初中英语倒装句综合讲解.docx
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初中英语倒装句综合讲解
初中英语倒装句
英语句子通常有两种语序:
一种主语在前,谓语在后,称为自然语序,另一种谓语在前,主语在后,称为倒装语序,按“主语+谓语”这种顺序排列的句子是陈述语序。
如果排列顺序变为“谓语(或谓语一部分)+主语”,就是倒装。
之所以出现倒装,一方面是因为语法结构的需要,另一方面为了强调,有时两种原因兼有之。
倒装句分为部分倒装和全部倒装。
以下就分别讲述这两种倒装的用法。
如果遇到一句,不知道使用全部倒装还是部分倒装的话,我们主要主要看其标志性的词语。
一、部分倒装
就是把谓语中的be动词、助动词或情态动词置于主语前面。
常见于下列几种情况:
(一).only所修饰的副词,介词短语或状语从句放在句首时,要用:
only+状语+be/助动词/情态动词+主语及其他
OnlywhenhetoldmethenewsdidIknowwhathadhappened.
OnlyinthiswaycanyoumakeprogressinyourEnglish.
Onlythrougheducationcanweriseintheworld.
注意:
only修饰主语时,不需要倒装。
1.Onlyinthisway________tomakeimprovementintheoperatingsystem.
A.youcanhope B.youdidhope C.canyouhope D.didyouhope
2.Amongallthepeople,onlyyouknowthetruth.
(二).含有否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时。
如:
never,little,seldom,not,notonly,notuntil,nosooner(…than),hardly(…when),rarely,scarcely,innoway等。
Weseldomgetupatfourinthemorning.
=Seldomdowegetupatfourinthemorning.
Notasinglewordfromhimcouldexpresshisfeelings.
RarelyhaveIheardofsuchasillything.
(1)hardly…when;scarcely…when…;nosooner…than…可以用正常语序hadhardlydonewhen…did或用倒装句式Hardlyhad+主语+donewhen…did句式。
hardly所在的句子用过去完成时。
Thebellhardlyhadrungwhentheclassbegan.=Hardlyhadthebellrungwhentheclassbegan.
NosoonerhadhearrivedinBeijingthanhebegantowork.
(2)notonly…butalso如连接两个成分时,不用倒装;连接句子时,前面的句子要用倒装。
Notonlywaseverythingthathehadtakenawayfromhim,butalsohisGermancitizenship.
Notonlyishebusy,butalsoIhavealotofworktodo.
NotonlydoeshespeakEnglishverywell,butalsohespeaksFrenchwell.
1.IfinallygottheworkIdreamedabout.Neverinallmylife________sohappy!
A.didIfeelB.IfeltC.IhadfeltD.hadIfelt
2.NotuntilIbegantowork________howmuchtimeIhadwasted.
A.didn'tIrealize B.didIrealize C.Ididn'trealize D.Irealized
3.Nosooner___thanitbegantorainheavily.
A.thegamebegan B. hasthegamebegun
C.didthegamebegin D. hadthegamebegun
(三).在so…that,such…that句型中,若把so,such引导的结构放在句首时。
Sofrightenedwashethathedidnotdaretomoveaninch.
5.Sodifficult_____ittoliveinanEnglish-speakingcountrythatIwasdeterminedtolearnEnglishwell.
A.I'vefelt BhaveIfelt C.Ididfeel D.didIfeel
(四).省略了if的虚拟条件句中,把were,had或should放在句首时。
IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakethejob.=WereIyou,Iwouldtakethejob.
6.________itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittoYangpuBridge.
A.Were B.Should C.Would D.Will
(五).把副词so放在句首,表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人或物。
IlikereadingEnglish,sodoeshe.
(六).把neither,nor放在句首,表示前面的否定内容也适用于另一个人或物。
Ifyouwon'tgo,neitherwillI.
7.-Idon'tthinkIcanwalkanyfurther.
-________,let'sstophereforarest.
A.NeitherandI B.NeithercanI C.Idon'tthinkso D.Ithinkso
(七)用于形容词/副词/名词/动词+as(though)引导的让步状语从句中。
注意:
当表语为名词时,则名词前不加任何冠词;主谓并不倒装。
Tryhardashewill,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.
Childasheis,heknowsalot.
8.________,Ihaveneverseenanyonewho'sascapableasJohn.
A.AslongasIhavetraveled B.NowthatIhavetraveledsomuch
C.MuchasIhavetraveled D.AsIhavetraveledsomuch
(八).由however,nomatterhow引导的让步状语从句中,把however+形容词/副词,nomatterhow+形容词/副词放在句首时。
9.________,motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.
A.Howeverlateishe B.Howeverheislate
C.Howeverishelate D.Howeverlateheis
5always\often\particularly\manytimes\manyatime放在句首时,句子进行部分倒装。
AlwaysamIamazedwhenI hearpeoplesayingthatcomputerscanreplaceteachers.
二、全部倒装
就是把整个谓语部分放在主语之前。
注意:
谓语动词的数要与后面的主语保持一致。
常见于几种情况:
(一).用于地点副词here,there,方位副词out,in,up,down及时间副词now,then等开头的句子里,以示强调。
Theregoesthebell.
Look!
Heretheycome.
这种倒装要求:
主语必须是名词。
主语是人称代词时,主语和谓语语序不变。
Hereitis.
Awayhewent.
Herewego
这类倒装句式一般只用一般现在时和一般过去时。
Herecomesthebus.
Outrushedtheboys.
(二).当表示地点的介词短语放句首时。
注意:
谓语多为be,lie,sit,stand,come,walk等不及物动词;倒装时不需要助动词。
Underthetablearethreewhitecats.
Infrontofthetowerflewsastream.
10.Underabigtree________,halfasleep.
A.didsatafatman B.afatmansat
C.didafatmansat D.satafatman
(三)there放在句首时,要用倒装句式。
在“there+be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用be,而用表示类似“存在”观念的其他不及物动词。
如:
live,stand,come,lie,flow,enter,rise和appear等。
Therecameshoutsforhelpfromtheriver.
Thereliesalargewheatfieldinfrontofthehouse.
Manyyearsagotherelivedanoldmaninthewoodenhouse.
(四).表语置于句首时,倒装结构为"表语+系动词+主语"。
(1)形容词+系动词+主语
PresentatthemeetingwasMr.Green,aheadmaster.
(2)过去分词+系动词+主语
Hiddenbehindthedoorweresomenaughtychildren.
GoneforeverarethedayswhentheChinesepeoplehadtouseforeignoil.
(3)介词短语+系动词+主语
Infrontoftheplaygroundisanewly-builthouse.
(五).有时由于主语较长,谓语很短,为保持句子平衡,或为了强调表语或状语,或使上下文紧密衔接时。
Theyarrivedatahouse,infrontofwhichsatanoldman.
(六).在一些表示祝愿的句子里。
LonglivetheCommunistPartyofChina!
Mayyouallbehappy.
巩固练习1
1._______andcaughtthemouse.
A.Upthecatjumped B.Thecatupjumped
C.Upjumpedthecat D.Jumpedupthecat
2.______andthelessonbegan.
A.IncameMrBrown B.MrBrownincame
C.Incamehe D.cameinMrBrown
3.Over_______,dead.
A.rollingthegoat B.rolledthegoat
C.didthegoatroll D.thegoatrolled
4.—Whereismyshirt,mum?
—_________.
A.Thereisit B.Thereitis
C.Thereis D.Hereisit
5.—Whereisyourfather?
—Oh,________.
A.herehecomes B.heherecomes
C.heredoeshecome D.herecomeshe
6.Thedooropenedandthere________.
A.entersanoldman B.enteredanoldman
C.didanoldmanenter D.anoldmanentered
7.Now______yourturntorecitethetext.
A.willcome B.comes C.hascome D.thereis
8.Often_____themnottosmokehere.()
A.weadvised B.advisedwe
C.didweadvise D.hadweadvised
9.________playingsoldiers.
A.Insidetheroomweretwoboys
B.Insidetheroomtwoboys
C.Weretwoboysinsidetheroom
D.Insidetheroomwastwoboys
10.Onthewall_______twolargeportraits.
A.arehanging B.hanged C.hang D.hangs
11._______whowaswoundedinthestomach.
A.Amongthemwereasoldier B.Amongthemwasasoldier
C.Amongthemasoldierwas D.Amongtheywasasoldier
12.Nextdoortoours________,whoisnolessthaneighty.
A.thatlivesanoldman B.doesanoldmanlive
C.livesanoldman D.wherelivesanoldman
13.Sheplaysthepianoverywell,______.
A.soeveryoneofusdoes B.everyoneofusdoes
C.sodoeseveryoneofus D.sodoeveryoneofus
14.Yousayheworkshard,______,and_____.
A.sohedoes;soyoudo B.sohedoes;sodoyou
C.sodoeshe;sodoyou D.sodoeshe;soyoudo
15.—Ithoughtyouwomenwerepresentatthemeeting.
—__________.
A.Sowewere B.Sowedid
C.Sowerewe D.Sodidwe
16.Idon’tthinkJackwillcometoday,_____.
A.norwillMary B.andMarydoesn’t
C.Marywilleither D.orMarydoes
17.Sheisfondofcooking,_____I.
A.soam B.noram C.neitherdo D.nordo
18.MarxwasborninGermanyandGermanwashisnativelanguage .
A.SoitwaswithAngles B.SowasitwithAngles
C.SowasAngles D.SodidAngles
19.Afishneedswaterandwithoutwateritwilldie._______.
A.Sodoesaman B.Sowillaman
C.Soitiswithaman D.Soisitwithaman
20.Soabsorbed_______theworkthatsheoftenforgotto_____hermeals.
A.hadshebeenin;do B.shewasin;make
C.wasshein;take D.shehadbeenin;have
21.Soloudly______thateveryoneoftheclasscouldhearhim.
A.didhespeak B.didhespoke
C.spokehe D.hespoke
22.__________hisappearancethatnoonecouldrecognizehim.
A.Strangesowas B.Sostrangewas
C.Wassostrange D.Sowasstrange
23.Notonce______theirplan.
A.didtheychange B.theychanged
C.changedthey D.theydidchange
24.Never______suchawonderfulplaceasHangzhou.
A.areseeing B.hadIseen
C.Ihaveseen D.haveIseen
25.Seldom______TVduringtheday.
A.theywatch B.aretheywatching
C.havetheywatched D.dotheywatch
26.Nowhere______asinmygarden.
A.theflowersweresobeautiful
B.weretheflowerssobeautiful
C.sobeautifulweretheflowers
D.sobeautifultheflowerswere
27.Hardly________hishomeworkwhenhewentout.
A.finishedhe B.hehadfinished
C.didhefinish D.hadhefinished
28.Scarcely_____finishedtheirhomework______Icameintotheclassroom.
A.hadthey;than B.theyhad;when
C.hadthey;when D.didthey;when
29.Notonly_______apromise,butalsohekeptit.
A.hashemade B.doeshemake
C.hemade D.didhemake
30.Notuntilhiscomradescriticizedhim_______toadmithismistake.
A.hadhebegun B.beganhe
C.didhebegin D.doeshebegin
答案 1—5CABBA 6—10BBBDA 11—15BCCBA 16—20AAACC 21—25ABADD 26—30BDCDC
练习2
1.NotuntilIbegantowork____howmuchtimeIhadwasted.
A.didn'tIrealize B.didIrealize C.Ididn'trealize D.Irealized
2.Onlybypracticingafewhourseveryday____beabletomasterthelanguage.
A.youcan B.canyou C.youwill D.willyou
3.Ifyoudon'tgo,neither____.
A.shallI B.doI C.Ido D.Ishall
4.Nosooner____tothestation____thetrainleft.