苏版初二下英语unit10语法篇教师版.docx
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苏版初二下英语unit10语法篇教师版
苏版初二（下）英语：
unit10语法篇（教师版）
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学生通过本讲学习，能够掌握本单元的重点语法，并在综合能力上有一定的拓展。
现在完成时for，since用法
1.表示在过去开始一直延续到现在（可能延续下去）的动作或状态时,时间状语有：
for（twoyears）,since1990,since（twoweeksago）和since引导的状语从句。
如：
Ihavebeenawayfrommyhometownforthirtyyears.（我离开家乡有30年了）
UncleWanghasworkedinthefactorysinceitopened.
（自从这家工厂开张,王叔叔一直在那儿工作）
2.口语中havegot往往表示have（有）的意思。
如：
Theyhavegotthousandsofbooksintheirlibrary.（他们图书馆有上万本书）
3.havebeento与havegoneto的区别：
havegoneto（〝已经去了〞）表示人不在这里,havebeento（〝去过〞）表示人在这里。
如：
--WhereisMrLi?
–HehasgonetotheUK.（李先生在哪里？
他去了英国。
）
--DoyouknowsomethingaboutBeijing?
–Yes,IhavebeentoBeijingthreetimes.
（你知道北京的情况吗？
是的,我去过那里三次。
）
4.在完成时中,一个瞬间性动词（一次性动作）不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,此时须将该瞬间动词改为延续性动词或状态动词。
具体变化见下表：
瞬间性动词的完成时
延续性动词或状态动词的完成时
have
（already）
goneto…
have
beenin/at…
for（twoyears）
has
cometo…
has
beenhere
since（1990）
（had）
left…
（had）
beenawayfrom…
arrived…
beenin…
died
beendead
begun
beenon
ended
beenover
bought...
had…
borrowed…
kept…
joined…
beenin…
或者使用下面这个句型：
Itis/hasbeen+（多久）+since+主语（人）+谓语（过去时）+……+过去时间状语
[注意]在其它的时态中也存在类似问题,记住,关键是：
瞬间动词不能和表达一段时间的状语连用。
如：
HowlongmayIkeepthebook?
（这本书我能借多久？
）（句子中keep取代了borrow）
1.Theyhavebeenfriends overtenyears.
A.
since
B.
in
C.
for
D.
with
解析：
现在完成时中和一段时间连用的介词为for，应选C。
2.---Howlonghaveyou thebike?
---Forthreeyears.
A.
borrowed
B.
lent
C.
bought
D.
had
解析：
在现在完成时中，和for，since连用的谓语应该是延续性动词而不是为点动词，应选D。
3.Hehaslivedhere hewassixyearsold.
A.
since
B.
for
C.
when
D.
from
解析：
引导现在完成时的时间状语时，for+一段时间，since+时间点或句子，应选A。
4.RosecametoBeijingin2019.She hereforeightyears.
A.
wasliving
B.
live
C.
willlive
D.
haslived
解析：
因为是for引导一段时间，同时根据题意可知此题为一般现在时，应选D。
5.--- didyourbrotherleavehome?
---He fornearlyhalfanhour.
A.
When;hasleft
B.
When;hasbeenaway
C.
Howlong;hasleft
D.
Howlong;hasbeenaway
解析：
在问句中因为leave是点动词，因此是问你弟弟什么时候离开家，故用when，第二个句子因为是和for引导的一段时间，故为现在完成时，同时谓语应该为延续性动词，应选B。
基础演练
【一】单项选择〔共10小题；共10.0分〕
1.---We'velivedhere 2019.
---Soyou'velivedhere aboutfiveyears.
A.
since;for
B.
for;since
C.
for;for
D.
since;since
2.MissGaohastaughtusEnglish twoyears.Ihavebeenhere twoyearsago.
A.
since;for
B.
since;since
C.
for;since
D.
for;for
3.Joe,myclosefriend,movedtoBeijingyearsago,andI himsincethen.
A.
don'tsee
B.
didn'tsee
C.
haven'tseen
D.
won'tsee
4.Thetrain herefortenminutesalready.
A.
hasbeen
B.
hascome
C.
hasstopped
D.
hasgone
5.TheSmithscametoShanghaiin2019.They thereforthreeyearssincethen.
A.
live
B.
lived
C.
havelived
D.
willlive
6.I myhometownforalongtime.Ireallymissit!
A.
left
B.
wentawayfrom
C.
haveleft
D.
havebeenawayfrom
7.She thisbookfornearlythreeweeks.
A.
hasborrowed
B.
haslent
C.
hasbought
D.
haskept
8.---Howisyourgrandfather?
---Oh,he forhalfayear.
---Iamsorrytohearthat.
A.
hasdied
B.
died
C.
hasbeendead
D.
dies
9.Sam ChinesesincehecametoChina.HespeaksChinesewellnow.
A.
learns
B.
learned
C.
haslearned
D.
willlearn
10.Hurryup!
Theplay fortenminutes.
A.
hasbegun
B.
hadbegun
C.
hasbeenon
D.
began
【二】翻译（根据中文提示完成句子）〔共5小题；共5.0分〕
11.---你做了多长时间的作业了?
---两个小时了。
---Howlong you yourhomework?
--- twohours.
12.詹姆斯自从2019年就在北京做外教。
James aforeignteacherinBeijing 2019.
13.这本书你已经借了一个星期了。
请尽快还回来。
You thisbookforaweek.Pleasegiveitbackassoonaspossible.
14.从2019年开始，他就离开了家乡。
He awayfromhishometown 2019.
15.他奶奶生病了,已经住院一个月了。
Hisgrandmother inhospitalforamonth.
答案
【一】单项选择
1.A2.C3.C4.A5.C
6.D7.D8.C9.C10.C
【二】翻译（根据中文提示完成句子）
11.have;done;For
12.hasbeen,since
13.havekept
14.hasbeen;since
15.hasbeenill
巩固提高
根据汉语意思翻译句子〔每空一词〕
1.我还没有完成作业。
I______________myhomework_______.
2.上周我妈妈去美国了，到现在还没有回来。
Mymother________toAmericalastweek,andshe_____________backyet.
3．——你喂小狗了吗？
——喂了。
我刚刚喂了它。
——_______you_______thelittledog?
——Yes,I________itjustnow.
4．他已经看了两个小时的电视了。
He____________________TVfortwohours.
5．他离开家乡三年了。
_____________________threeyears_______helefthometown.
6．Susan两个月前离开了学校。
Twomonths_______________________Susanleftschool.
7．我去过北京两次了。
I_______________________Beijingtwice.
8．——你读过«小妇人»吗？
——不，我还没有。
——_______you______LittleWomanyet?
——No,______________.
9．你决定英语课要写的书了吗？
_______you______yetwhichbook______________aboutforEnglishclass?
10.我选了«金银岛»，但是我还没有读完它。
IchoseTreasureIsland,butI______________readingit________.
haven’tfinished;yet
went;hasn’tcome
Have;fed;fed
hasalreadywatched
Ithasbeen;since
haspassedsince
havebeento
Have;read;Ihaven’t
Have;decided;towrite
haven’tfinished;yet
【一】用动词的正确形式填空
1．______she______（water）theflowersyet?
2．He_______（leave）thecountryandgonetoIndia.
3．Ihave________（be）hereforthreemonths.
4．I_______already________（buy）anewcar.
5．I_______（have）nonewsfromhimforalongtime.
【二】将以下句子改为现在完成时，每空一词
6.Hecamebacktwohoursago.
He______________back_______twohours.
7．Shejoinedthemusicclublastweek.
She_____________________themusicclub_______twoweeks.
8．Theycameherein2019.
They______________here______2019.
9.Janeborrowedthebooklastmonth.
Jane______________thebook_______twomonths.
10.Tomboughtthecarin2018.
Tom____________thecar_______2018.
1.Has;watered2.hasleft3.been4.have;bought5.havehad
6.hasbeen;for7.hasbeenin;for8.havebeen;since
9.haskept;for10.hashad;since
【二】完型〔171中学期中考试题〕
Youngpeopleareoftenunhappywhentheyarewiththeirparents.Theysaythattheirparentsdon't1 them.Theyoftenthinktheirparentsaretoostrictwiththem,andtheyarenevergivena2 hand.
Parentsoftenfind3 difficulttowintheirchildren'strustandtheyseemtoforgethowtheythemselves4 whentheywereyoung.
Forexample,youngpeopleliketodothingswithoutmuchthinking.It'soneoftheirwaysto5 thattheygrowupandtheycandowithanydifficultthings.Olderpeopleworrymoreeasily.Mostofthemplanthingsaheadanddon'tliketheirplanstobechanged.
Whenyouwantyourparentstoletyoudosomething,youwillhavebettersuccess6 youaskbeforeyoureallystartdoingit.
Youngpeopleoftenmaketheirparentsangrybyclothestheywant,themusictheyenjoyandsomethingelse.Butthey7 tocauseanytrouble.Theyjustfeelthatinthiswaytheycanbecutofffromtheoldpeople'sworldandtheywanttomakeanewcultureoftheirown.Andiftheirparentsdon'tliketheirmusicorclothesortheirmannerofspeech,theyoungpeoplefeelvery8 .
Sometimesyouevendon'twantyourparentstosay〝9 〞towhatyoudo.Youwanttostayathome10 anddowhatyoulike.
Ifyouplantocontrolyour11 ,you'dbetterwinyourparentsoverandtrytogetthemtounderstandyou.Ifyourparentsseethatyouhavehighsenseofresponsibility,theywillcertainlygiveyoutherighttodo12 youwanttodo.
1.
A.
remember
B.
cookmealsfor
C.
understand
D.
know
2.
A.
helpful
B.
useful
C.
free
D.
strong
3.
A.
that
B.
this
C.
one
D.
it
4.
A.
thought
B.
wanted
C.
needed
D.
felt
5.
A.
learn
B.
see
C.
find
D.
show
6.
A.
since
B.
if
C.
because
D.
after
7.
A.
don'tmean
B.
mean
C.
don'tlike
D.
like
8.
A.
lonely
B.
unhappy
C.
interesting
D.
strange
9.
A.
Yes
B.
No
C.
Sorry
D.
That'sright
10.
A.
alone
B.
lonely
C.
even
D.
though
11.
A.
life
B.
work
C.
study
D.
health
12.
A.
that
B.
what
C.
how
D.
when
CCDDDBABAAAB
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【二】单项选择
31.---Hi,guys.Whereareyouheadingnow?
---Home.We allourmoney,sowehavetowalkhomenow.
A.
spend
B.
spent
C.
havespent
D.
arespending
32.---IsJackathome?
---No,he thebookshop.He thereafewminutesago.
A.
hasgoneto;went
B.
hasgoneto;hasbeen
C.
hasbeento;went
D.
hasbeento;hasgone
33.Itis noisyhere Ican'thearyouclearly.
A.
very;because
B.
too;to
C.
very;that
D.
so;that
34. itrainedheavily,nooneinourclasswaslateforschool.
A.
Because
B.
Eventhough
C.
Assoonas
D.
Until
35.Ourheadteacheroften us English.
A.
encourage;tolearn
B.
encourages;tolearn
C.
encouraged;tolearn
D.
encourages;learn
36.Mr.Green hislessonswhenIwentintohisoffice.
A.
prepares
B.
prepared
C.
ispreparing
D.
waspreparing
37.Youlooktired.Youshouldbeoutforawalk workingindoors.
A.
aheadof
B.
升级会员 