常用生物学专业英语词汇.docx
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常用生物学专业英语词汇
常用生物学专业英语词汇
Aabdomen腹部abdominal腹部的abiotic非生物的abnormal反常的,变态的abscisic脱落酸abscission脱落absorb吸收(水.热.光等)
absorptionspectrum吸收光谱,吸收谱absorption吸收作用abut连接accelerate加速,加快acceptable可接受的acceptor受体acetate醋酸盐;醋酸根acetone丙酮acetyl乙酰基acorn橡树子acquire[okwaio)uJ.获得,取得.actin肌动蛋白actinomycinD放线菌素Dactivation活化;激活activationenergy活化能activesite活性中心active主动的;活性的adapt使适应,改编适应adaptin衔接蛋白adaptiveradiation适应辐射adenine腺嘌呤adenosine腺嘌呤核苷adenosyl腺苷的adenovirus腺病毒adheringjunctings粘着连接adhesion粘着;附着adipose脂肪多的adjacent毗邻的adjust调节,调整;校正admit让……进入adolescent青少年adrenal肾上腺的,肾上腺adulthood成年affinity亲和;吸引agar琼脂,洋菜agarose琼脂糖agency媒介agent剂aggregate聚合体Agrobacteriumtumefaciens根癌农杆菌airborne空气传播的alanine丙氨酸albino白化体albumin白蛋白,清蛋白aldosterone醛固酮,醛甾酮allcviate减轻;缓和allelc等位基因allele等位基因突变遗传因子allostericmodification别构修饰allosteric别构的aloft向上Alzheimer’sdisease阿尔茨海默氏病amino氨基的~acid氨基酸aminocyclopropylcarboxylic氨基环丙烷羧酸aminopeptidase氨基肽酶amnion羊膜amoeboid阿米巴样的hibian两栖动物hipathic两亲的两性的hiploid双倍体lify扩增amylase淀粉酶anaerobic厌氧的anal肛门的,臀的analogous机能相似的,同功的analysis分析,分解analyze分析anaphase(细胞分裂的)后期anaphase-promotingplex,APC促后期复合物anarogen雄激素anatomy解剖学ancestor祖先ancient古老(的生物)
古老的anemia贫血(症)
局部缺血angiosperm被子植物anionic阴离子的antagonistic对抗性的antagonize对抗;中和antennae触角anterior前的anther花药anticodon反密码子antidiuretiC抗利尿的抗利尿anus肛门anus肛门aorta主动脉apex(复)apices顶,顶点apparatus体;器官;装置appendicitis阑尾炎appendix阑尾appetlte食欲,胃口appreciable可估计的appropriate适当的approximately近似地,大约archaebacteria古细菌archaic古代的arterial动脉的arteriole小动脉artery动脉arthritis关节炎artificialchromosome人工染色体aspartic天冬氨酸astrocyte星形(神经胶质),细胞asymmetric不对称的atmosphere大气层,大气圈atrium心房autocatalytic自动催化的autonomicneuron自主神经元autonomouslyreplicatingsequenceARS自主复制起序列autophagy自噬作用axon轴突axoplasm轴浆Bbacillus杆菌bacteria细菌bacterialartificialchromosome,BAC细菌人工染色体bacteriophage噬菌体bacterium细菌basalcellcarcinoma基层细胞癌base碱基basementmembrane基膜bicarbonate碳酸氢盐bilateralsymmetry两侧对称bilayer双层binal双重的,两倍的,孪生的binding结合位点binomial双名的biochemical生物化学的biogeography生物地理学biology生物学biotechnology生物技术biotic生物的bipedal两足动物的bipolar双极的blastocoele囊胚腔blastoderm胚盘blastomere卵裂球blastula囊胚blister水疱,疱bloodpressure血压blood-clotting凝血boron硼botanist植物学家botanist植物学家boulder巨砾,圆石bounce跳起breeze微风bryophytes苔藓类植物bud芽buffer缓冲,缓冲剂bulb鳞茎bulky泡状bumble犯大错bump碰,撞bundle维管束bunting巫鸟buoyancy浮力buoyant有浮力的butanol丁醇Ccaecilian无足类caffeine咖啡因cambium形成层Cambrian寒武纪cancerous癌的capillarybed毛细血管床capillary毛细血管capsid(病毒)衣壳carbohydrate碳水化合物,糖类carbonate碳酸盐carboxy羧基carboxylation羧化作用carboxypeptidase羧肽酶carcinogen致癌剂carcinoma癌cardiovascular心血管的carotenoid类胡萝卜素carotid颈动脉的carpel心皮catalyze催化catecholamine儿茶酚胺cateract白内障cellsecretion细胞分泌cellwall细胞壁cellulose纤维素,植物纤维物质Cenozoic新生代centiped少足类centraldogma中心法则centralvacuole中央液泡centrifuge离心机centriole中心粒centromere着丝粒,着丝点centromericsequenceCEN着丝粒序列cephalization头部形成cerebellum小脑cerebral大脑的chion拥护者channel通道,管道chemotaxis趋化性chlorine氯,氯气chlorofluorocarbon含氯氟烃chlorophyll叶绿素chlorophyllase叶绿素酶chloroplast叶绿体chloroquine氯奎choke窒息,噎cholesterol胆固醇chordate脊索动物chorion绒毛膜chromatid染色单体chromatin染色质chromatography层析chromosome染色体chylomicron乳糜小滴chyme食糜chymotripisn糜蛋白酶chysophyte金藻chytrids壶菌cicada蝉ciliated具纤毛的Ciliophora纤毛门circadian全天的circulate循环,环流circumstance环境cis-actingelement顺式作用元件cis-Golgiwork,CGN高尔基内侧网络cistron顺反子citric柠檬的clathrin-coatedvesicle披网格蛋白小泡cleavage卵裂,细胞分裂cleave分开clone克隆,无性系clot凝块cloverleaf三叶草clubfungi珊瑚菌担子菌(Basidiomycetes)
coccus球菌coccyx尾骶骨的尾骨code密码coelom体腔coenzyme辅酶coexist共存coherent粘着的,连贯的coil卷,盘绕coincidence巧合coleoptile胚芽鞘collagen骨胶原,成胶质collateral侧支collenchyma厚角组织mensalisms共栖,共生petitiveinhibitor竞争性抵制剂plementary互补的,补充的concentration浓度connectivetissue结缔组织constitutiveenzyme组成酶Constitutivesecretorypathway组成型分泌途径contaminant沾染物contour轮廓,外形contractile可收缩的contraction收缩convulsion惊厥coolant冷却剂COPIIcoatedvesiclesCOPII被膜小泡COPIcoatedvesiclesCOPI被膜小泡copulate交配cord索cork皮层,木栓cornea角膜cortex皮质corticosteroid皮质甾类cortisol肾上腺皮质索cotyledon子叶cotyledonary子叶的counterpart副本,复本covalence共价covalentbond共价键covalent共价covering覆盖cranialnerves脑神经cranial脑的crawl蠕动creature生物crenate圆齿状的crest达到顶点cretaceous白垩纪的crevice裂缝crispnsee脆,鲜嫩cristae嵴(拉)
crossingover遗传物质的交换cross-linked交联的crustacea浮游甲壳动物crustacean甲壳动物crystalline结晶的culture培养,栽培cushione缓冲缓和cuticle表皮,角质层cutin角质cyanobacteria蓝细菌cyclin细胞周期蛋白cyclin-dependentproteinkinases,CDK细胞周期依赖性蛋白激酶cytochrome细胞色素cytokinin细胞分裂素cytomembranesysteme膜系统cytoplasm细胞质cytosine胞嘧啶cytoskeleton细胞骨架cytosol胞液,细胞溶质Ddaughterchromosome子染色体debris碎片decipher破译deposer分解者degenerate变性degrade使降解deletion染色体的缺失denaturation变性dendrite树突deoxyribonucleicacid脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic脱氧核糖核酸的deoxyribose脱氧核糖deposition沉积作用deprive剥夺deprive夺去derevative衍生物desensitization脱敏现象,减感作用detergent去垢剂deuterostome后口动物development发育,发展dextran葡聚糖dialysis透析,渗析diaphragm横隔膜diastolic心脏舒张的diatom硅藻differentialcentrifugation差速离心differentiation分化diffraction衍射diffusion扩散,渗滤digestivetract消化道dihybrid双因子杂种dilute稀释dimensional维,度,元dimer二聚体dioxide二氧化物dip浸,蘸dipeptide二肽diploid二倍体的distort变形,扭曲distortion畸变,变形,失真divergence分歧diversevesicle消化泡diversity多样性,差异Dockingprotein,DP停泊蛋白dodecyl二烷基dominant显性的,显性性状donor供体dormant休眠的dorsal背面的dorsalrootganglion背根神经节dorsal背部的doublehelix双螺旋duodenum二指肠duplicate复制dynamic动力学的,动态的dyneins动力蛋白dysentery痢疾Eearlobe耳垂earthworm蚯蚓echinoderm棘皮动物ecological生态学的ecosystem生态系统ectoderm外胚层ectotherm冷血动物edoplasmicreticulum内质网effector效应器efferent传出的egg蛋,卵egg-layingmammals卵生哺乳动物egret白鹭,冠毛eject排斥,逐出elaborate精细制作的,复杂的elasticconnectivetissue弹力结缔组织elastin弹性蛋白electron电子electrophoresis电泳embryo胚,胚胎embryogenesis胚胎发生embryology胚胎学embryonic胚胎的emulsion乳状液encephalitis脑炎encode编码endocrine内分泌endocytic细胞内吞作用endocytosis胞吞作用endoderm内胚层endomembranesystems内膜系统endoplasmic内质的endoplasmicreticulum内质网endosome内体endosperm胚乳endosymbiosis内共生endothelial内皮的endotherm热血动物enucleate去….的核envelope包膜,包被enzyme酶ependyma室管膜epinasty偏上性epinephrine肾上腺素epiphyte附生植物epithelial上皮的epithelium上皮ergotism麦角中毒ERretentionsignal内质网驻留信号erythrocyte红细胞,红血球esophagus大肠杆菌estrogen雌激素ethical伦理的,道德的ethology个体生态学ethyl乙基ethylene乙烯eubacteria真细菌euchromatin常染色质eugenic优生学的euglenophyte裸藻eukaryotic真核生物的evolution进化,进展excitation兴奋,激动excitedstate激发态exclude排斥,排除在外excrete排泄excretory排泄器官exergonic放能的exocrine外分泌的exocytosis胞吐作用exogenous外生的,外源的exonexotron外显子exoskeleton外骨骼exportin输出蛋白external外部的extinction灭绝extracellular细胞外的extractv.抽提extraembryonic胚胎外的extrafloral花外的extrinsic外部的,外表的Ffacilitate促进facilitatedtransport易化运输,促进运输fat脂肪feedback反馈fermentation发酵ferredoxin铁氧化还原蛋白fertilization受精,施肥fibroblast成纤维细胞filament花丝,丝状物filtration过滤作用fin鳍finch雀科鸣禽类fine-tune微调fingerprinting指纹印fission分裂生殖flagellated具鞭毛的fluff绒毛fluidity流动性foraminiferan有孔虫forearm前臂foreleg前足fossil化石的frequency频率,次数fruitfly果蝇function功能,作用fungi真菌fur软毛fusion融合,融合体Ggalactose半乳糖galactosidase半乳糖苷酶galactoside半乳糖苷gall瘿,五倍子gallbladder胆囊gametangia配囊gamete配子gametogenesis配子发生gametophyte配子体ganglion神经节gapjunctions间隙连接gasatropod腹足类gaseous气体的,气态的gastrin促胃液素gastrointestinal胃肠的gastrula原肠胚gastrulation原肠形成gel凝胶geneexpression基因表达geneflow基因流动genetering基因损伤genetherapy基因(治)疗法gene基因generalization概括generation代,世代,生殖generativenucleus生殖核generative生殖的geic遗传学的geiccode遗传密码geicdrift遗传漂变geicengineering遗传工程geicist遗传学家genital生殖的genome基因组genotype基因型genus属,类geotaxis趋地性germlayer胚层germ微生物,细菌,病菌germinate发芽,使发芽gibberellin赤霉素gill鳃ginkgos银杏girdle带girth围绕given特定的,假设的glacial冰的gland腺glide滑动globular球状的globule小球glucagons胰高血糖素glucose葡萄糖glue胶glycogen糖原glycol乙二醇glycolipid糖脂glycolysis糖酵解作用glycoprotein糖蛋白Golgibody高尔基体Golgiplex高尔基复合体gonad性腺,生殖腺gonadotropin促性腺激素gradient梯度,陡度Gramstain革兰氏染液gram-negative革兰氏阴性gram-positive革兰氏阳性gravitational地心吸力的gravitropic向地性的graymatter灰质guanine鸟嘌呤gullet口腔(胞咽)
gut肠,内脏gymnomyccte裸细菌gymnosperm裸子植物Hhabitat自然繁殖地hagfish八目鳗hallmark标志,特点hallucinate使产生幻觉halophyte盐土植物haploid单倍体hardy-weinbergformula哈代-维伯格公式hare野兔Haversiancanal哈氏管helical螺旋形的heliozoan太阳虫helix螺旋hemicellulose半纤维素hemoglobin血红蛋白hemorrhage出血hemorrhoid痔hepatic肝脏的hereditary遗传hereditary遗传的heritable可遗传的heritable可遗传的,被遗传的hermaphrodite雌雄同体heron苍鹭herpes泡疹heterochromatin异染色质heterocyst异形囊胞heterokaryon异核体,混核体heterotherm变温动物heterotrophic异养的heterozygote杂合体heterozygous杂合的hexose已糖hierarchy等级hillock丘hindlimb后肢hinge随….而定histamine组织胺histopatibility组织相容性histone组蛋白homeostasis体内稳态Homo人(学名)
homogenizer匀浆器homologous同源的homozygote纯合体homozygous纯合的hormone激素horrify使恐怖horticulture园艺学hybrid杂种hybridization杂交hybridize杂交hydra水螅hydrochloric盐酸hydrophilic亲水的hydrophobic疏水的hypertonic高渗的hyphae菌丝hypocotyl下胚轴hypothalamus下丘脑hypothesis假设hypotonic低渗的Iicosahedral二面体的identical完全相同的,同一的immune免疫的immunoglobulin免疫球蛋白immunology免疫学imperfectfungi半知菌importin输入蛋白impulse冲动,刺激indole吲哚induce诱导induced-fitmodel诱导契合模式inducer诱导物inducibleenzyme诱导酶infect传染,感染inflammation炎症inflate充气,膨胀infrared红外线inherent天然的,固有的inheritance遗传initiator超始密码子,起始区innard内脏内部结构inner内部的,内部,里面innervate使神经分布,使神经支配instruction指令,信息insulation绝缘insulin胰岛素integrate整合integrity完整,完全integument珠被interbreed种间杂交intercalateddisk闰盘in