最新高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解选练2.docx
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最新高考英语二轮复习阅读理解选练2
——教学资料参考参考范本——
【2019最新】高考英语二轮复习阅读理解选练2
______年______月______日
____________________部门
阅读下列四篇短文,从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Asksomeonewhattheyhavedonetohelptheenvironmentrecentlyandtheywillalmostcertainlymentionrecycling.Recyclinginthehomeisveryimportantofcourse.However,beingforcedtorecycleoftenmeanswealreadyhavemorematerialthanweneed.Wearedealingwiththeresultsofthatover-consumptioninthegreenestwaypossible,butitwouldbefarbetterifwedidnotneedtobringsomuchmaterialhomeinthefirstplace.
Thetotalamountofpackagingincreasedby12%between19xxand20xx.Itnowmakesupathirdofatypicalhousehold’swasteintheUK.Inmanysupermarketsnowadaysfooditemsarepackagedtwicewithplasticandcardboard.
Toomuchpackagingisdoingseriousdamagetotheenvironment.TheUK,forexample,isrunningoutofareasforburyingthisunnecessarywaste.Ifsuchpackagingisburnt,itgivesoffgreenhousegaseswhichgoontocausethegreenhouseeffect.Recyclinghelps,buttheprocessitselfusesenergy.Thesolutionisnottoproducesuchitemsinthefirstplace.Foodwasteisaseriousproblem,too.Toomanysupermarketsencouragecustomerstobuymorethantheyneed.However,afewofthemarecomingroundtotheideathatthiscannotcontinue,encouragingcustomerstoreusetheirplasticbags,forexample.
Butthisisnotjustaboutsupermarkets.Itisaboutallofus.Wehavelearnedtoassociatepackagingwithquality.Wehavelearnedtothinkthatsomethingunpackagedisofpoorquality.Thisisespeciallytrueoffood.Butitalsoappliestoawiderangeofconsumerproducts,whichoftenhavefarmorepackagingthannecessary.
Therearesignsofhope.Asmoreofusrecycle,wearebeginningtorealisejusthowmuchunnecessarymaterialwearecollecting.Weneedtofacethewastefulnessofourconsumerculture,butwehaveamountaintoclimb.
1.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thatover-consumption”referto?
A.Usingtoomuchpackaging.B.Recyclingtoomanywastes.
C.Makingmoreproductsthannecessary. D.Havingmorematerialthanisneeded.
2.TheauthorusesfiguresinParagraph2toshow .
A.thetendencyofcuttinghouseholdwaste B.theincreaseofpackagingrecycling
C.therapidgrowthofsupermarkets D.thefactofpackagingoveruse
3.Accordingtothetext,recycling .
A.helpscontrolthegreenhouseeffect B.meansburningpackagingforenergy
C.isthesolutiontogasshortage D.leadstoawasteofland
4.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?
A.Unpackagedproductsareofbadquality.
B.Supermarketscaremoreaboutpackaging.
C.Itisimpropertojudgequalitybypackaging.
D.Otherproductsarebetterpackagedthanfood.
5.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?
A.Fightingwastefulnessisdifficult.
B.Needlessmaterialismostlyrecycled.
C.Peoplelikecollectingrecyclablewastes.
D.Theauthorisproudoftheirconsumerculture.
【参考答案】1-5DDACA
A
Atonetimeitwasthedreamformanylittlegirlstobecomeanurse.Today,however,AmericaisfacingitsworstnurseshortagesinceWorldWarI.Recentlyabout2,000,000nursesareneededand60percentofallhospitalsintheUShaveshortageslargeenoughtothreaten(=saythatyouwillhurtsomebodyiftheydon'tdowhatyouwant)thequalityofcareprovided.Thedemandfornursesspreadswidelythroughoutthenursingfield.
Whathasbecomeofthesewomeninwhite?
Theanswerliesinnotonebutseveralcauses. Onepossibilityisthefactthatwomanhavegreatercareeroptions(职业选择).Inthepast,womenwhochosetoworkoutsidethehomehadtwobasicchoicesnursingorteaching.Today,morewomenthaneverareintheworkforce,buttheiroptionshavegreatlyincreased.Therearewomendoctors,lawyers,firefightersandpoliceofficers.Infact,womentodayarefoundinnearlyeveryfieldofwork.Nursinghasbeenleftbehind,aswomenmoveontojobswithhigherpayandgreaterstatus(地位).Awomanormaninthenursingfieldisoftenlookeddownuponas“merelyanurse”.Teachersmaybealsoatfault.Manyhighschoolstudentsareactuallybeingsteered(劝导)awayfromnursing,toldbyteachersthattheyare“toobrighttobeanurse”.
Americansarelivinglongerthaneverandrequiringmoremedicalattention.Infact,thenumberofelderlypatientshasalmostdoubledinthepasttwentyyears.Obviouslyalargerpopulationrequiresmorenurses.AIDSandotherdiseaseshavecausedmoreandmorepeopletoneednursingcare.Usuallyfataldiseasesmeanlongdrawn-outhospitalstay,thatistosay,morenursesareneededtocareforthesepatients.Itisestimatedthatthedemandfornurseswillbedoubledthesupplyinthecomingtenyears.
21.WhyisAmericafacingitsworstnurseshortage?
A.Becausethedemandofnurseshasbeendoubled.
B.Becausemoreandmorewomenprefertobeteachersanddoctors.
C.Becausewomenhavebeenprovidedwithmanydifferentjobs.
D.Becausewomennolongerchoosetobenurses.
22.Thepassagetellsusthathighschoolteachersareatfaultfor________.
A.notmentioningtheworstnurseshortageintheUS
B.introducingjobswithhigherpayandgreaterstatustotheirstudents
C.notaskingthegovernmenttoraisethenurses’payment
D.persuadingthestudentsnottobenurses
23.Theauthorwrotethispassageinorderto________.
A.describetheunequaltreatmentofwomenintheUS
B.warnpeopletopaymoreattentiontothenursingproblem
C.telluswomen’sfreechoiceofjobstoday
D.callonwomennottobenurses
24.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?
A.highschoolstudentsthinkthemselvestoobrighttobenurses.
B.WomenintheUShavegreatercareerchoicethanthoseinothercountries.
C.Ofallthehospitalsintheworld60percentmorenursesarebadlyneeded.
D.Nursingusedtobeapopularjobamongwomen.
参考答案21—24CDBD
B
Onethinksofprincesandpresidentsassomeofthemostpowerfulpeopleintheworld;however,governments,electedorotherwise,sometimeshavehadtostrugglewiththefinancialpowerhousescalledtycoons.ThewordtycoonisrelativelynewtotheEnglishlanguage.ItisChineseinoriginbutwasgivenasatitletosomeJapanesegenerals.ThetermwasbroughttotheUnitedStates,inthelatenineteenthcentury,whereiteventuallywasusedtorefertomagnateswhoacquiredimmensefortunesfromsugarandcattle,coalandoil,rubberandsteel,andrailroads.Somepeoplecalledthesetycoons“capitalsofindustry”andpraisedthemfortheircontributionstoU.S.wealthandinternationalreputation.Otherscriticizedthemascruel“robberbarons”,whowouldstopatnothinginpursuitofpersonalwealth.
Theearlytycoonsbuiltsuccessfulbusinesses,oftentakingoversmallercompaniestoeliminatecompetition.Asinglecompanythatcametocontrolanentiremarketwascalledamonopoly.Monopoliesmadeafewfamiliesverywealthy,buttheyalsoplacedaheavyfinancialburdenonconsumersandtheeconomyatlarge.
AsthecountryexpandedandrailroadslinkedtheEastCoasttotheWestCoast,localmonopoliesturnedintonationalcorporationscalledtrusts.Atrustisagroupofcompaniesthatjointogetherunderthecontrolofaboardoftrustees.Railroadtrustsareanexcellentexample.Railroadswereprivatelyownedandoperatedandoftenmonopolizedvariousroutes,settingratesashighastheydesired.Thefinancialburdenthisplacedonpassengersandbusinessesincreasedwhenrailroadsformedtrusts.Farmers,forexample,hadnochoicebuttopay,asrailroadsweretheonlymeanstheycouldusetogettheirgraintobuyers.Exorbitant(过高的)goodsratesputsomefarmersoutofbusiness.
Therewereevenaccusationsthatthetrustscontrolledgovernmentitselfbybuyingvotesandmanipulatingelectedofficials.In1890CongresspassedtheShermanAntitrust.Act,legislationaimedatbreakingthepowerofsuchtrusts.TheShermanAntitrustActfocusedontwomainissues.Firstofall,itmadeillegalanyefforttointerferewiththenormalconductofinterstatetrade.Italsomadeitillegaltomonopolizeanypartofbusinessthatoperatesacrossstatelines.
Overthenext60yearsorso,Congresspassedotherantitrustlawsinanefforttoencouragecompetitionandrestrictthepoweroflargercorporations.
25.TheShermanAntitrustAct_______________.
A.affectedonlythecompaniesdoingbusinesswithinstatelines
B.soughttoeliminatemonopoliesinfavorofcompetitioninthemarket-place
C.promotedtradewithalargenumberofnations
D.providesafinancialadvantagetothebuyer
26.Onemightinferfromthispassagethatlowerprices_________.
A.aremorelikelytoexistinacompetitivemarketeconomy
B.usuallycanbefoundonlyinaneconomybasedonmonopolies
C.matteronlytopeoplewhoarepoorandlivingbelowthepovertylevel
D.areregulatedbythegovernment
27.ItseemslikelythatmanyAmericans____________.
A.believedthatthetrustshadlittleinfluenceovergovernment
B.expectedthewealthymagnatestosharemoneywiththepoor
C.didlittletobuildupAmericanbusiness
D.wereworriedthattrustsmightmanipulatethegovernment
参考答案25、B26—27、AD
C
AtonetimenoonecouldtravelonanEnglishroadfasterthanfourmilesanhour.Thatwasthelawuntil1896.Amanhadtowalkinfrontofacarwhichcouldnotgofasterthantheman.Atnightthemanhadtocarryaredlamp.
OnceCharlesRollsbroughtacarfromFrancetoEngland,buthewantedtodrivefasterthanfourmilesanhour.Inordertohavenotroublewiththepolice,hehadatalkwithsomeofthepoliceofficers,whoorderedtheirpolicementolooktheotherwaywhentheca