathispaperwasbasedonoriginalresearch.

8．Themanagerdidn’tanswerthequestionwhowouldtakehisplace.

9．Thefacthasworriedmanyscientiststhattheearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyears.

10．AwarmthoughtsuddenlycametomethatImightusethepocketmoneytobuysomeflowersformymother’sbirthday.

阅读理解

ThefirstpeopleinCanadacrossedtheBering

StraitfromAsia.InthenorththeInuitlivedbyhuntingseals,walruses（海象）andwhales.Theyalsohuntedcaribou（驯鹿）.Onthewestcoastpeoplehunteddeer,bearandbeaver.Theyalsofished.Ontheplainspeoplelivedbyhuntingbuffalo.Intheeastpeoplegrewcropsofbeans,squash,maizeandsunflowerseeds.

ThefirstEuropeanstoreachCanadaweretheVikings.In986aVikingcalledBjarniHerjolfssonwasblownoffcoursebyastormandhespottedanewland.Howeverhesailedawaywithoutlanding.In1001amannamedLeifErikssonlandedinthenewland,whichhenamedVinland（itwaspartofCanada）.HoweverErikssondidnotstaypermanently.LatertheVikingsdidestablishacolonyinNorthAmericabuttheyabandoneditbecauseofconflictwiththenatives.

HoweveraftertheVikingsCanadawasforgottenuntiltheendofthe15thcentury.In1497theEnglishkingHenryⅦsentanItaliannamedJohnCabotonanexpeditionacrosstheAtlantictoNewfoundland.CabotdiscoveredrichfishingwatersoffthecoastofCanada.

Thenin1534andin1535－1536aFrenchmannamedJacquesCartier（1491－1557）sailedontwoexpeditionstoCanada.On10August1535（StLawrence’sDay）hesailedintotheStLawrenceRiver,whichhenamedafterthesaint.

HowevernopermanentEuropeansettlementsweremadeinCanadauntiltheearly17thcentury.In1603aFrenchmannamedSamueldeChamplain（1567－1635）saileduptheStLawrenceRiver.In1604hefoundedPortRoyalinAcadia（NovaScotia）.In1608SamueldeChamplainfoundedQuebec.（ThenameQuebecisbelievedtobeanAlgonquinwordmeaninganarrowpartofariver.）In1642theFrenchfoundedMontreal.ThenewcolonyinCanadawascalledNewFrance.By1685thepopulationofNewFrancewasabout10,000.By1740itwas48,000.

【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。

文章主要讲述了加拿大人口的构成及城市逐渐形成的过程。

1．InwhichpartofCanadadidpeoplegrowcrops?

A．Inthenorth.B．Intheeast.

C．Onthewestcoast.D．Ontheplains.

B　解析：

细节理解题。

根据文章第一段最后一句Intheeastpeoplegrewcropsofbeans,squash,maizeandsunflowerseeds.可知答案。

2．WhowasthefirstEuropeantoreachCanada?

A．LeifEriksson.B．BjarniHerjolfsson.

C．JohnCabot.D．SamueldeChamplain.

B　解析：

细节理解题。

根据文章第二段前两句ThefirstEuropeanstoreachCanada...calledBjarniHerjolfssonwasblownoffcoursebyastormandhespottedanewland.可知，BjarniHerjolfsson是最早来到加拿大的欧洲人。

3．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?

A．EuropeanssetfootonCanada.

B．Europeansstartedexpeditions.

C．Europeansfoughtagainstthenatives.

D．Europeansbegantomakepermanentsettlements.

D　解析：

段落大意题。

文章最后一段第一句为该段的主题句。

4．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A．TheEarlyHistoryofCanada

B．TheLanguagesofCanada

C．EuropeansStartedExpeditions

D．TheWarBetweenEuropeansandCanadians

A　解析：

标题归纳题。

文章主要讲述了加拿大人口的构成及城市逐渐形成的过程。

综合来看，文章讲述了加拿大早期的历史。

完形填空

Asastudentinmyfinalyearofhighschool,Iamveryconcernedaboutcollege.Ispendmostdaysthinkingaboutthe__1__，hopingthatI’montherightpath.

I’minterestedinacareerin__2__，soIdecidedtovolunteerforserviceatthelocalhospital.Ithoughtitwouldbethebestofbothworlds：

__3__peoplewhilegettingvaluableonthejobexperience!

SoIwenttothebusinessoffice.__4__，thehospitaldirectorwasquitewillingtoletmeh