B1U1LS.docx

B1U1LS.docx

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B1U1LS

LanguageStudy

#Para1

TheideaofbecomingawriterhadcometomeonandoffsincemychildhoodinBelleville,butitwasn’tuntilmythirdyearinhighschoolthatthepossibilitytookhold.

onandoff（oroffandon）:

fromtimetotime,nowandagain,irregularly断断续续地，有时

e.g.Ithasbeenrainingonandoffforaweek.That’swhytheclothesfeeldamp.

Hedozedonandoffbutdidn’tgodeepersleep.

他不时地打瞌睡，但并没有深睡。

possibility:

n.stateofpossible;（degreeof）likelihood（usu.Followedbythat-clauseorof）可能性

e.g.thepossibilityofterroristattack

Theyhaven’tarrived.Thereisapossibilitythattheyhavetakenthewrongroad.

takehold:

becomeestablished生根，确立

e.g.Oldhabitsdiehard.That’swhyyoushouldstopsmokingbeforethehabittakeshold.

积习难除，所以你得在养成习惯之前就戒烟。

TheideaofonechildonlyhastakenholdinmanyChinesefamilies.

“一家只要一个好”已经成为了许多中国家庭持有的观念。

CF:

takeholdof握住、抓住

e.g.Itookholdofherhandandgentlyledheraway.

Paraphrase

theideaofbecomingawriterhadcometomeIhadthoughtofbecomingawriter

sincemychildhoodinBellevilleeversinceIwasachildinBelleville

itwasnotuntilmythirdyearinhighschoolthatthepossibilitytookholdthepossibilitydidn’ttakeholduntilmythirdyearinhighschoolitwasnotpossibleformetodecidetobecomeawriteruntilIwasinthe11thgrade

EversinceIwasachildinBelleville,Ihadthoughtofbecomingawriterfromtimetotime,butIdidn’tmakeupmyminduntilIwasintheeleventhgrade.

Translation

从孩提时代我还住在贝尔维尔时，我的脑子里就断断续续地转着当作家的念头，但直等我高中三年级，这个想法才有了实现的可能。

UntilthenI’dbeenboredbyeverythingassociatedwithEnglishcourse.

bore:

vt.make（sb.）feeltiredandloseinterest使（人）厌烦

e.g.Thespeakerwentonandon,andtheaudiencegrewboredbyhisspeech.

Idon'tknowwhyhequit-Iguesshewasjustboredwithhisjob.

boredstiff/totears/todeath/outofyourmind（=extremelybored）极其厌烦

Thejobwasdullandboring.

acrashingbore讨厌之极的人/事afrightfulbore讨厌得要命的家伙

aninsufferablebore讨厌得令人无法忍受的人anutterbore极惹人厌烦的事

Whatcanweinferfromthissentence?

UptothenIhadlostinterestinthingsrelatedtoEnglishcourses.

associate（with）:

vt.tomakeaconnectioninyourmindbetweenonethingorpersonandanother（associatesb./sth.withsth.）使联系起来，使联想

e.g.Peopleassociatetheolddayswithgoodtimes,andseemtoforgetthehardshiptheyendured.

人们想起过去的日子，就联想到美好的时光，似乎忘记了他们所遭受的苦难。

我们很自然把达尔文的名字和进化论联系在一起。

WenaturallyassociatethenameofDarwinwiththedoctrineofevolution.

turnout:

1forcesb.toleave驱逐，（使）离开

2prove结果是

3shutoff关掉

4produce;make制造，生产

1.Wearetoturnout100,000computersnextyeartomeetthemarketrequirements.

2.Itwasadifficulttime,buteventuallythingsturnedoutallright.

3.Theschoolhasturnedoutsomegreatscholars.

4.Don'tforgettoturnoutthelightswhenyougo!

5.Ifyoucan'tpaytherent,theyturnyouout.

6.Don’tgriefoveryourlostloveanymore.SometimesthingsarelikewhattheChinesefablestorysaid“Alossmayturnouttobeagain.”

turnsth.out:

produce;make制造，生产

e.g.Wearetoturnout100,000computersnextyeartomeetthemarketrequirements.我们计划明年生产十万台计算机以满足市场需要。

Theschoolhasturnedoutsomegreatscholars.

turnout:

tohappeninaparticularway,ortohaveaparticularresult,especiallyonethatyoudidnotexpect（usu.turnoutwell/badly/fineetc;turnouttobesomething）结果是

e.g.Itwasadifficulttime,buteventuallythingsturnedoutallright.

Don’tgriefoveryourlostloveanymore.SometimesthingsarelikewhattheChinesefablestorysaid“Alossmayturnouttobeagain.”别再为逝去的爱悲伤了，有时候事情就像那个中国寓言故事中说的“塞翁失马，焉知非福”。

Asitturnedout（=usedtosaywhathappenedintheend）,hepassedtheexamquiteeasily.

Ihatetheassignmentstoturnoutlong,lifelessparagraphsthatwereagonyforteacherstoreadandformetowrite.

agony:

n.verygreatpinorsufferingofmindorbody（身心的）极度痛苦

e.g.Hegroanedinagony.

Hewasinanagonyofremorse/death/pain.他处于极端悔恨/垂死挣扎/极度痛苦之中。

Paraphrase

Ifounditpainfultowritelong,boringessaysasrequiredbyteachers;neitherdidteachersenjoywhatIwrote.

Translation

我痛恨老师布置的那些长而乏味的段落写作，老师读着受累，我写着痛苦。

#Para2

anticipate:

vt.

1toexpectthatsomethingwillhappenandbereadyforit预期、预料

e.g.Agoodspeakerisabletoanticipateanaudience'sneedsandconcerns.一个好的演讲者能够预料观众的需求和关注。

Itisanticipatedthattheresearchwillhavemanydifferentpracticalapplications.这项研究可望有多种不同的应用。

（anticipatethat）

Ithinkwe’vefixedeverything,andIdon’tanticipatefindinganymoreproblems.（anticipatedoingsth.）

2tothinkaboutsomethingthatisgoingtohappen,especiallysomethingpleasant希望，期待

e.g.Danielwaseagerlyanticipatingherarrival.

WhenourclasswasassignedtoMr.Fleagleforthird-yearEnglishIanticipatedanothercheerlessyearinthatmosttediousofsubjects.

Whatcanwelearnfrom“anothercheerlessyear”?

WecanknowfromthisphrasethatbeforeMr.FleaglebecameBaker’sEnglishteacher,allEnglishcoursesweredull.

Paraphrase

WhenitwasdecidedthatMr.FleaglewouldteachusEnglishduringmythirdyearinhigh,IexpecttheEnglishcoursetobeasboringasbefore.

WORDFOCUS:

boring

Similarwords:

notveryinteresting,dull,dreary,drab

Veryboring:

tedious,mind-numbing,soul-destroying

reputation:

n.（an）opinion（aboutsb.orsth.）heldbyothers名声，名誉

e.g.amanofgoodreputation名誉很好的人buildupareputation博得名声

haveareputationforsth.（=havethereputationof）因...而著名,以...闻名

liveuptoone'sreputation不负盛名;名副其实

lose[ruin]one'sreputation名誉扫地

makeanevilreputationforoneself弄得声名狼藉

inspire:

vt.

1toencouragesomeonebymakingthemfeelconfidentandeagertodosomething鼓舞、感动

e.g.Thecountryneedsaleaderwhocaninspireitscitizens.

MartinLutherKing,Jr.’sspeechesinspiredpeopletofightforequaltreatmentofAfricanAmericans.（inspiresb.todosth.）

Ihopethissuccesswillinspireyoutogreaterefforts.我希望这次的成功会让你更加努力的。

（inspiresb.tosth.）

2togivesomeonetheideaforsomething,especiallyastory,painting,poemetc激发、赋予灵感

e.g.Themoviewasinspiredbyrealevents.

Knowmore:

inspiringadj.令人欢欣鼓舞的

inspirationn.灵感；鼓舞或激励人的人或事

e.g.haveasuddeninspiration灵机一动

Poetsandartistsoftendrawtheirinspirationfromnature.诗人与艺术家往往由自然得到灵感。

ThesuccessofChina’sfirstmannedspaceflighthasservedasaninspirationtothewholenation.

中国首次载人太空飞行的成功对于全国人民来说是一件鼓舞人心的事情。

rigid:

（oftendisapproving）fixedinbehavior;basedoncorrectoracceptedrules一成不变的；严格的

e.g.rigidideas固执的看法

Andrewwasevenmorerigidinhisattitudestowardschild-rearingthanhisfather,whowashimselfquitestrict.

TherigidclassdistinctionswhichcharacterizedBritishsocietyarebeginningtobreakdown.

outofdate:

old-fashioned过时的

ant.uptodate现代的；最新的

severe:

adj.

1TheUSfacessevereeconomicproblems.

美国面临着严重的经济问题。

（veryserious）

2Drugsmugglerscanexpectseverepenalties.

走私毒品者将受到严惩。

（verystrictorextreme）

3Thenegotiationswillbeaseveretestofhisabilities.

这次谈判对他的能力将会是一次严峻的考验。

（verydifficult）

4Theweatherstationissuedawarningforseverethunderstorms.

气象站发布了一次强雷暴警告。

（verystrong）

5Theoldladywaslivinginaratherseverered-brickbuilding.

这位老太太住在一幢很普通的砌着红色砖墙的房子里。

（veryplain）

1completelyplain朴素的

e.g.Theoldladywaslivinginaratherseverered-brickbuilding.

这位老太太住在一幢很普通的砌着红色砖墙的房子里。

2stern,strict严厉的；苛刻的；严格的

e.g.Onlythosewhohaveundergoneseveretrainingcanbeacceptedintotheairforce.

3causingverygreatpain,difficulty,worry,etc.严重的，剧烈的

e.g.severepain剧痛

TheUSfacessevereeconomicproblems.美国面临着严重的经济问题。

Theweatherstationissuedawarningforseverethunderstorms.气象站发布了一次强雷暴警告。

CF:

severe,stern,strict

Severe作“严厉”解时，可以用来形容人（severefather严厉的父亲），人的面貌（severelook严厉的眼神），人的态度（Theteacherisseverewithhisstudents.教师对学生很严厉。

）

Stern与severe相近，但用途比较窄，一般用于人的容貌或态度。

例如asternfather和aseverefather都可以用，但含义稍有不同。

aseverefather指对子女有严厉的要求，积极的意义较多；asternfather指对子女不含温情，要他们服从，消极的意味较多。

Strict相当于汉语的“严格的”，必须假定有一种客观的标准（如规章、纪律、定义、真理等）。

如：

Thereisastrictregulationagainstsmokingintheauditorium.

Tomehelookedtobesixtyorseventyandexcessivelyprim.Heworeprimlysevereeyeglasses,...,thatheseemedacomicantique.

Translation.

我看他有六七十岁了，古板之极。

他戴着古板的毫无装饰的眼镜，微微卷曲的头发剪得笔齐，梳得纹丝不乱。

他身穿古板的套装，白衬衣领扣外的领带打得一丝不苟。

他长着古板的尖下巴，古板的直鼻梁，说起话来一本正经，字斟句酌，活脱脱一个滑稽的老古董。

===============================================================================

#Para3

IpreparedforanunfruitfulyearwithMr.Fleagleandforalongtimewasnotdisappointed.（para3）

Whatdoestheauthorreallymeanwhenhesays“I…wasnotdisappointed.”?

HemeansthathisexpectationwasrightthatMr.Fleagle’slessonsweredull.

Paraphrase

Iexpectedthatthingswouldn’timprovewithMr.FleagleasourEnglishteacher,andforalongtimeIwasrightinmyexpectations.（Notethathereisatouchofirony.）

Translation

我做好准备，打算在弗利哥先生的班上一无所获地混上一年，不少日子过去了，还真不出我所料。

Lateintheyearwetackledtheinformalessay.（para3）

tackle:

1vt.trytodealwithadifficultproblem处理，应付

e.g.Manyschoolsarenowtryingtotackletheproblemofdrugabuse.

2vi.orvt.铲球；扭倒，绊倒

e.g.Ididn'tknowifhehadtheballornot,soIjusttackledhim.我不知道他带没带球，所以我就把他绊倒了。

Paraphrase

Lateintheyearwelearnedhowtowriteinformalessaysandpracticedwritingthem.

CF:

tackle/handle

tackle:

tobegintodealwithaprobleminadeterminedway,esp.abigorcomplicatedproblem

e.g.Policeforcesintheareaaretryingtotacklecarcrimeheadon.这一地区的警察正在努力对付汽车犯罪。

handle:

todealwithaproblem,esp.inaneffectiveorconfidentway

e.g.Therewereafewproblems,butnothingIcouldn’thandle.问题是有几个，不过我都能处理好。

Itookthelisthomea