中考英语二轮复习短文语法选择首字母阅读.docx

中考英语二轮复习短文语法选择首字母阅读.docx

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中考英语二轮复习短文语法选择首字母阅读

2019中考英语短文语法选择+首字母阅读新选（4）

一、阅读理解。

A

（2019中考选练）

Areyouagoodreceiver?

Itmightsoundlikeafunnyquestionbutitisanimportantonethateachofusshouldaskourselves.

   Strangely,mostofusarebettergiversthanreceivers.Wegivetoourfamily,ourfriendsandevencharities,andoppositetowhatwemightthink,mostofusareactuallyverygoodatgiving.Butreceivingisanothermatter.Weoftenfeelalittleuneasywhenreceiving,althoughitisnotverynoticeable.Evenpraisegetsdeflected（转向）whenitcomesourway.Whensomeonepraisesusforhelpinghimmoveorcleanupthehouse,wewillpossiblysay,“Ah,itwasnothing.”Whensomeonepraisesthecoatwearewearing,wemaymentionhowweboughtitatadiscountinsteadofsimplyenjoyingthepraise.Actually,thepraiseisagifttous,andwhenwedon’treceiveitproperly,wearedishonoringthegiver.

   Givingiseasy,asthereismuchpleasureingiving,butreceivingisanartthattakespractice.Tobeagoodreceiverrequiresasenseofcloserelationshipwiththegiver.Itisalwaysapleasureforagivertoseethegiftreceivedinapleasantway.Andthisisalsothebestwayforareceivertohonorthegiverandgivehimsomethingback.

   Manyrelationshipsarenotsogoodnotbecausepeoplearenotgivingtoeachother,butbecausetheyarenotreceivingfromeachotherwell.Weshouldreceivethelove,respectthepraise,andgivethankseverytimegivinghappens.Weshouldpracticereceivingallthepleasuresthathappentouseveryday,insteadoftakingthemforgranted.Thinkofhowmanysimpleeverydaygiftswearebeinggivenallthetime:

thebeautyofnature,artandinspiring（激励人的）conversations.Butarewetrulyreceivingthemwhentheyhappentous,orarewebusywithothermatters,notnoticing?

Weshouldmastertheartofreceiving:

acceptthegiftslifeoffersusandshowourappreciationforthem.

   Wearetaughtthatitisbettertogivethantoreceive.Butthissuggeststhatthereissomethingwrongwithreceiving.Thereisnothingwrongwithreceiving.Itisbettertogiveandreceive.Letlifeshoweruswithgifts,pleasures,joys,surprises,bothlargeandsmall,andletustakenoticeofallthesethingsandacceptthemhappilyandthankfully.Themorewecanreceive,themorewecangiveback,butgivingmoredoesnotnecessarilymeanreceivingmore.Wemustrememberitishardertoreceivethantogive,andtrytopracticereceiving.Thispracticewillbenefitusgreatly,makingusbecomegoodreceiversaswellasgoodgivers.

1.AccordingtoParagraph2,whatdowepossiblydowhenwearepraised?

  A.Honorthegiverpublicly.

  B.Showourpleasureclearly.

  C.Receivethepraiseuncomfortably.

  D.Expressourdisagreementproperly.

2.Theexpression“takingthemforgranted”probablymeans“_______”.

  A.lookingforthemwithexpectation   

  B.dependingonthemwithsatisfaction 

  C.gettingawayfromthemwithoutregret

  D.benefitingfromthemwithoutappreciation

3.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

  A.Peopleusuallycanreceivemorebygivingmore.  

  B.Peopleusuallytrytoreceiveasmuchaspossible.  

  C.Peopleshouldgiveagiftbackwhenreceivingone.  

  D.Peoplecanimproverelationshipsbyreceivingwell.  

4.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

  A.BeaGoodReceiverandGiver

  B.BettertoGiveThantoReceive

  C.BettertoGive,BettertoReceive

  D.BeaReceiverRatherThanaGiver

参考答案1.C 2.D3.D4.A  

B

Earthquakesarecommononearth.Theyshakebelowtheearthsurface（表面）thousandsoftimeseveryday.Sometimestheydogreatharm（伤害）tohumanbeings.Soit'squitenecessaryforeveryonetolearnsomeknowledgeaboutthem.Herearesometipswhichareusefultoyou.

SafetyTips：

◆Knowhowtoturnoffyourgasandwater.

◆Lookforaplaceineachroomsothatyoucanhidewhentheearthquakehappens.

◆Keepabottleofwateraroundyouwhenyouaresleeping.

Ifearthquakebegins：

◆Takeacoverunderadeskortable.

◆Stayindoorsuntiltheshakingstopsoryou'resureit'ssafe.

◆Stayawayfrombookcasesorfurniturethatcanfallonyou.

◆Stayawayfromwindows.Inahighrisebuilding，expectthefirealarmstogooffduringaquake.

◆Ifyouareoutdoors，findaclearspotawayfrombuildings，trees，andpowerlines.Droptotheground.

◆Ifyouareinacar，slowdownanddrivetoaclearplace.Stayinthecaruntiltheshakingstops.

（　　）1.Accordingtothepassage，weknowthatearthquakes______.

A．arenotcommononearthB．shakebelowtheearthsurface

C．onlydogreatharmtohumansD．cometousmanytimeseveryday

（　　）2.Whenyouaresleeping，you'dbetter______.

A.keepabottleofwateraroundB.lookforaplaceineachroom

C.knowhowtoturnoffyourgasandwaterD.takeacoverunderadeskortable

（　　）3.Iftheearthquakebegins，youcanget______tipstohelpyoufromthispassage.

A.3B.4

C.5D.6

（　　）4.Ifyouareoutdoors，youcan't______whentheearthquakebegins.

A.findaclearspotawayfrombuildingsB.findaclearspotawayfromtrees

C.droptothegroundD.gointoahighbuilding

（　　）5.What'sthebesttitleofthispassage?

A.EarthquakesAreCommonB.HowDoestheEarthquakesHappen

C.SafetyTipsAboutAccidentD.WhattoDoWhentheEarthquakeHappens

参考答案1～5BADDD　

C

（2019中考训练题）

PeopleoftenthinkoftheNorthPole（北极）andtheSouthPoleassimilarfrozen（冰冻的）

wastelands.Theyarebothplaceswithverycoldtemperaturesandfewpeoplelivethere.However,theNorthandSouthPolesarenotmuchalikeaspeoplemayimagine.

TheNorthPolehasnoland,onlythickice.Temperaturesseldomgoabove32°F,atwhichwaterturnsintoice.Mostofthetime,itstaysbelowzero.Inwintertemperaturesareusuallyaslowas-30°F.

Althoughconditionswereverypoor,peopletriedformanycenturiestoreachtheNorthPole.About100yearsago,twomen,RobertPearyandMathewHenson,wereabletogettothisenvironmentfulloftroublesanddifficulties.TheyreachedtheNorthPoleonMarch8th,1909.Itwasreallyahardtripforthem.

TherearefewthingsmoredangerousthancrossingtheArctic（北极圈）onfoot.Peoplewhostayedtheremayfacemanyproblems:

verycoldtemperatures,suddenstorms,andevenhunger.Mostoftheareaisuninhabited.Fewpeoplecanliveinsuchadifficultplace.

Peoplemightthinkthatwithsuchlowtemperaturesformostoftheyear,theicewouldbethickandhard.However,thisisnottrueintheArctic.Themovementoftheoceanwaterundertheicemayoftencausemanydifferentchangesonthesurface.Sometimestheicebreaksintotwoopeninglanesofwater（水道）called“leads”.Anyonewhofallsintoaleadcanbefrozentodeathinafewminutes.

1．Thispassageisprobablyfrom___________.

A．abookreviewB．asciencebook

C．aschoolreportD．acomputermagazine

2．Accordingtothepassage,whathappenedabout100yearsago?

A．TwomensucceededingettingtotheNorthPole.

B．TemperaturesintheNorthPolewentabove32°F.

C．TheenvironmentintheNorthPolesuddenlybecameworse.

D．TheNorthPolechangedintothickicebecauseofthetemperatures.

3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“uninhabited”probablymeaninChinese?

A．气候恶劣的B．充满危险的C．困难重重的D．无人居住的

4．Thereasonfortheicetobreakintotwoopeninglanesofwateris_____________.

A．thatthetemperaturesuddenlydropsB．thatthewaterundertheiceisfrozen

C．thattheoceanwaterundertheicemovesD．thatthesurfaceiscoveredwithlotsofice

5．Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?

A．ThethickiceintheNorthPole.

B．AdifficulttriptotheNorthPole.

C．TherealsituationintheNorthPole.

D．ThedifferencesbetweentheNorthPoleandtheSouthPole.

【解析】试题分析：

本文是一篇科普文，介绍了北极点的有关情况。

首先指出北极和南极并不像人们想象的那么相像，接着从冰层厚、气温低等方面介绍恶劣的环境，然后插入了100多年前两个人克服重重困难走到北极的故事，证明了北极的大部分地区无人居住。

最后介绍了海水在冰下的运动常常会引起表面上许多不同的变化。

1．题意：

这篇文章可能是从___________。

考查综合理解题。

A.abookreview一本书评；B.asciencebook一本科学书；C.aschoolreport一则学术报告；D.acomputermagazine一本计算机杂志。

短文是一则科普文，根据它的体裁，应该摘自于科学书。

故选B。

2．题意：

根据这篇文章，大约100年前发生了什么？

考查细节理解题。

A.TwomensucceededingettingtotheNorthPole.两个人成功地到达了北极点。

根据About100yearsago,twomen,RobertPearyandMathewHenson,wereabletogettothisenvironmentfulloftroublesanddifficulties.可知，说法正确，可选。

B.TemperaturesintheNorthPolewentabove32°F.北极点的温度超过华氏32度。

根据原文句子Temperaturesseldomgoabove32°F，可知温度极少能超过华氏32度，故说法错误。

C.TheenvironmentintheNorthPolesuddenlybecameworse.北极的环境突然变得更糟了，短文没有提及，故说法错误。

D.TheNorthPolechangedintothickicebecauseofthetemperatures.北极由于气温变化变成厚厚的冰，根据However,thisisnottrueintheArctic.可知，说法错误。

根据文意，可知选A。

3．题意：

下划线的“uninhabited”这个词在汉语中是什么意思？

考查词义理解题。

few一点，表否定意义。

根据下文提示Fewpeoplecanliveinsuchadifficultplace.，可知很少有人能生活在这样困难的地方。

故选D。

4．题意：

冰块断做两口水道的原因是___________。

考查细节理解题。

A.thatthetemperaturesuddenlydrops气温突然下降；B.thatthewaterundertheiceisfrozen冰下的水结冰了；C.thattheoceanwaterundertheicemoves冰下的海水移动了；D.thatthesurfaceiscoveredwithlotsofice表面覆盖着很多冰。

根据短文最后的内容Themovementoftheoceanwaterundertheicemayoftencausemanydifferentchangesonthesurface.Sometimestheicebreaksintotwoopeninglanesofwatercalled“leads”.，可知选C。

5．题意：

这篇文章主要讲的是什么？

考查文意理解和综合理解题。

A.ThethickiceintheNorthPole.北极点厚厚的冰；B.AdifficulttriptotheNorthPole.艰难的北极点之行；C.TherealsituationintheNorthPole.北极点的实际情况；D.ThedifferencesbetweentheNorthPoleandtheSouthPole.北极点和南极点之间的差异。

本文的主要内容就是介绍北极点的有关情况。

根据文意，可知选C。

点睛：

对于阅读理解题，首先要粗读文章了解大意，其次通过细读，理解全文。

在粗读的基础上，仔细阅读题后所给的题目，根据题目要求，再有重点地返回来仔细阅读。

在阅读理解的题目中，所设问题主要有以下几种方式：

找主题或概括文章的中心思想、就文中的具体事实和情节进行提问、根据文章的表层意思进行深层次的推理判断等，在细读时，要根据设问的方式，进行有侧重地阅读。

1、概括文章中心思想。

1）文首呈现主题句。

2）文尾出现主题句。

3）首尾呼应展现主题。

4）文中表述主题。

前面提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出，而后再做进一步的解释。

5）文章没有主题句。

在这种情况下，考生要把所有的细节综合起来。

进行逻辑