《双城记》中涉及基督教思想.docx

《双城记》中涉及基督教思想.docx

《《双城记》中涉及基督教思想.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《《双城记》中涉及基督教思想.docx（14页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

《双城记》中涉及基督教思想

《双城记》中的基督教思想

    Tags：

双城记基督教思想

[Abstract]Thispapercentersonthelover’sconflictsamongfourprotagonists---EdmondDantes,FernandMondego,Mercédes,andHaydeeinthebookofTheCountofMonteCristo.Throughthelovestory,wecanfindloveplaystwodifferentroles----akillerandasaver.Dantes’deeploveforMercedeshasmadehimlosehimselfintherevenge,becauseMercedesdoesnotkeepherpromiseandmarriesMondego,whoisDantes’totalpersonalenemy.WhilelovebetweenDantesandHaydeehelpsDantesgethimoutoftherevenge.AlexandreDumashasgivenanewannotationtolove.

[KeyWords]love;TheCountofMonteCristo;revenge

【摘要】这篇论文主要讨论《基督山伯爵》中四个主人翁爱德蒙·唐太斯、弗尔南多、美塞苔丝和海黛等情侣之间恋爱所引发的矛盾。

我们能够发现爱情在整个爱情故事中扮演了两个截然不同的角色——杀手与拯救者。

爱德蒙·唐太斯对美塞苔丝深深的爱使他迷失在复仇的怪圈中不能自拔，因为美塞苔丝没有遵守自己的诺言，嫁给了弗尔南多，而他恰恰是爱德蒙·唐太斯真正意义上的仇人。

然而爱德蒙·唐太斯与海黛的爱，帮助他找回自己，走出复仇的怪圈。

亚历山大仲马给了爱情一个全新的诠释。

【关键词】爱情；《基督山伯爵》；复仇

Abstract

摘要

1.Introduction

2.Context

2.1Plotoverview

2.2Contextontheauthor

2.3TheoriginofthestoryofTheCountofMonteCristo

3.Introductionofthelovers’relationship

4.Thedevastationoflove

4.1Love–thelaststrawofrevenge

4.2Therevengeoflove

5.Thesalvationoflove

6.Conclusion

7.Bibliography

1.Introduction

ThenameofAlexandreDumasissynonymouswithromanceandadventure.InJune1844hewroteTheCountofMonteCristo,hismostenduringnovel.Ithasnotonlydelightedgenerationsofreadersbutmadehistoryexciting.Itisagreatpitythatsofarwehavedonelittleresearchonthisbook.ThispapercentersontheresearchinthefieldofloveinTheCountofMonteCristo.[1]

Loveisaforeverthemeineveryformofliterature.AlexandreDumashasnoexceptionsinceheissucharomanticperson.ButAlexandreDumashasgivenanewannotationtolove.InhisnovelTheCountofMonteCristo,loveplaystwodifferentroles----akillerandasaver.

2.Context

2.1Plotoverview

Attheageofnineteen,EdmondDantesseemstohavetheperfectlife.Heisabouttobecomethecaptainofaship;Heisengagedtoabeautifulandkindyoungwoman,Mercedes;Andheiswelllikedbyalmosteveryonewhoknowshim.Thisperfectlife,however,stirsupdangerousjealousyamongsomeofDantes’so-calledfriends.Danglars,thetreasurerofDantesship,enviesDantes’earlycareersuccess;MondegoMondegoisinlovewithDantes’fianceeandsocovetshisamoroussuccess;HisneighborCaderousseissimplyenviousthatDantesissomuchluckierinlifethanheis.

Together,thesethreemendraftaletteraccusingDantesoftreason.Thereissometruthtotheiraccusations:

Asafavortohisrecentlydeceasedcaptain,DantesiscarryingaletterfromNapoleontoagroupofBonapartistsympathizersinParis.ThoughDanteshimselfhasnopoliticalleanings,theundertakingisenoughtoimplicatehimfortreason.Onthedayofhiswedding,Dantesisarrestedforhisallegedcrimes.

Thedeputypublicprosecutor,Villefort,seesthroughtheplottoframeDantesandispreparedtosethimfree.Atthelastmoment,though,DantesjeopardizeshisfreedombyrevealingthenameofthemantowhomheissupposedtodeliverNapoleon’sletter.Theman,Noirtier,isVillefort’sfather.Terrifiedthatanypublicknowledgeofhisfather’streasonousactivitieswillthwarthisownambitions,VillefortdecidestosendDantestoprisonforlife.DespitetheentreatiesofMonsieurMorrel,Dantes’kindandhonestboss,DantesissenttotheinfamousChâteaud’If,wherethemostdangerouspoliticalprisonersarekept.

Whileinprison,DantesmeetsAbbeFaria,anItalianpriestandintellectual,whohasbeenjailedforhispoliticalviews.FariateachesDanteshistory,science,philosophy,andlanguages,turninghimintoawell-educatedman.FariaalsobequeathsDantesalargetreasurehiddenontheislandofMonteCristo,andhetellshimhowtofinditshouldheeverescape.WhenFariadies,Danteshideshimselfintheabbe’sshroud,thinkingthathewillbeburiedandthendighiswayout.Instead,Dantesisthrownintothesea,andisabletocuthimselflooseandswimtofreedom.

DantestravelstoMonteCristoandfindsFaria’senormoustreasure.HeconsidershisfortuneagiftfromGod,giventohimforthesolepurposeofrewardingthosewhohavetriedtohelphimand,moreimportant,punishingthosewhohavehurthim.DisguisinghimselfasanItalianpriestwhoanswerstothenameofAbbeBusoni,hetravelsbacktoMarseillesandvisitsCaderousse,whoisnowstrugglingtomakealivingasaninnkeeper.FromCaderoussehelearnsthedetailsoftheplottoframehim.Inaddition,DanteslearnsthathisfatherhasdiedofgriefinhisabsenceandthatMercedeshasmarriedMondego.Mostfrustrating,helearnsthatbothDanglarsandMondegohavebecomerichandpowerfulandarelivinghappilyinParis.Asarewardforthisinformation,andforCaderousse’sapparentregretovertheparthehasplayedinDantes’downfall,DantesgivesCaderousseavaluablediamond.BeforeleavingMarseilles,DantesanonymouslysavesMorrelfromfinancialruin.

Tenyearslater,DantesemergesinRome,callinghimselftheCountofMonteCristo.Heseemstobeallknowingandunstoppable.InRomeDantesingratiateshimselfwithAlbertdeMorcerf,sonofMondegoandMercedes,bysavinghimfrombandits.Inreturnforthefavor,AlbertintroducesDantestoParisiansociety.NoneofhisoldcohortsrecognizethemysteriouscountasEdmondDantes,thoughMercedesdoes.DantesisthusabletoinsinuatehimselfeffortlesslyintothelivesofDanglars,Mondego,andVillefort.Armedwithdamningknowledgeabouteachofthemthathehasgatheredoverthepastdecade,Dantessetsanelaborateschemeofrevengeintomotion.Mondego,nowknownastheCountdeMorcerf,isthefirsttobepunished.DantesexposesMorcerf’sdarkestsecret:

Morcerfmadehisfortunebybetrayinghisformerpatron,theGreekvizierAliPacha.HethensoldAliPacha’swifeanddaughterintoslavery.AliPacha’sdaughter,Haydee,whohaslivedwithDanteseversinceheboughtherfreedomsevenyearsearlier,testifiesagainstMorcerfinfrontofthesenate,irreversiblyruininghisgoodname.AshamedbyMorcerf’streachery,AlbertandMercedesflee,leavingtheirtaintedfortunebehind.Morcerfcommitssuicide.

Villefort’spunishmentcomesslowlyandinseveralstages.DantesfirsttakesadvantageofMadamedeVillefort’smurderousintent,subtlytutoringherintheuseofpoison.AsMadamedeVillefortwreaksherhavoc,killingoffeachmemberofthehouseholdinturn,Dantesplantstheseedsforyetanotherpublicexpose.Incourt,itisrevealedthatVillefortisguiltyofattemptedinfanticide,ashetriedtoburyhisillegitimatebabywhileitwasstillalive.Believingthateveryonehelovesisdeadandknowingthathewillsoonhavetoanswerseverecriminalcharges,Villefortgoesinsane.

ForhisrevengeonDanglars,Dantessimplyplaysuponhisgreed.HeopensvariousfalsecreditaccountswithDanglarsthatcosthimvastamountsofmoney.HealsomanipulatesDanglars’unfaithfulanddishonestwife,costingDanglarsmoremoney,andhelpsDanglars’daughter,Eugenie,runawaywithherfemalecompanion.Finally,whenDanglarsisnearlybrokeandabouttofleewithoutpayinganyofhiscreditors,DanteshastheItalianbanditLuigiVampakidnaphimandrelievehimofhisremainingmoney.DantessparesDanglars’life,butleaveshimpenniless.

Meanwhile,astheseactsofvengeanceplayout,Dantesalsotriestocompleteonemoreactofgoodness.DanteswishestohelpthebraveandhonorableMaximilianMorrel,thesonofthekindshipowner,sohehatchesanelaborateplottosaveMaximilian’sfiancee,ValentineVillefort,fromhermurderousstepmother,toensurethatthecouplewillbetrulyhappyforever.DantesgivesValentineapillthatmakesherappeardeadandthencarriesherofftotheislandofMonteCristo.ForamonthDantesallowsMaximiliantobelievethatValentineisdead,whichcausesMaximiliantolongfordeathhimself.DantesthenrevealsthatValentineisalive.Havingknownthedepthsofdespair,Maximilianisnowabletoexperiencetheheightsofecstasy.Dantestooultimatelyfindshappiness,whenheallowshimselftofallinlovewiththeadoringandbeautifulHaydee.[2]

2.2Contextontheauthor

AlexandreDumaswasbornin1802inthevillageofVillers-Cotterêts,fiftymilesnortheastofParis.TheyoungerDumaswasnotagoodstudent,buthehadexcellenthandwriting.[3]WhenhemovedtoParisin1823,hopingtomakehisfortuneasanauthor,hislovelyhandwritingearnedhimajobasaminorclerk.Dumasspentsixyearsasaclerk,duringwhichtimehewroteplays,conductedtorridloveaffairs,andlivedbeyondhismeansuntilin1829,whenhehadhisfirstdramaticsuccesswithHenryIIIandHisCourt.

LikehisRomanticcolleagues,Dumasbelievedintheprinciplesofsocialequalityandindividualrights.[4]Hetriedtoinfusehisdramaticworkswiththeseprinciples.Dumaswentfurtherthanwritingabouthisbeliefs,however.HetookanactiveroleintheRevolutionof1830,helpingtocaptureapowdermagazineatSoissons,andhewasappointedorganizeroftheNationalGuardatVendee.Encounteringstronglocalopposition,Dumasgaveuptheposition,refusingtoactagainstthewishesofthemajority.

ReturningtotheliterarycommunityofParis,Dumascontinuedtowritepopularplays,stickingtohistoricalworksthathefilledwithmelodrama.Healsobegantowritetravelliterature,whichledtoawalkingtourofsouthernFrancein1834[5]（atourthathewouldlaterputtouseinTheCountofMonteCristo）.Inthelate1830s,Dumasbeganwritingnovels,asmuchforfinancialgainasforartisticreasons.Atthattime,itwascommonforcheapnewspaperstorunnovelsinserialf