新概念英语第三册课堂笔记第3课.docx
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新概念英语第三册课堂笔记第3课
新概念英语第三册课堂笔记:
第3课
Lesson3
Anunknowngoddess
无名女神
【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语
★goddess(tile)
n.女神
★archaeologist
n.考古学家
★Aegean
adj.爱玲海的
★explore
v.考察,勘探
Thearchaeologistsareexploringthecave.
explorationn.
explorern.探险家
★promontory
n.海角
★prosperous
adj.(经济上)繁荣的,昌盛的
ourfinanceisprosperous
thriving昌盛的,兴旺的
booming蓬勃的,景气的
flourishing繁茂的,健康的
★civilization
n.文明
highlevelofcivilization
高度文明
civilizev.
★storey
n.楼层
★drainage
n.排水
★worship
n.祟拜
respect;admire
Whodoyouworshipintheworld?
warshipn.军舰战船
★sacred
adj.宗教的,神圣的
holyadj.神圣的,圣洁的
solemnadj.庄严的,庄重的
sacredmusic圣乐
sacredpromise神圣的诺言
★fragment
n.碎片
★remains
n.遗物,遗迹,废墟
★classical
adj.(希腊和罗马)古化的
classicalmusic古典音乐
classicaleducation人文科学教育
classicadj.第一流的
Thisistheclassicexampleofloveatthefirstsight.
classicn.杰作,经典之作
★reconstruct
v.修复
re-重新,再次
construct构造,建造,组织
buildhouse造建造物
putupatent
constructasentence
constructabrokenstatuary
erect:
buildhighbuildings
erectmonument建造纪念碑
erectclocktower建造钟楼
setup;establish;found建立
setupstudents'union
establishaschool/rule
foundacountry
constructionn.
constructiveadj.有教育意义的
constructorn.
★rest
v.倚放,放置
★hip
n.屁股,臀部
hipn.[口]在服用兴奋剂、宗教信仰方面赶时髦的人;消息灵通人士;adj.通晓的,见闻广的
Maryisarealhip.
Theguyisn'tahip.
joinedatthehip表示交情极厚的
Eg.:
Thesetwoarejoinedatthehip.
shootfromthehip信口开河
Eg.:
Sorry,IsaidthatIshouldn'thaveshotfromthehip.
★full-length
adj.(裙衣)拖地长的
afull-lengthdress拽地长裙
★graceful
adj.优雅的
agracefullady
elegant(behavier)
★identity
n.身份
Listentothetapethenanswerthequestionbelow.
听录音,然后回答以下问题。
Howdidthearchaeologistsknowthatthestatuewasagoddess?
Sometimeago,andinterestingdiscoverywasmadebyarchaeologistsontheAegeanislandofKea.AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichstandsinanancientcityonthepromontoryofAyiaIrini.Thecityatonetimemusthavebeenprosperous,foritenjoyedahighlevelofcivilization.Houses--oftenthreestoreyshigh--werebuiltofstone.Theyhadlargeroomswithbeautifullydecoratedwalls.Thecitywasequippedwithadrainagesystem,foragreatmanyclaypipeswerefoundbeneaththenarrowstreets.
ThetemplewhichthearchaeologistsexploredwasusedasaplaceofworshipfromthefifteenthcenturyB.C.untilRomantimes.Inthemostsacredroomoftemple,clayfragmentsoffifteenstatueswerefound.Eachoftheserepresentedagoddessandhad,atonetime,beenpainted.ThebodyofonestatuewasfoundamongremainsdatingfromthefifteenthcenturyB.C.It'smissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsofthefifthcenturyB.C.ThisheadmusthavebeenfoundinClassicaltimesandcarefullypreserved.Itwasveryoldandpreciouseventhen.Whenthearchaeologistsreconstructedthefragments,theywereamazedtofindthatthegoddessturnedouttobeaverymodern-lookingwoman.Shestoodthreefeethighandherhandsrestedonherhips.Shewaswearingafull-lengthskirtwhichswepttheground.Despitehergreatage,shewasverygracefulindeed,but,sofar,thearchaeologistshavebeenunabletodiscoverheridentity.
参考译文
不久之前,在爱琴海的基亚岛上,考古工作者有一项有趣的发现。
一个美国考古队在阿伊亚.依里尼海角的一座古城里考察了一座庙宇。
这座古城肯定一度很繁荣,因为它曾享有高度的文明,房子一般有3层楼高,用石块修建。
里面房间很大,墙壁装饰华丽。
城里甚至还敷设了排水系统,因为在狭窄的街道底下发现了许很多多陶土制作的排水管道。
考古工作者考察的这座庙宇从公元前15世纪直到罗马时代一直是祭祀祈祷的场所。
在庙中最神圣的一间殿堂里发现了15尊陶雕像的碎片。
每一尊雕像代表一位女神,而且一度上过色。
其中有一尊雕像,她的躯体是在公元前15世纪的历史文物中发现的,而她那身异处的脑袋却碰巧是在公元前5世纪的文物中找到的。
她的脑袋一定是在古希腊罗马时代就为人所发现,并受到精心的保护。
却使在当时,它也属历史悠久的珍奇之物。
考古工作者把这些碎片重新拼装起来后,惊奇地发现那位女神原来是一位相貌十分摩登的女郎。
她身高3英尺,双手叉腰。
身穿一条拖地长裙,即使上了年纪,但体态确实优美。
不过,考古工作者至今未能确定这位女神的身份。
【课文讲解】
aninterestingdiscovery:
强调discovery,体现发现这个动作被考古学家做出
主动语态难以突出重点archaeologistsmadeaninterestingdiscovery
英文表达:
事件、结果、影响、效果为主语、强调对客观事实的陈述
AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhich....
which引导定语从句,修饰限定temple
whichstandsinanancientcityon...
which=that;stand=lie,situate(vt.),locate(vt.)
AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichislocated/situatedin...
AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichliesin
stand表示高高坐落于,矗立于
Shestands1.75m./Agreattreestandsonthemount.
Thecityatonetimemusthavebeenprosperous,forit...
for引导原因状语从句,对主句的附加说明和解释,提供更多的信息
because引导原因状语从句,重点突出原因
Eg.:
Thedaybrokeforthebirdsweresinging.
atonetime表达以前,一度;过去时态的标志,once
musthavebeen对过去事实肯定的推测
enjoyedahighlevelofcivilization享有高度文明
with...
ayoungmanwithbroadshoulders/anoldladywithbalckhair
beautifullydecorated过去分词做定语
abeautifullydressedlady衣着漂亮的女士/adesertedcarpark
废弃的停车场awhitepainteddoor被刷成白色的门
现在分词做定语,被修饰词与修饰词之间为逻辑主动关系
aboyclimbingthetree/thestudentsreadingintheroom
Thecitywasevenequippedwith...for...werefound
beequippedwith配备,装备
thecarwasequippedwithairconditioning.
for引导原因状语从句
beneaththenarrowstreets/underthenarrowstreets
prep.beneath=under正下方
Heisstandingunder/beneaththeumbrella
under在实行中:
undercontrol控制之中;underdiscussion讨论之中
underrepairs修理之中
below在下方,强调在斜下方
Sheissittingbelowthewindow
Thetemplewhich....
beusedas/beusedtobe把……用作为
Theboxwasusedasadeskinthesmallvillageschool.
Thewoodenboxwasusedasabookcase
Thewoodenboxisusedtocontainbooks
inthemostsacredroomof...
Eachoftheserepresented...beenpainted.
representvt.代表
Irepresentalltheclassmates.
Thebodyofonestatuewasfound...
dating现在分词,修饰remains
thecustomsdatingfrom1990
Thetraditiondatesfromthetimewhenhisgrandfatherwasyoung.
Thecastledatesfromthe14thcentury.
Thecastledatesbacktothe14thcentury.
Itsmissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsof...
happento强调事情的偶然发生
Ihappentohavedriventhatkindofcar.
Hehappenedtofindtheticketinhispocket.
句式:
Ithappensthat...
IthappenedthatImetheronmywaytowork.
Ihappenedtomeetheronmywaywork.
happenon巧遇,偶然
Ihappenedonthisoldpictureinthebackofthedrawer.
Guess,whoIhappenedonwhileIwasinLondonlastmonth?
reconstruct:
puttogether,piecetogether,restore
amazed;verymuchsurprised
surprised;astonished;amazed;astounded感到惊讶,语气递增
astonished;muchsurprised;amazed;verymuchsurprised惊奇
astounded非常惊讶、惊奇、惊愕
tofind.../todiscover.../torealize...
I'mnotsurprisedtoseeyouhere
turnout表示结果;prove
turnout(tobe)+n./adj.
Theconcertturnedouttobeafailure.
Ourpartyturnedout(tobe)asuxxess.
Itturnedoutthat....
that从句,或其他名词从句;it作形式主语
Itturnedoutthatthediamondshadbeeninthebankallthetime.
Itturnedoutthathisstatementwasfalse.
asitturnsout
Eg.:
Asitturnedout,therewasnoneedtoworry.
Eg.:
Asitturnedout,thereportwasmistaken.
Shestoodthreefeethighandherhandsrestedonherhips.
reston=dependon,leanon
Hishandrestedlightlyonmyshoulder
whichswepttheground近一步说明拖地的,拽地的
despite=inspiteof+n./动名词
Itisstillaproblemforthearchaeologistsuptonow.
sofar,uptonow完成时的标志
discoverheridentity;findoutheridentity
【Specialdifficulties】
happen(to),ithappenedthat...
【Multiplechoicequestions】
(1)...d...
'ItsmissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsofthefifthcenturyB.C.'
(2)...d...
thisiscomfirmedbythefactthat引导同位语从句,补充说明fact的内容
beemployedin:
被应用在...方面
(3)...a...
indoingsth.:
在...方面
(4)...
know:
知道,理解;经历过,以前有过(=experience)
文学用语,比experience更加正式
(5)...b...
since:
自从
主干的时态为现在完成时
(6)...c...
toone'ssurprise:
使某人感到惊讶的是
(在句中可做独立的状语,句子的主语不必是某个人)
withsurprise:
惊讶地
(首先,必须与行为动词连用,其次,句子的主语必须是某个人)
Tomygreatdisappointmentthetrainhadalreadyleft
Withsatisfaction/delight/dismay
Hesmokedhislastcigarettewithsatisfaction.
Hewenthomewithdismay.
Toourdismaythepartyprovedtobeafailure.
Structure
(7)...b...
despite=inspiteof(能够和名词、代词、动名词搭配)
(8)...b...
sofar——现在完成时的标志
如果用possible/impossible,要采用形势主语it
...ithasbeenimpossibleforthearchaeologiststodiscoverheridentity.
Vocabulary
(9)...a...
原文中用到sacred(宗教的,神圣的)
religious:
宗教的
frightening:
令人害怕的
colourful:
丰富多彩的
(10)...d...
state
welldone侧重强调做得好
conserve=keepfrombeingwasted,damaged,lost,destroyed
“不用尽或耗尽某物,保留”
conserveyourenergyyouneeded.
wemustconserveourforest
maintain:
通过修缮保养,不使...破损(强调动作的过程)“维修,保养”
(11)...b...
turnout=prove
(12)...
sofar=>untilnow,uptillnow
befroehand:
(a)事先=inadvance
atthisdistance(of/intime):
时隔已久
Icanhardlyrememberhimatthisdistanceoftime