高考英语一轮复习Unit4Helpingpeoplearoundtheworld牛津译林版选修6.docx

高考英语一轮复习Unit4Helpingpeoplearoundtheworld牛津译林版选修6.docx

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高考英语一轮复习Unit4Helpingpeoplearoundtheworld牛津译林版选修6

Unit4Helpingpeoplearoundtheworld

课时练1　阅读理解提速练

[学生用书P323（单独成册）]

阅读理解

A

（2019·石家庄模拟）FewpeopleareawarethatWaterlooBridge,crossedbythousandsofdailycommuters（通勤者）andcelebratedasaLondonlandmark,wasmainlybuiltbyafemaleworkforce.

Therearenowrittenorphotographicrecordsofthewomenwhobuiltthebridgesincetheconstructioncompanythatbuiltitclosedinthe1980sandwithitwentalltherecords.What’sleftisanecdotalevidence,keptalivebythetouristboatcaptainswhohavecalledittheLadies’Bridge.

DuringtheSecondWorldWar,withthemajorityoftheactivemalelaborforceawayatthefront,womenincreasinglytookontraditionallymaleroles.By1944,25，000womenwereworkingintheconstructionindustry,carryingoutbackbreakingtasks.Thesewomenwerepermittedtocarryoutthisexhaustinganddangerousworkonthebasisthatitwouldonlybetemporaryandthattheirpaywouldbelowerthanthatofmen.Sothetrendinwomenworkinginconstructionandengineeringdidnotcontinueafterthewar.

Septemberseesaseriesofeventscelebratingtheunknownworkofthelargefemaleworkforce.MusicianClaudiaMolitorhascreateda45minutemusicalentitled“theSingingBridge”，whichrunsatSomersetHousefrom9to25September.InlateSeptember,the“LightuptheLadies’Bridge”eventseestheNationalTheatre’sflytowerlitupbylargescalephotographicprojections（投影）offemaleconstructionworkersworkinginconstructionduringWorldWarⅡ.

Let’sallcelebratethewomenwhohavehelpedtobuildthecitiesinwhichwelive.

【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。

介绍了英国滑铁卢桥的历史、建造人及纪念活动等。

1．WhydofewpeopleknowaboutthebuildersofWaterlooBridge?

A．Therecordsoftheirworkhavebeenlost.

B．Femaleworkersreceivedlittleattention.

C．Theconstructiontookplacelongago.

D．Fewpeopleknowaboutthebridge.

A　解析：

细节理解题。

根据第二段的第一句可知，自从20世纪80年代建造该桥的建筑公司倒闭以来，就没有妇女建造该桥的文字或照片记录了，所有的记录随着公司的倒闭都丢失了，故A项正确。

2．WhydidLondonwomendotheconstructionwork?

A．ItwasatraditioninLondon.

B．Theywantedtogetasteadyjob.

C．Thecompanyofferedthembetterpay.

D．Mostmenhadgonetothebattlefield.

D　解析：

细节理解题。

根据第三段的第一句可知，由于二战期间大部分男子都上前线参战了，而妇女便不得不充当起了男子的角色，故D项正确。

3．What’sthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?

A．Theinfluenceofthebridgeonart.

B．Amusician’scontributiontothebridge.

C．Theeventsinhonorofthebridgebuilders.

D．Women’sworkduringtheSecondWorldWar.

C　解析：

段落大意题。

通读第四段可知，该段第一句为该段主题句，该段主要介绍了在九月份举行的一系列纪念建桥者的活动，故C项正确。

4．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A．FemaleWorkersontheRise

B．AHiddenTreasureinLondon

C．ANewLondonLandmark

D．TheStoryBehindtheLadies’Bridge

D　解析：

标题归纳题。

通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了英国滑铁卢桥的历史、建造人及纪念活动等，重点介绍了该桥被称为“女士桥”的原因和其背后的故事，故D项最适合作本文标题。

B

（2019·成都高中毕业班摸底测试）TheScottishcomposerEvelynGlennielostnearlyallherhearingasayounggirl，yetwentontoaverysuccessfulcareerinmusicincludingwinningGrammyawards.Whensomebodyasksher，“Howdoyouhear？

”Sheresponds，“Howdoyouhear？

Isitonlywithyourears？

”ForGlennie，andforustoo，listeningisnotonlyhearing，butisunderstanding.Weneedtolistentowhatissaidandunsaid，andalsohowitissaid.

It’simportanttohearwhatpeoplesayaccurately.AsMarkTwainsaid，“Thedifferencebetweentherightwordandthealmostrightwordisthedifferencebetweenlightningandthelightningbug（萤火虫）．”Ifyoumisssomethingoryou’renotsureyou’veheardaccurately，askthespeakers.Atthispointyou’renotevaluatingwhattheysay，butjustlookingforaccuracyandunderstanding.Herearesomewaystogetclearaboutwhattheysayanddon’tsay.Whyaretheysayingthisnow，insteadofsoonerorlater？

Whyaretheyemphasizingthesepoints，insteadofsomethingelse?

Listentohowitissaid.Peoplesendsignalsaboutwhattheymeanwiththeirvoicesandbodylanguagethatsometimesdifferfromthewordstheysay.Whilegoingthroughthenextpoints，thinkaboutsomeonewhoserealmeaningyoumightsometimesmiss，andseeifanyofthesesignalsmightcomeup.First，voices.Whenothersspeak，noticechangesintheirvolume，pace，andtone.Second，bodylanguage.Noticegestures，eyecontact，andfacialexpressions.Dothesesyncwhattheyaresaying，ordotheytelladifferentstory？

Third，emotions.Whatistheperson’struefeeling？

Nowyoumightnotknowforsure，butbeconsiderate，opentounderstanding，andaskthoughtfulquestions.

【解题导语】　本文讲述了聆听的内涵。

我们要听懂说话人想要表达的言外之意，并且要注意说话方式。

5．What’sthewriter’spurposeofmentioningEvelynGlennie?

A．Togiveanexampleofwisewords.

B．Tointroduceaworldfamousmusician.

C．Tohelpexplainthemeaningoflistening.

D．Toencourageustofightagainstdisability.

C　解析：

推理判断题。

根据第一段中的“ForGlennie，andforustoo，listeningisnotonlyhearing，butisunderstanding.”可知，对于Glennie和“我们”来说，聆听不仅是用耳朵听而且是理解，这里说明了聆听的内涵。

所以选项C正确。

6．WhatcanwelearnfromwhatMarkTwainsaid?

A．ItisimportanttohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglishwords.

B．Peopleshouldknowwordscanbeusedinmanydifferentways.

C．Englishisaverycomplicatedlanguagewithalargevocabulary.

D．Theslightdifferencebetweenwordsmayresultinmisunderstanding.

D　解析：

推理判断题。

根据第二段中的“It’simportanttohearwhatpeoplesayaccurately.”和“Atthispointyou’re...lookingforaccuracyandunderstanding.”可知，准确听懂说话者的意思很重要。

因此，选项D“词语的细微差异可能导致误解。

”与MarkTwain所说的话意思相吻合。

7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sync”probablymean?

A．Match.　　　　　　　B．Prove.

C．Describe.D．Analyze.

A　解析：

词义猜测题。

画线词前的修饰词these指代前一句中的“gestures，eyecontact，andfacialexpressions”；再根据画线词后的“whattheyaresaying，ordotheytelladifferentstory”可推断，match与画线词意思相近。

故选A。

8．Whichisthebesttitleofthispassage?

A．SpeakWhileYouListen

B．ListenBeyondWords

C．ReadBetweenLines

D．ThinkasYouTalk

B　解析：

标题归纳题。

本文主要说明通过观察说话人的说话方式来听懂说话人想表达的言外之意。

所以选B。

C

（2019·广西高三毕业班适应性测试）AlthoughAmericanchildrenstillspendpartoftheirdaysreading,theyarespendinglesstimedoingitforpleasurethanyearsagoaccordingtoarecentreport.

“Itraisesanalarm，”saidVickyRideout,theleadauthorofthereport.“We’rewitnessingareallylargedropinreadingamongteenagersandthespeedofthatdropisgettingfasterandfaster.”

Thereportfoundthatthepercentageofnineyearoldchildrenreadingforpleasureonceormoreperweekhaddroppedfrom81percentin1984to76percentin2015,basedongovernmentstudies.Therewereevenlargerreductionsamongolderchildren.Alargepercentagerarelyreadforpleasure.Aboutathirdof13yearoldsreportedinonestudythattheyreadforpleasurelessthantwiceayear.

Thereportalsofoundthatmanyyoungchildrenarestrugglingwithliteracy（读写能力）．Onlyaboutonethirdoffourthgradestudentsare“proficient（熟练的）”inreadingandanotheronethirdscoredbelow“basic”inreadingskills.

Despitethelargepercentageofchildrenwithbelowbasicreadingskills,readingscoresamongyoungchildrenhaveimprovedsincethe1970s,accordingtoonetestthatmeasuresreadingability.

Thereadingscoresamong17yearolds,however，remainedrelativelyunchangedsincethe1970s.

About46percentofwhitechildrenareconsidered“proficient”inreading,comparedwith18percentofblackchildrenand20percentofHispanic（西班牙的）kids.Thosegapshaveremainedrelativelyunchangedoverthepast20years,accordingtothereport.“Togo20yearswithnoprogressinthatareaisshameful，”Rideoutsaid.

Thereporthighlightssomebehaviorthathasbeentiedtochildrenbeingmorefrequentreaders.Thebehaviorincludesparentssettingasidetimetoreadwiththeirchildrenandparentsreadingthemselvestomodelgoodbehavior.

【解题导语】　调查发现，美国孩子的阅读时间有所减少。

作者建议父母应当多留出时间陪孩子阅读，以及为孩子做好榜样。

9．Wecanknowfromthereportfindingsthat________．

A．thereadingscoresamongolderchildrenhaveimproved

B．thereadingscoresamongyoungchildrenhaven’tchanged　

C．thegapbetweenblackchildrenandwhitechildrenhasnarrowed

D．blackchildrenhavelowerproficiencyinreadingthanwhitechildren

D　解析：

推理判断题。

根据倒数第二段第一句中的“About46percentofwhitechildrenareconsidered‘proficient’inreading，comparedwith18percentofblackchildren”可知，与18%的能熟练阅读的黑人孩子相比，有46%的白人孩子能熟练阅读；据此可以判断，黑人孩子阅读的熟练程度比白人孩子低，故D项正确。

10．What’sVickyRideout’sattitudetowardsthereportfindings?

A．Indifferent.B．Doubtful.

C．Worried.D．Optimistic.

C　解析：

推理判断题。

根据第二段的“Itraisesanalarm”和倒数第二段最后一句中的“Togo20yearswithnoprogressinthatareaisshameful”可推知，Rideout对报告结果感到担心，故C项正确。

11．Whatshouldparentsdotomakechildrenfrequentreaders?

A．Buymorebooksforchildren.

B．Writeasmanybooksaspossible.

C．Setagoodexampletotheirchildren.

D．Spendmoretimeplayingwiththeirchildren.

C　解析：

细节理解题。

根据最后一句“Thebehaviorincludesparentssettingasidetimetoreadwiththeirchildrenandparentsreadingthemselvestomodelgoodbehavior.”可知，父母应花时间陪孩子阅读以及为孩子做好榜样。

故C项正确。

D

（2019·甘肃重点中学高三联考）MaryKrupabecamefriendswiththegreysquirrelsduringherfirstweekatPennState,afterspottingthemrunningaroundandidly（漫不经心地）wonderingwhattheywouldlooklikewithtinyhatsontheirheads.Today,everyoneattheuniversityknowsherasthe“SquirrelGirl”．

Marystartedbringingthemfood,andgraduallytheybegantotrusther.Shemanagedtoputahatonasquirrelandtakeapicture.Thinkingthathercolleaguescoulddowithsomethingtolifttheirspirits,shestartedpostingsimilarphotosonFacebook.Theresponsewasgreatlypositive,andbeforelongMaryandhersquirrelsbecameanInternetsensation．

GrowingupinaneighborhoodoutsideofStateCollege,Marywasalwaysfondofbirdsandanimalsaroundherhome,butshedidn’tinteract（交流）withpeopleverymuch.ShewaslaterdiagnosedwithAsperger’ssyndrome,butthesquirrelschangedthat.“Thesquirrelshelpmebreaktheice,becauseI’llbesittingherepattingasquirrelandotherpeoplewillcomeovera