Hyperworks 110培训word版本2 Morphing.docx

Hyperworks 110培训word版本2 Morphing.docx

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Hyperworks110培训word版本2Morphing

Chapter7

Morphing

IntroductiontoMeshMorphingusingHyperMorph

HyperMorphisameshmorphingtoolthatallowsyoutoalterfiniteelementmodelswhile

keepingmeshdistortionstoaminimum.

HyperMorphcanbeusedto:

∙Changetheprofileandthedimensionsofyourmesh

∙Mapanexistingmeshontoanewgeometry

∙Createshapevariablesthatcanbeusedforoptimization

Themethodsavailabletocarryoutmorphingareavailableunder:

∙FreehandMorphing

∙MaptoGeometry

∙MorphVolumes

∙DomainsandHandles

Toprovidegreatercontrolaswellasanefficientmorphing,youcanuse:

∙Morphingconstraints

∙Symmetries

∙Biasingfactors

MorphscanbesavedasShapes.Shapescanthenbe:

∙Positionedtootherpartsofthemodel

∙Animated,toreviewthemorphing

∙Transferloadsfromonemodeltoanother

Aftermorphinghasbeenperformed,youcanvisualizethequalityofthemesh,andcan

automaticallysmoothitifneedbe.Are-meshcanalsobeperformed,keepingthemorphing

entitieslikehandles,domainsandshapesintact.

AccessingHyperMorph

HyperMorphcanbeaccessedinoneofthefollowingways:

∙Fromthemenubar,pointtoMorphing,andselecttheappropriatefunction:

Figure1:

HyperMorphonthemenubar

∙OntheToolpageclickonHyperMorph,andclickontheappropriatepanel

Figure2:

HyperMorphontheToolpage

HyperMorphOnlineHelp

Theon-linehelpforHyperMorphcanbeaccessedasfollows:

1.OntheHelpmenu,clickHyperMesh,OptiStruct,andBatchMesher.

2.AllfilesreferencedintheHyperMorphtutorialsarelocatedintheHyperWorksinstallationdirectoryunder

/tutorials/hm/hypermorph.

Section1:

MorphVolumes

Amorphvolumeisasix-sidedhexahedronwhoseshapecanbemanipulatedtomorphthemesh.Thelengthandcurvatureofeachedgeofamorphvolumecanbemodifiedindependently.Adjacentmorphvolumescanbelinkedthroughtangencyconditions.Thisallowsyoutoupdatethecharacteristicsofthemorphvolumes.Handlesareplacedateachoftheverticesofthemorphvolumes.Morphinginvolvesmovingthesehandles.Morphvolumesthuspresentaverysimple,powerful,andintuitivewaytomorph.

Morphvolumeswillonlyinfluencethenodesthatareregisteredtoit.Youcaneither,registerthenodeswithinamorphvolumeautomaticallywhenitiscreated,oryoucanselectthenodesornodesonselectedelementstoberegistered.Ifthemorphvolumesdonotappeartobemorphingnodesinsidethem,youmayneedtoregisterthosenodes.

Figure1:

MorphVolumes

Section2:

DomainsandHandles

Thedomainsandhandlesapproachconsistsofdividingthemeshintoregionscalleddomainswithassociatedhandles.

Whataredomainsandhandles?

Domainsconsistofselectednodesandelements.

Domainsandhandlesaredividedintotwobasicgroups,globalandlocal.

Theglobalgroupconsistsofglobaldomains,eachofwhichisassociatedwithanumberofglobalhandles.Globalhandleswillonlyinfluencethenodesintheglobaldomaintowhichtheyareassociated.Globalhandlesanddomainsarebestformakinglargescaleshapechangestothemodel.

Thelocalgroupconsistsoffivetypesoflocaldomains:

1Ddomains,2Ddomains,3Ddomains,edgedomains,andgeneraldomains.Localhandles/edgedomainscanonlyinfluencenodescontainedinthedomainstheyareassociatedwith.Localhandles/edgedomainsareintendedtobeusedtomakesmallscale,parametricchangestothemodel.

Whileamodelcancontainbothglobalandlocalhandlesanddomains,itisnotnecessarytohavebothtypesofdomainsandhandlesinamodel.

Thefollowingtabledescribesthevariousdomainsandtheirsymbolswhentheyarecreated

Whenglobaldomainandhandlesaregeneratedusingautogenerateorcreatedwiththecreatehandlesoptionturnedon,HyperMorphgenerateseightglobalhandles,oneateachoftheeightcornersofaboxlaidoutalongtheglobalaxessurroundingthemodel.Theseglobalhandlesarenamed“corner”followedbyanumberfromonetoeight.HyperMorphwillalsoplaceatleastoneglobalhandlewithintheboxinareasofthemodel’speaknodaldensity.Thesehandlesarenamed“handle,”followedbyanumber.

Theautomaticglobalhandlegenerationworksparticularlywellforspace-framemodelssuchasfullcarmodels.However,forsmallmodelssuchasacontrolarmorbracket,therecommendationisforyoutobuildyourownlocaldomainsandhandlessinceyouaremorelikelyinterestedinchangingthelocalarearatherthantheentiremodel.

Iftheautogenerateprocessdoesnotcreatehandlesinthepositionswhereyouwantthemtobe,youcanalwaysdeletethem,repositionthem,orcreateadditionalhandles.Handlescanbefurtherclassifiedasindependentordependent.Anindependenthandlecreatesdisplacementstothemodelonlywhenitismoved.Adependenthandlecreatesdisplacementsinfluencedfromitsownmovementsplusthatofotherhandlesitislinkedto.Ahandlecanbemadedependentononeormorehandles.Thisallowsyoutocreateasmanylayersofdependenciesbetweenyourhandlesasyoudesire.Forexample,youcanmakeallthehandlesatonecrosssectionofabeam（modelingusing2Dshellelements）dependentonasinglehandleallowingyoutomoveanentirecrosssectionwhileonlyhavingtoselectoneindependenthandle.

Whatisapartition?

Themostimportantfactorinlocalmorphingispartitioning.Itislogicallydividinga2Ddomainintosmaller2Ddomains,suchaswheretheanglebetweenelementsexceedsacertainvalueorwherethedomainchangesfromflattocurved,iscalledpartitioning.

Properpartitioningmakesmorphingfasterandeasier.Byactivatingpartitiondomainsusercaninvokepartitioningwhenauto-generatingorwhencreatingadomain.Iftheuserisunsatisfiedwiththeresultsofthepartitioninghe/shecanchangethepartitioningparametersnamelydomainsangleandcurvetolerance.

Figurebelowshowsanexampleofpartitioning.Forthemodelontheleft,the2Ddomainwascreatedwithoutpartitioning.Forthemodelontheright,partitioningwasused.Notehowthe2Ddomainsdividealongangleandcurvaturechangeboundaries.

Figure2:

Partitioningdomains

Section3:

MaptoGeometry

MaptoGeometryprovidesquickwaysoftakinganexistingmeshandconformittoanewgeometry.Domainsandhandlescanbeusedtoprovidebettercontrolonthemorphingprocess.Thegeometrycanbealine,nodelist,plane,surfaces,orelementsusingedgedomainsandhandlestoguidetheprocess.Geometrycanalsobeprovidedintheformofsectionlines,orsurfaces.

Someofthetypesofgeometrythatcanbemappedareshowninfigure1.

Figure1:

Typesofgeometrythatcanbemapped

Exercise7a:

MapToGeometry

Inthisexercise,youwillusethelinedifferenceapproachtomorphabumpertoconformtoanewsectionline.

Figure1:

Bumperbeforeandaftermorphing

Step1:

Loadandreviewthemodel.

1.OpentheHyperMeshfile,Exercise_7a.hm.

Step2:

Morphthebumper.

2.AccessthemaptogeompanelthroughthemenubarbyselectingMorphing>MaptoGeometry.

3.Changethegeometryselectortolinedifference.

4.Selectthefromlineandthetolineasshowninfigure2.

5.Togglethemorphingentity（2ndcolumn）frommapdomainstomapnodes.

6.Selectnodes>>displayed.

7.Verifythatnofixednodesisselectedundermapnodes.

8.Usemapbylineaxismorphingwitha1.0mvbiasandfxbias.

Figure2:

Thefromlineandthetoline

9.Clickmap.

Summary

Theprofileofthebumperischangedtofollowthenewsectionline.

Exercise7b:

UsingDomainsandHandles

Inthisexerciseyouwillcreatedomainsandhandles,andmorphthemodel.

Step1:

Loadandreviewthemodel.

OpenandreviewtheHyperMeshmodelmorphing_7b.hm.

Step2:

Autogenerate2-Ddomainsandhandles.

1.AccesstheDomainspanel,createsubpanelthroughthemenubarbyselectingMorphing>Create>Domains.

2.Changethecreatemethodtoautofunctions.

3.Clickgenerate.

Basedonthemodel’sgeometricfeatures,allofthemodel’selementsareorganizedintovariousdomainsandlocalhandlesarecreatedandassociatedwiththedomains.

Step3:

Moveelementsintoanew2-Ddomain.

1.VerifyyouarestillintheDomainspanel,createsub-panel.

2.Settheselectorto2Ddomains.

3.Usethetoggletoswitchfromallelementstoelems.

3.Click

tocleartheelementsthatwereautomaticallyselected.

4.Usingelems>>bywindow,selecttheelementsindicatedinfigure1.

Figure1:

Elementstoselecttomoveintoanewdomain

5.Verifythatpartition2Ddomainsisactive.

6.Clickcreatetocreatethedomain.

Localhandlesarecreatedforthenewdomain.Youshouldnowhavetwolocaldomains.Elementscanonlybelongtoonedomainatatime.Thus,theelementsyouselectedweremovedintothenewdomain.Thisfunctionalitymakesitveryeasytogroupelementsintodifferentdomains.

Step4:

Splittheedgedomainoftheradiustohavemorecontrolwhenmorphing.

1.WhileintheDomainspanel,selecttheeditedgessubpanel.

2.Verifythatthesplitoptionisselected.

3.Withthedomainselectoractive,selecttheedgedomainofthepart’sradiusasindicatedintheFigure2.

Thenodeselectorautomaticallybecomesactiveoncetheedgedomainisselected.Clickthedomainselectortomakeitactiveandseethatyouselectedthedesirededgedomain.

Figure2:

Edgedomaintoselect

4.Clickthenodeselectortomakeitactive.

5.SelectthenodeonthepositiveY-axisendoftheradius,asindicatedintheimageFigure3.

Figure3:

Nodeselectiontosplittheedgedomainoftheradius

6.Clicksplittosplittheedgedomainatthenode.

7.Repeattheaboveprocesstofurthersplittheedgedomainoftheradius,thistimeatthe