高二英语阅读理解强化训练附解析Day 38.docx

高二英语阅读理解强化训练附解析Day 38.docx

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高二英语阅读理解强化训练附解析Day38

高二英语阅读理解强化训练附解析Day38

Passage1

ManyBeijingresidentsgotogreatlengthstoavoidbreathingthecity’ssmoggyair,especiallywhenitreachescriticalpollutionlevels,butonelocalfirmdecidedthatcanning（灌装）andsellingthispoorqualityairasasouvenir（纪念品）wouldbeagreatidea.Believeitornot,hewasright.

AfterseeinganumberofcompaniesachievecommercialsuccessbycanningfreshairfromcountrieslikeFrance,CanadaorAustraliaandsellingitinChina,DominicJohnson-Hill,aBritish-borncitizenofBeijingandownerofthePlastered8souvenirshop,decidedtoturntheideaonitsheadandsellcannedBeijingairthroughoutChinaandabroad.

“I’dseenpeoplegoingcrazytobuycannedairfromCanadaandAustralia,soIthoughtitwastimetopushbusinesstheotherway,”theentrepreneursaid.“They’reperfectgifts!

WhatelseareyougoingtotakehomewhenyougohomefromBeijing?

Aroastduck?

APlasteredT-shirt?

Thesecansarelight,portable,youcanjustimaginesomeone’sfacewhentheyunwrap（打开）itforChristmas.”

Thefewmouth-fullsofBeijingaircomeinstandardtincansfeaturingacoupleofcitylandmarksaswellasabitterdescriptionofthecontents:

“auniquemixofnitrogen,oxygenandsomeotherstuff”.Theironic（讽刺的）souvenirscost28RMB（US$4）andareavailableatthePlastered8shop,aswellasonitsonlineshop.Butifyou’reactuallyconsideringbuyingsome,you’dbetteraskshopinadvance,astheyarevirtuallyflyingofftheshelves.Johnson-HillsaidthathisshopissellinghundredsofBeijingaircanseveryday.

Personally,thewell-soldcanprobablyisanawakeningforthepublictobeconcernedaboutthelivingconditions.Yetonethingthat’snotparticularlycleariswhethertheairisreallycollectedfromBeijing,asthecansarelabeledas“MadeinShenzhen”.There’sabigchancethat’sjustakindofPlastered8humor,astheyalsolist“ChokingHazard”and“Mayhaveunidentifiedobjectsinside.”aswarnings.

Anyway,itisprobablyauniquewaytomakepeoplerealizetheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment.

1.WhatcontributestoDominic’sideaofcanningandsellingthepoorqualityair?

A.Trytogetusedtoit.

B.Sellitallovertheworld.

C.Canitasasouvenir.

D.Trytopushbusinesstheotherway.

2.HowmayonefeelwhenreceivingcannedBeijingairforChristmas?

A.Satisfied.B.Surprised.

C.Frightened.D.Refreshed.

3.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“stuff”inParagraph4？

A.LiquidsB.Objects

C.MineralsD.Risks

4.WhatdotheunderlinedwordsinParagraph2mean?

A.Dosomethingopposite.B.Giveothersasurprise.

C.Makeabigprofit.D.Putforwardastrangeidea.

5.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A.ThecannedBeijingairmayharmpeoplewhobuyit.

B.ThePlastered8souvenirshopisfamousforitshumour.

C.Peopleshouldmakeeffortstoprotecttheenvironment.

D.DominicJohnson-HilllikesthepoorqualityairinBeijing.

Passage2

Couldthedevice,smartphoneorPC,whichyouareusingaffectthemoral（道德的）decisionsyoumakewhenusingit?

Totestit,researcherspresentedmultipledilemmastoasamplesetof1,010people.Theparticipantswereassignedadeviceatrandom.

Onecaseofthequestionsparticipantswereaskedistheclassic“trolley（有轨电车）problem”:

Arunawaytrolleyisheadedtowardsfivepeopletieduponasetoftraintracks.Youcandonothing,resultinginthedeathsoffivepeople,orpushamanoffabridge,whichwillstopthetrolley.Thepracticalresponseistokillonemantosavefivelives,which33.5percentofsmartphoneuserschose,comparedto22.3percentofPCusers.

“Whatweroundinourstudyisthatwhenpeopleusedasmartphonetoviewclassicmoralproblems,theyweremorelikelytomakemoreunemotional,reasonabledecisionswhenpresentedwithahighlyemotionaldilemma,”DrAlbertBarque-Duran,theleadauthorofthestudy,toldCity,UniversityofLondon.“ThiscouldbeduetotheincreasedtimepressureoftenpresentwithsmartphonesandalsotheincreasedpsychologicaldistancewhichcanoccurwhenweusesuchdevicescomparedtoPCs.”

Asforwhytheresearchersstartedthisstudy,DrBarque-Durannoted,“Duetothefactthatoursociallives,workandevenshoppingtakeplaceonline,itisimportanttothinkabouthowthecontextswherewetypicallyfacemoraldecisionsandareaskedtoengageinmoralbehaviorhavechanged,andtheimpactthiscouldhaveonthehundredsofmillionsofpeoplewhousesuchdevicesdaily.“It’sclearthatweneedmoreresearchonhowourdevicesaffectourmoraldecision-makingbecausewe’reusingscreensataneverincreasingrate.”

1.Whydidtheauthormentionthetrolleyproblem?

A.Tointroduceadifficultproblemtoreaders.

B.Tointroducetheaimofcarryingoutthestudy.

C.Toshowanexampleofthequestionsinthestudy.

D.Toshowthedifficultyindealingwithdilemmas.

2.Howdothesmartphoneusersofthestudybehaveindealingwithemotionaldilemmas?

A.Calmly.B.Cruelly.

C.Carelessly.D.Enthusiastically.

3.DrAlbertbelievesthatcomparedwithPCs,smartphones.

A.helppeoplebearmorepressure

B.helppeoplemakedecisionsquickly

C.makepeoplefeelmorementallydistant

D.makepeoplestayhappiertosolveproblems

4.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?

A.Theimportanceofsmartphones.B.Thesignificanceofthestudy.

C.Howtomakemoraldecisions.D.Whataffectspeople’sdailylife.

Passage3

ItwouldbealltooeasytosaythatFacebook'smarketmeltdowniscomingtoanend.Afterall,MarkZuckerberg'ssocialnetworkburnedasmuchas

50billionofshareholders'wealthinjustacouplemonths.Toputthatincontext,sinceitsdebut（初次登台）onNASDAQinMay,FacebookhaslostvaluenearlyequaltoYahoo,AOL,Zynga,Yelp,Pandora,OpenTable,Groupon,LinkedIn,andAngie'sListcombined,plusthatofthebulkofthepubliclytradednewspaperindustry.

Asshockingasthisutterfailuremaybetothenearly1billionfaithfulFacebookusersaroundtheworld,it'snosurprisetoanyonewhoreadtheinitialpublicoffering（IPO）prospectus.Worsestill,allthecrisesthatemergedwhenthecompanydebuted-overpricedshares,poorcorporategovernance,hugechallengestothecorebusiness,andadamagedbrand-remaintoday.FacebooklookslikeaprimeexampleofwhatWallStreetcallsafallingknife-thatis,onethatcancostinvestorstheirfingersiftheytrytocatchit.

Startwiththevaluation（估值）.TojustifyastockpriceclosetothelowerendoftheprojectedrangeintheIPO,say$28ashare,Facebook'sfuturegrowthwouldhaveneededtomatchthatofGooglesevenyearsearlier.Thatwouldhaverequiredincreasingrevenuebysome80percentannuallyandmaintaininghighprofitmarginsallthewhile.That'snothappening.Inthefirsthalfof2012,Facebookreportedrevenueof$2.24billion,up38percentfromthesameperiodin2011.Atthesametime,thecompany'scostssurgedto$2.6billioninthesix-monthperiod

Thisso-soperformancereflectstheAchilles'heelofFacebook'sbusinessmodel,whichthecompanyclearlystatedinalistofriskfactorsassociatedwithitsIPO:

ithasn'tyetfiguredouthowtoadvertiseeffectivelyonmobiledevices,ThenumberofFacebookusersaccessingthesiteontheirphonessurgedby67percentto543millioninthelastquarter,ormorethanhalfitscustomerbase.

Numbersareonlypartoftheproblem.ThemountingpileoffailurecreatesanegativefeedbackloopthatthreatensFacebook'sfutureinotherways.Indeed,themoreFacebook'sdisappointmentinthemarketiscatalogued,theworseFacebook'simagebecomes.Notonlydoesthatthreatentoruboffonusers,it'sbadforrecruitmentandretentionoftalentedhackers,whoarethelifebloodofZuckerberg'screation.

YetthebrilliantCEOcanignorethesadnessandcomplaintsofhisshareholdersthankstothesuper-votingstockheholds.Thisarrangementalsowasfullydisclosedatthetimeoftheoffering.It'sapitysofewinvestorsapparentlybotheredtodotheirhomework.

1.WhatcanbeinferredaboutFacebookfromthefirstparagraph________?

A.Itsmarketmeltdownhasbeeneasilyhalted.

B.Ithasincreasedtradewiththenewspaperindustry.

C.Itsshareholdershaveinvested50billioninasocialnetwork.

D.Ithasencounteredutterfailuresinceitsstockdebut.

2.ThecrisesFacebookisfacing________

A.havebeendisclosedintheIPOprospectus

B.haveexistedforalongtime

C.aretheuniversalrisksWallStreetconfronts

D.disappointitsfaithfulusers

3.Tomakeitsstockpricereasonable,Facebookhasto________

A.narrowtheIPOpricerange

B.keepenormouslyprofitable

C.cooperatewithGoogle

D.investadditional

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthecontextthatthe"Achilles'heel"refersto________

A.potentialrisk

B.problemunsolved

C.indisputablefact

D.deadlyweakness

5.WhateffectwillFacebook'sfailureinthemarkethave________?

A.Thecompany'sinnovationstrengthwillbedamaged.

B.Talentedhackerswilltakedownthewebsite.

C.TheCEOwillholdthesuper-votingstock.

D.Itsusers'benefitswillbethreatened.

Passage4

　　"Yes,I'llbereadyatnineinthemorning.Goodbye,dear,andthanksagain."IthadnotbeenaneasytelephonecallforMrs.Robsontomake.Herdaughterhadbeenverykind,ofcourse,andhadimmediatelyagreedtopickherupanddrivehertothestation,butMrs.Robsonhatedtoadmitthatsheneededhelp.Sinceherhusbandhaddiedtenyearsbefore,shehadpridedherselfonherindependence.Shehadcontinuedtoliveintheirlittlehouse,alone.

　　Ontheevening,however,shewasstandingatherliving-roomwindow,staringoutattheSOLDnoticeinthesmallfrontgarden.