07082讲稿 泛读2.docx

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07082讲稿泛读2

ExtensiveReading

泛读

课程教案

20010-2011第二学期

MaXuesong

马雪松

2011年3月5日

外语学院

UnitOneTheShadowlandofDreams

I.BackgroundInformation

1.ALEXHALEY（1921-1992）

Americanbiographer,scriptwriter,authorwhobecamefamouswiththepublicationofthenovelROOTS.InitHaleytracedhisancestrybacktoAfricaandcoveredsevenAmericangenerations,startingfromhisancestor,KuntaKinte.Thebookwasadaptedtotelevisionseries,andwokeupaninterestingenealogy,particularlyamongAfrican-Americans.Haleyhimselfcommentedthatthebookwasnotsomuchhistoryasastudyofmythmaking:

"WhatRootsgetsatinwhateverform,isthatittouchesthepulseofhowalikewehumanbeingsarewhenyougetdowntothebottom,beneaththeseman-imposeddifferences."

Hesaidthatthreegroupsofpeoplelivedineveryvillage.Firstwerethoseyoucouldsee-walkingaround,eating,sleeping,andworking.Secondweretheancestors,whomGrandmaYaisahadnowjoined.

"Andthethirdpeople-whoarethey?

"askedKunta.

"Thethirdpeople,"saidOmoro,"arethosewaitingtobeborn."他说道，每个村落都住着三种人。

第一种是你看得到的人——在你周围走动，能吃、能睡、能工作。

第二种是祖先，也就是爱莎祖母刚刚加入的人们。

“那第三种呢？

是谁？

”康达问道。

“第三种——”欧玛若说道，“是尚待出生的人。

”（fromRoots）

AlexHaleywasborninIthaca,NewYork,asthesonofSimonAlexanderHaleyandtheformerBerthaGeorgePalmer.Haley'sfatherwasateacherofagriculture–hetaughtatseveralSoutherncolleges.In1921thefamilymovedtothesmalltownofHenning,Tennessee.Alexlivedthereforfiveyears.Hisgrandfatherownedthelocallumbercompanyandwhenhedied,Haley'sfathertookoverthebusiness.Alex'smothertaughtinthelocalelementaryschool.ShediedwhenAlexwas10andhisfatherremarriedtwoyearslater.InHenningAlexheardstoriesfromhismaternalgrandmother,CynthiaPalmer,whotracedthefamilygenealogytoHaley'sgreat-great-great-great-grandfather,whowasanAfrican,called"Kin-tay".Hewasbroughtbyslave-shiptoAmericaandnamedToby.

Haleydidnotexcelatschooloruniversity.From1937to1939hestudiedatElizabethCityTeachersCollegeinNorthCarolina.DuringWWIIHaleyenlistedintheCoastGuardasamessboy.In1941hemarriedNannieBranch.Themarriageendedindivorcein1964,andinthesameyearHaleymarriedJulietteCollins.Theyindivorcedin1972.Haley'sthirdwifewastheformerMyraLewisofLosAngeles."I'mjustnotastationaryhusband,"Haleyoncesaid.

Hewastheoldestofthreesons（GeorgeandJulius）,wasborntoSimonandBertha（Palmer）HaleyonAugust11,1921,inIthaca,NewYork.Sixweeksafterhisbirth,SimonandBerthareturnedtoHenning,Tennessee,andpresentedWillandCynthiaPalmerwiththeirgrandson,AlexHaley.AlexandhismotherremainedwiththePalmers,whileSimonreturnedtoCornellUniversitytocompletehisgraduatestudiesinagriculture.AfterthedeathofWillPalmerin1926,SimonHaleyjoinedhiswifeandfamilyinHenningandoperatedthePalmerbusiness.In1929,SimonHaleybeganhisteachingcareer,andthefamilymoved.Twoyearsaftertheyrelocated,BerthaHaleydiedinNormal,Alabama.

Attheageoffifteen,AlexHaleywasgraduatedfromhighschool.Heattendedcollegefortwoyears,andthenin1939heenlistedintheUnitedStatesCoastGuardasamessboy.WhileintheCoastGuard,hebeganwritingshortstories;itwouldbeeightyearslater,however,beforeanyofhisstorieswerepublished.ApproximatelythirteenyearsafterenteringtheCoastGuard,Haleybecamechiefjournalist.Aftertwentyyearsofmilitaryservice,Haleyretiredin1959.Uponhisretirement,heembarkeduponanewcareerasawriter.HebecameanassignmentwriterforReader'sDigestmagazineandlaterwasassociatedwithPlayboymagazine,whereheinauguratedthe"PlayboyInterviews"feature.Soonhewasrecognizedforhisinsightfulandin-depthinterviews.HisinterviewsofMalcolmXleadtohisfirstbook,TheAutobiographyofMalcolmX:

AsToldtoAlexHaley（1965）.Translatedintoeightlanguages,thisliteraryworkaccordedHaleyfameasanauthor.

AlexHaleyreceivedthe1976NationalBookAwardforRoots.In1977,HaleyreceivedthePulitzerPrize,aswellastheSpingarnMedalfromtheNationalAssociationfortheAdvancementofColored.In1989,HaleybecamethefirstpersontoreceiveanhonorarydegreefromtheCoastGuardAcademy.TheStateofTennesseehonoredHaleywhenitpurchasedandrestoredhisboyhoodhome.HistoricallyknownasthePalmerHouse,theten-roombungalow-stylehouseislocatedinthesmallincorporatedtownofHenning,Tennessee,inLauderdaleCounty.Thefirststate-ownedhistoricsiteinWestTennesseeandthefirststate-ownedhistoricsitedevotedtoAfricanAmericansinTennessee,itwaslistedintheNationalRegisterofHistoricPlacesonDecember14,1978.AstatehistoricalmarkerplacedatthesitetellsofHaley'sinspirationforRoots.

    AlexHaleydiedonFebruary10,1992.OnFebruary15,afterfuneralservicesinMemphis,hisbodywasconveyedtoHenningandinterredinthefrontgroundsoftheAlexHaleyBoyhoodHome.

2.NAACP:

NationalAssociationfortheAdvancementofColoredPeople

TheNationalAssociationfortheAdvancementofColoredPeople（NAACP）hasbeeninstrumentalinimprovingthelegal,educational,andeconomiclivesofAfricanAmericans.CombiningthewhitephilanthropicsupportthatcharacterizedBookerT.Washington'saccommodationistorganizationswiththecallforracialjusticedeliveredbyW.E.B.DuBois'smilitantNiagaraMovement,theNAACPforgedamiddleroadofinterracialcooperation.ThroughoutitsexistenceithasworkedprimarilythroughtheAmericanlegalsystemtofulfillitsgoalsoffullsuffrageandothercivilrights,andanendtosegregationandracialviolence.SincetheendoftheCivilRightsMovementofthe1950sand1960s,however,theinfluenceoftheNAACPhaswaned,andithassuffereddecliningmembershipandaseriesofinternalscandals.

3.Spingarnmedal:

TheSpingarnMedalisawardedannuallybytheNationalAssociationfortheAdvancementofColoredPeopleforoutstandingachievementbyablackAmerican,createdbyNAACPpresidentJoelEliasSpingarnin1914.

II.Vocabulary

1.poverty:

thestateofonewholacksausualorsociallyacceptableamountofmoneyormaterialpossessionsb:

renunciationasamemberofareligiousorderoftherightasanindividualtoownproperty2:

SCARCITY,DEARTH3a:

debilityduetomalnutritionb:

lackoffertilitysynonymsPOVERTY,INDIGENCE,PENURY,WANT

2.superintendent:

onewhohasexecutiveoversightandchargessuperintendentadjective

3.freelance:

ausuallyfreelance:

amercenarysoldierespeciallyoftheMiddleAges:

CONDOTTIEREb:

apersonwhoactsindependentlywithoutbeingaffiliatedwithorauthorizedbyanorganization2:

apersonwhopursuesaprofessionwithoutalong-termcommitmenttoanyoneemployer

4.siren:

oftencapitalized:

anyofagroupoffemaleandpartlyhumancreaturesinGreekmythologythatluredmarinerstodestructionbytheirsinging2a:

awomanwhosingswithenchantingsweetnessb:

TEMPTRESSc:

TEMPTATION2a:

anapparatusproducingmusicaltonesespeciallyinacousticalstudiesbytherapidinterruptionofacurrentofair,steam,orfluidbyaperforatedrotatingdiskb:

adeviceoftenelectricallyoperatedforproducingapenetratingwarningsound*anambulancesiren**anair-raidsiren*

5.wellup:

intransitiveverb1:

torisetothesurfaceandusuallyflowforth*tearswelledfromhereyes*2:

toriselikeafloodofliquid*longingwelledupinhisbreast*transitiveverb:

toemitinacopiousfreeflow

6.plunge:

transitiveverb1:

tocausetopenetrateorenterquicklyandforciblyintosomething*plungedthedagger*2:

tocausetoenterastateorcourseofactionusuallysuddenly,unexpectedly,orviolently*plungedthenationintoeconomicdepression*intransitiveverb1:

tothrustorcastoneselfintoorasifintowater2a:

tobecomepitchedorthrownheadlongorviolentlyforwardanddownward;also:

tomoveoneselfinsuchamanner*plungedoff

7.morsel:

1:

asmallpieceoffood:

BITE2:

asmallquantity:

FRAGMENT3a:

atastydishb:

somethingdelectableandpleasing4:

anegligibleperson

8.veteran:

1a:

anoldsoldieroflongserviceb:

aformermemberofthearmedforces2:

apersonoflongexperienceusuallyinsomeoccupationorskill（aspoliticsorthearts）

9.crumple:

transitiveverb1:

topress,bend,orcrushoutofshape:

RUMPLE2:

tocausetocollapseintransitiveverb1:

tobecomecrumpled2:

COLLAPS

10.dazzle:

intransitiveverb1:

toloseclearvisionespeciallyfromlookingatbrightlight2a:

toshinebrilliantlyb:

toarouseadmirationbyanimpressivedisplaytransitiveverb1:

tooverpowerwithlight2:

toimpressdeeply,overpower,orconfoundwithbrilliance*dazzleduswithherwit*

11.riptide:

n.1Runningtidethatbreaksagainstanopposingtideandresultsinviolentagitationofthewater.潮水互擊而產生的激流。

2Violentencounterofconflictingforces.【喻】激烈的衝突；會戰。

transitiveverb1a:

totearorsplitapartoropenb:

tosaworsplit（wood）withthegrain2:

toslashorslitwithorasifwithasharpblade3:

tohitsharply*rippedadoubletoleftfield*4:

toutterviolently:

spitout*rippedoutanoath*5:

CRITICIZE,DISPARAGE

12.huddle:

transitiveverb1British:

toarrangecarelesslyorhurriedly2a:

tocrowdtogetherb:

todraw（oneself）together:

CROUCH3:

towrapcloselyin（asclothes）intransitiveverb1a:

togatherinaclose-packedgroupb:

tocurlup:

CROUCH2a:

toholdaconsultation

13.bleak:

:

exposedandbarrenandoftenwindswept2:

COLD,RAW*ableakNovemberevening*3a:

lackinginwarmth,life,orkindliness:

GRIMb:

nothopefulorencouraging:

DEPRESSING*ableakoutlook*c:

severely