对大学生的英语单词词根词缀教学实验研究.docx

对大学生的英语单词词根词缀教学实验研究.docx

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对大学生的英语单词词根词缀教学实验研究

ExperimentalStudyofTeachingEnglishWordRootsandAffixesonCollegeStudents

对大学生的英语单词词根词缀教学实验研究

Abstract

Therootsandaffixesassociativememoryisawaywhichmakesuseofthecontactbetweentherootaffixesmeaningandmeaningofthewords.Itisascientificmethodandstartfromthebasicstructureofthedecompositionwordssocanunderstandtheworddefinerules.Itusestheunderstandingandassociationmethodinsteadofthetraditionalrotemethod.Itisinterestingandregularity.Itisalsoveryeasytolearnandrememberwords,intheshorttermrapidincreasevocabulary.Ifeffectivemakeuseofthismethodcanimprovecollegestudents'vocabulary,readingandwritingskills.ThispaperresearchtheexperimentalstudyofteachingEnglishwordrootsandaffixesoncollege,investigatethecollegestudents’methodstorememberthewordsandaskthemaindifficultiesforthestudentstorememberthewords.Thenusetherootsandaffixesassociativememorymethodtoteachthecollegestudentsrememberwords.Afterthattestthecollegestudents’vocabularylevelandanalyzetheresult.Therootsandaffixesassociativememorycanhelpcollegestudentsrememberwordandtheirvocabularyrapidlyimproved.Theycanbetterunderstandthestructureofthesentencesandarticle.

Keywords:

rootaffixes;AssociativeMemory;EnglishTeaching

摘要

词根词缀联想记忆法是一种利用词根词缀意义与单词意义之间的联系并加以适当的联想来记忆单词的方法。

它是科学的方法，从分解单词基本结构入手，了解单词造字规则，用理解和联想的方法代替传统死记硬背的方法。

它具有趣味性和规律性，易学易记，可在短期内迅速提升词汇量。

在大学英语教学中有效的利用它能够提高学生的词汇、阅读和写作能力。

本论文研究了英语单词词根词缀对大学生的教学实验研究，调查了大学生记单词的方法，问明了大学生记忆单词的主要难点。

然后利用词根词缀联想记忆法教大学生记忆单词并且测试他们的词汇量，分析了结果。

词根词缀联想记忆法可以帮助大学生快递提高记忆单词的能力，使得他们能够可以更好地理解句子结构以及文章。

关键词：

词根；词缀；联想记忆；英语教学

Tableofcontents

Acknowledgementsi

AbstractinEnglishii

AbstractinChineseiii

Tableofcontentsiv

IIntroduction1

1.1Researchbackground1

1.2Purposeoftheresearch1

1.3Significanceoftheresearch2

IILiteratureReview3

2.1Affixes3

2.2Root3

2.3Affixesandrootsstudiesathome3

2.4Affixesandrootsstudiesatabroad5

ⅢResearchMethodology6

3.1Objective6

3.2Participants6

3.3Instrument6

3.3.1Questionnaire6

3.3.2Test7

IVRootsandAffixesTeaching8

VDataAnalysis10

5.1Thedataanalysisofquestionnaire10

5.2Thedataanalysisoftest10

IVConclusion12

References14

AppendixI15

AppendixII17

AppendixIII22

IIntroduction

1.1Researchbackground

ItisthemostimportantandpermanentthingtomasterthevocabularyintheEnglishlearningasaforeignlanguage.However,everyonethathaseverlearnedaboutEnglishknowsthatrememberingwordsnotonlywastestimeandenergy,butwithscantsuccess.Especiallyasacollegestudentwithavocabularyabout3000-6000,thewordswillbemuchmoredifficulttomasterthanthoselearnedinmiddleschool.Therefore,someeasiermethodsareneededtouse.Thispapermainlydiscussestheusingofvocabularyradicalaffix,withsuchway,themostimportantthingistoremembertheroot,hence,thispaperfocusesontherememberingoftherootandsomeusefulandpracticalwaysofrememberingtheroot.Wilkins（1978）said,“Withoutpronunciationandgrammar,mancanstilltransfersomeinformation,butwithoutvocabulary,wecannotdeliveranymessage”.（p.2）Onecannotsayhehasacquiredanewlanguagewithoutgraspingitsvocabularyanduseitfreely.“AtpresentinChina,severalEnglishtestsareusedasameantodetectEnglishvocabulary,thusrequirementsforvocabularywereputforward:

CET-4need4000-4200,CET-6need5500,PETS-5need7500,TEM-4need8000,TOEFL/IELTSneed9000,TEM-8/GREneed9000-13000.Fromthislist,wecanlearnthatitisthemostimportantandpermanentthingtomasterthevocabularyintheEnglishlearningasaforeignlanguage”.（LiBingmei,2005,p.105）.

1.2Purposeoftheresearch

Vocabulary,asthebaseoflanguagelearning,isoneofthethreeelementsofalanguage（pronunciation,vocabulary,grammar）.InEnglishteaching,thememoryofEnglishwordsisaveryimportantlink.Vocabularydirectlyaffectsthestudents’interestinlearning,andultimatelyaffectsstudents’languageacquisition.AllthepeoplewhoarelearningEnglishknow,vocabularymemorizingisnotonlytime-consuming,laborious,andbutoftenhaslittleeffect.HowtomemorizeEnglishwordsmustbestudiedandexplored.InEnglishwords,morethan80%wordscanbememorizedbyattachingprefixes,suffixes.Becausetheassociationcanhelptorememberwordsandtherelatedwordshavethesameroot.Similarassociationreferstoputthewordstogetherwhicharesimilarincharacter,feature,thenoneofthemisremembered，othersrelatedtoitwillberememberedtoo.

Englishvocabularyisoneoftheimportantfactorsaffectingthestudents’communicativecompetenceinEnglish.IncollegeEnglishteaching,students’abilitiesofEnglishreading,listening,writingandoralcommunicationarerestrictedbythelackofvocabulary.However,overtheyears,foreignlanguageteachinginChinaemphasizeslanguagestructureandlanguageteaching,neglectingvocabularyteaching.Therefore,inrecentyears,foreignlanguageteachingincollegeshasbeen“heavyconstruction,lightvocabularytendency”,whichhasbroughtseriousinfluencetocollegeEnglishteaching.Thecapacitygrowthofvocabularylearningissoslowthatitseriouslyaffectsstudents’languagecommunicativeability.Howtoimprovevocabularyteaching,helpstudentstolearneffectively,memorizewords,rapidlyexpandvocabulary,isanimportanttaskofcollegeEnglishteaching,soastopromotelanguagecommunicativecompetence.

1.3Significanceoftheresearch

MostofthestudentsknowtheimportanceoflearningEnglishvocabulary,butduetothelackofproperlearningstrategies,vocabularyhasalwaysbeenamajorobstacleintheirEnglishlearning.InthetraditionalcollegeEnglishteachinginChina,theexpansionofvocabularyoftenrequireslong-termaccumulation.Learningaword,thefirstthingistolearnpronunciation,wordsandsentenceinterpretation.Thebiggestdifficultytounderstandacompletearticleistorememberalotofwordswhichhavenointrinsicmeaning.Therefore,collegeEnglishteachershelpstudentsmastertheetymaandaffixassociativememorymethodinordertoprovidepracticalteachingforstudents,helpstudentsimprovetheefficiencyofvocabularylearning,andimprovetheiroverallEnglishleveltoadapttothesocialneeds.Etymaandaffixlearningcanhelpstudentshaveamoreprofoundunderstandingoftheword.Rootsandaffixesmemorymethodistoanalysisofthewordstructure,understandofrootsandaffixescomprehensively,andthenexplorethebasicsenseoftheword.Tounderstandthemeaningofthewordrootsandaffixescandeterminethegeneralscopeoftheword’smeaning,whichisveryhelpfultoguesswordmeaning.Understandingthemeaningandusageofasinglerootcanhelptorememberagroupofwords.Therefore,itcanenhancethevocabularyefficiency.

LiteratureReview

2.1Affixes

“Affixesarelinguisticfragmentsthatareattachedtowordsorwordelementstomodifymeaningorchangefunction.Almostallaffixesareboundmorphemesbecausefewcanbeusedasindependentwords.Accordingtothefunctionsofaffixes,wecanputthemintotwogroups:

inflectionalaffixes,e.g.-s,-ed,-ing;derivationalaffixes,e.g.pre-,ex-,de-,-less,-domand–ic”（ZhangWeiyou,1998,p.56）.“Accordingtothedistributionoftheminformation,affixescanbedividedintoprefixesandsuffixes.Alltheprefixesarederivationalaffixes,inotherword,theyareusedtoformthenewwords,whilethesuffixescanbebothinflectionalaffixesandderivationalaffixes.Sotheaffixesmentionedabovealsocanbedividedintoprefixes:

pre-,ex-andde-,suffixes:

-less,-dom,-ic,-s,-edand–ing.”（YangChunhui&ZhangXuan,2010,p.57）.

2.2Root

Arootisthebasicformofawordwhichcannotbefurtheranalyzedwithouttotallossofidentity.Therootgenerallycarriesthemaincomponentofmeaninginaword.Inotherwordinternationalists,removinginter-,-al,-ist,-sleavestherootnation.Ifwefurtherdividenationas*na/tionor*at/ion,though–tionand–ioncoincidewiththenounsuffix,theotherpartismeaninglessandtheoriginallexicalidentityistotallylost.Intermsofderivationalandinflectionalmorphology,a“rootisthatpartofawordformthatremainswhenallinflectionalderivationalaffixeshavebeenremoved”（Crystal,1985,p.3）.

2.3Affixesandrootsstudiesathome

Therearemanyscholarsengagedinresearchinthisarea.Inrecentyears,manydomesticscholarshavebeguntopayattentiontovocabularylearningstrategies.“Arootisnotonlythecoreofaword,butalsoistheheartofagroupofword.Itisthecommoncoreofagroupofwordsandthecommonpartcanbeidentifiedbytheknowledgeofword-formationinagroupofwords.”（ChenLi,2010,p.29）Itissaidthatagroupofwordsofcommonsense.Inmostcases,rootsandaffixesthemeaningsareobtained.Afterthelearnerhasmasteredthebasicrootandaffixmeaning,hecanuseEnglishvocabularyrelatedassociations,comparisonandsummary.Rememberingunknownwordsthroughknownwords,speculatingunknownmeaningofthewordsaccordingtotheknownwords,caneffectiveenlargetheirvocabularyandimproveEnglishlevel.Astherootsandaffixeshaverelativelysimplestructure,themeaningofwordsisnotcomplex.Comparedwiththememoryofirrelevantwords,itwillbeeasiertolearn.Hencethisapproachisquickandeasytobuildupstudents’confidence.LiuYi（2007）intheEnglishWordDictionaryfocusesonthewordsource（includingtheprefix,suffix,root）.Itiseasiertorememberthesimilarwordsandspellthewords’throughtheanalysis