英语SAT写作阅读同义词总结.docx
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英语SAT写作阅读同义词总结
Will
意志
Thewillislimitless,butthebehaviorshouldalsobeconfinedbymanyregulations.
虽然意志是无限的，但实际行为也应该被许多规矩所限定。
--莎士比亚
众所周知，作文是由段落构成的，段落是由句子构成的，而句子则是由单词构成的。
根据官方的写作评分标准，我们可以得出两条关于词汇的“TWINS”原则：
一致性与多样性！
●一致性：
我们在写作的时候，所使用的词汇的级别不能出现“此起彼伏”的间断或波浪的感觉。
也就是说，我们在写作的时候要尽量使用接近级别的词汇：
不要在文章的绝大多数部分都是使用的CET-4（大学四级）、CET-6（大学六级）这样的大学词汇，而突然在某些段落或者某些句子中突然出现一些只有在英语系专业8级考试中或者GRE/GMAT/LSAT/SAT考试中才会见到的生僻词汇！
因为这样不但不会给阅卷人你的词汇量很大的感觉，反而会给阅卷人留下华而不实的印象。
下面的150对近义词之所以我都给出英文的例句就是因为我们在写作中要求的词汇虽然具备CET-6（大学六级）就足够了，但是写作还要求确切地掌握词汇在具体语境下的使用方法。
●多样性：
我们在写作的时候，如果在句子或段落中需要再次用到同一个中文意思的时候就必须替换掉原来使用的那个英文单词。
这是一种体现考生写作基本功的重要方面，同时也是ETS的阅卷老师非常喜欢以及希望看到的。
下面的150对近义词是我综合了许多优秀的满分作文以及结合自己的教学研究后收集整理的最高频的近义词，希望大家能仔细体会、熟练掌握。
当然，如果你自己觉得还有可以补充的地方，也可以自己用一个本子加上或者补充在本书的空白之处。
1.安静的
Quiet:
Ipreferquietsoothingmusic.
Tranquil:
Hegrewupinatranquilvillage.
Peaceful:
Thechildrenlooksopeacefulwhentheyaresleeping.
Placid:
Youcanseefishesundertheplacidwaterofthelake.
Pacific:
Thehotelissetinpacificsurroundings.
Still:
JustsitstillandIwillfinishtheworkinaminute.
Sedate:
Thecouplewalkedatasedatepace.
Restful:
Thereisarestfulqualityaboutthatapartment.
2.昂贵的
Expensive:
Itcanbeveryexpensivetotrainnewpersonnel.
Costly:
Changingyourcompany’smanagementstylecanbeacostlybusiness.
Valuable:
Wheredidyougetthevaluablecollectionofpaintings?
Invaluable:
Thoseinvaluableancientscrollswerealldestroyedbythefire.
Precious:
Hereisahistorichousewithrareandpreciouscontents.
Priceless:
Thesupremecraftsmanshipofthissculpturemakesitpriceless.
3.保护
Safeguard:
Wehopethatworldleaderscanagreeonaplantosafeguardtheenvironment.
Protect:
Areyoupreparedtoprotectyourselfincaseofattack?
Shield:
Winsonshieldedhereyesagainstthesun’sglare.
Secure:
Wehavedoneourbesttosecuretheembassyagainstterroristattacks.
Defend:
Thousandsofyoungmencameforward,willingtodefendtheircountry.
Guard:
Thereweretwosoldiersguardingthemaingate.
4.抱怨
Yammer:
Donotyammeranymore,OK?
Wehaveworktodo.
Complain:
Winsonisalwayscomplainingaboutsomething.Whycannothebepleasant?
Gripe:
Thebossdidnotwanthisemployeestohaveanythingtogripeabout.
Grumble:
Winsonhaseverythingheneedsandhasnothingtogrumbleabout.
Moan:
Stopmoaning,itdoesn’thelpsolveyourtrouble.
Whine:
Donotbeababyandwhineabouttrifles.
5.本地的
Native:
Mywife’sanativeNewYorker,butIamfromAtlanta.
Aboriginal:
Thislastbitofaboriginallifeshouldbepreserved.
Indigenous:
PandasareindigenoustoChina.
Domestic:
Thedomesticeconomyshowednoimprovement.
Native-born:
Somenative-bornAmericansobjectedtonewimmigrantsenteringtheircountry.
Local:
Thelocalnewspaperregardsitselfasthevoiceofthecommunity.
6.必要的
Necessary:
Whattypeofclothingisnecessaryforsurvivalatthesealtitudes?
Needful:
Youhavepromisedtodowhatisneedful.
Indispensable:
Internationalcooperationisindispensabletoresolvingtheproblemofthedrugtrade.
Essential:
Inlargeorganizations,goodinternalcommunicationisessential.
7.避免
Avoid:
Theycouldnotavoidbeingdrawnintotheargument.
Dodge:
Shoppershadtododgeflyingglasswhenthebombexploded.
Elude:
Thecriminaleludedtheauthoritiesforsixyears.
Evade:
Thearmedrobbersevadedcapture,escapinginastolenvehicle.
Shun:
Winsonshunnedhisfriendsbylivingaloneinthewoods.
Keepawayfrom:
Youcannotkeepthekidsawayfromthecomputer.
8.表明或证明正当（或有理）
Warrant:
Theyarenowofsufficientstandingtowarranttheirenteringthemarriedstate.
Legitimize:
Themayorwantstolegitimizethecurrentorder.
Substantiate:
ThehypothesiswassubstantiatedsoonafterwardbyWinson’sdiscovery.
Rationalize:
WinsonlookedatTom,tryingtorationalizetheconversationtheyhadalreadyhad.
Exonerate:
Winsonwastobeexoneratedfreewiththoseevidences.
9.不合适的
Improper:
Laughingandjokingareconsideredimproperbehavioratafuneral.
Unbecoming:
Ifeltverysorryformyunbecomingspeech.
Inappropriate:
Winson’sspeechisinappropriatetotheoccasion.
Indecorous:
Itisindecoroustolaughaloudduringaweddingceremony.
Offensive:
Theadisoffensivetowomen.
Unseemly:
Itusedtobethoughtunseemlyforwomentogotochurchwithoutahat.
Unsuitable:
Winson’sshoeswereunsuitableforwalkinglongdistance.
10.不可避免的
Unavoidable:
Trafficjamsareunavoidableonaholidayweekend.
Inevitable:
Warbetweenthosetwocountriesnowseemsalmostinevitable.
Inescapable:
Theinescapablefactisthatthesituationischanging.
11．不可信的，可疑的
Unbelievable:
Thecongestionatthetheaterlastnightwasunbelievable.
Doubtful:
Ithinkthemanuscriptisofdoubtfulauthenticity.
Incredible:
Thisnovelisaboutanalmostincrediblestoryoftriumphandtragedy.
Questionable:
Theteacherfeelsthattheresultsofthetestarequestionable.
Unconvincing:
Hegaveanunconvincingexplanationofthecauseoftheaccident.
Suspicious:
Didyouobserveanythingsuspiciousinthatcase?
12.不清楚的
Unclear:
Thepolicesaidthemotivefortheattackwasstillunclear.
Vague:
Witnessesgaveonlyavaguedescriptionofthemurderer.
Indefinite:
IgaveWinsonanindefiniteanswer.
Obscure:
Therulesforthecompetitionaremoreorlessobscure.
Indistinct:
ThepointofwhatWinsonhadsaidwasindistinct.
13．不同的，有差异的
Unlike:
Thesetwoboysaresounlikethatnobodywouldbelievetheyarebrothers.
Dissimilar:
Winson’slatestalbumisdissimilartoherpreviousone.
Distinct:
Theywereclassifiedintotwodistinctgroups.
Diverse:
Themagazineaimstocoveradiverserangeofissues.
Various:
Therearevarioushatsandpantsinthestore.
Disparate:
Thethreeexperimentsgavedisparateresults.
14.不注意的
Oblivious:
Thestudentseemedcompletelyoblivioustothenoisearoundher.
Unconscious:
Winsonwasunconsciousofmypresence.
Forgetful:
Winsonwasaccusedofbeingforgetfulofhisduties.
Unaware:
Winsoncarriedonreading,seeminglyunawareofmypresence.
Mindless:
Theyproceeded,mindlessofthedanger.
15.澄清，阐明
Clarify:
Thebankspokesmanwasunabletoclarifythesituation.
Clearup:
Thereshouldbesomeonetowhomyoucanturnforanyadviceortoclearupanyproblems.
Explain:
Thelawyerexplainedthenewlawtous.
Define:
Inthisparagraph,thewriterdefinedtheterm.
Illuminate:
Ourteacherwastryingtoilluminateapointbyreferencetocurrentlife.
Interpret:
Wewillneedsomehelptointerpretallthisdata.
16.持续，维持
Last:
OurChristmasholidaylasts20days.
Endure:
TheForbiddenCityhasenduredforcenturies.
Survive:
Thecropssurvivedthedrought.
Persist:
Thehostilitiesbetweenthetwofamilieshavepersistedforyears.
Persevere:
Despitefailures,heperseveredinhisresearch.
Keepon:
Althoughtheweatherisbad,wewillkeeponheadingforthatmountain.
Outlast:
Mostpeopleagreethattheeconomicreformmaycontinueandoutlastthepoliticalreform.
Holdout:
Canyouholdoutjustalittlelonger?
17.重新得到：
Recover:
Thoughthethieveswerecaught,manyoftheitemswereneverrecovered.
Regain:
Afterlosingthesecondset,Winsonregainedhisconfidenceandwonthethirdset.
Retrieve:
Governmenthadmadegreatrescueeffortstoretrievethebodiesofthevictims.
18.充足的：
Enough:
Apoundofbutterisbarelyenoughforamonth.
Sufficient:
wedonothavesufficienttimeforthereport.
Ample:
Thereisampleevidencetojudgehim.
Generous:
TheIndiandishiswithgenerouspepper.
Adequate:
Thestateneedstomaintainanadequatesupplyofqualifieddoctors.
Extensive:
Theprofessorhadanextensiveknowledgeofhistory.
19.传统的
Traditional:
Manywomenhaveabandonedtheirtraditionalroleaswifeandmother.
Conventional:
Winsonwantedaconventionalmarriagewithawifeandkids.
Customary:
Itiscustomarytooffertherepairmanacupofcoffeeinourcountry.
Prescriptive:
Theseareprescriptivepoliciesofourcountry.
20.粗鲁的
Rude:
Rudebehaviorwillnotbetolerated.
Rough:
Donotbesoroughwithher,Winson,Sheisonlyababy.
Coarse:
Theyobjectedtothecouncilor’scoarselanguage.
Crude:
IhaveneverappreciatedWinson’scrudesenseofhumor.
Vulgar:
Winson’svulgarjokesshockedeveryone.
Disrespectful:
Mostpeopleoftencriticizethegovernment,buttheyareneverdisrespectfultowardstheWinsonfamily.
Uncivil:
Winsonwasoftenunciviltoothermembersofhisfamily.
21.错误
Mistake:
Theofficer’sdecisiontoinvadewasacostlymistake.
Error:
Thereportcontainsmanyerrors.
Misdeed:
Youshouldfeelshamefulforthatmisdeed.
Flaw:
Thereareseriousflawsinthewaywetrainthenewemployees.
Defect:
Thereareafewminordesigndefectsinthatplan.
Wrongdoing:
Thecaptainissuedadenialofanywrongdoing.
Shortcoming:
Despitehershortcomingsasacook,shewasstillthebestmotheryoucouldeverhopefor.
22.打破，折断
Break:
Thewindowbrokeintopieces.
Fracture:
Youhavefracturedarib,maybemorethanone.
Crack:
Thewindowpanewascrackedbutnotbroken.
Rupture:
Mosttruckgasolinetankscanruptureandburninacollision.
Shatter:
Aboltoflightningshatteredtheoaktree.
Breach:
Firebreachedthecargotanksandsettheoilablaze.
Fallapart:
Theworkwasneverfinishedandthebuildingfellapartbitbybit.
Smash:
Thethiefsmashedthewindowtogetintothecar.
Splinter:
Themansplinteredthelockeddoorwithanaxe.
Mangle:
Hisbodywascrushedandmangledbeyondrecognition.
23.耽搁、推迟
Delay:
Thetrainwasdelayedtwohoursbecauseoftheaccident.
Postpone:
WehavedecidedtopostponeourholidayuntilSeptember.
Putoff:
Womenwhoputoffhavingababyoftenmakethebestmothers.
Defer:
Winson’smi
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