雅思写作task1高分写作技巧.docx
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雅思写作task1高分写作技巧
雅思写作Task1图表小作文
第一节简介
一．图表简介：
图表分类：
图表通常分为两大类。
一类是数据图，包括曲线图（graph/linechart），柱状图（barchart/columnchart），饼状图（piechart）和表格（table）。
另一类是示意图/流程图（diagram/flowchart）。
目前在雅思考试中主要出现的是数据图。
图表出题频率：
最多柱状图，其次曲线图，再者饼状图，表格。
图表大忌：
切忌发表个人观点和看法，切忌照搬题目、切忌简单罗列数据、避免词汇重复
写作注意事项：
词汇语法：
词汇准确多样，不能重复thosewhoworkin=peopleworkingin=theemployeein
句子：
结构不能太简单，一句话要同时写两个对象的特征。
逻辑：
句子里，句子与句子之间，段与段之间都要使用表示对比，转折，相似的连词或副词。
时态：
第一句使用一般现在时，主体部分大多用一般过去式。
二．图表作文审题
审题包括审读题目要求或说明以及查看图表及其注解。
题目的文字部分一般提供了有关这个图表的最基本信息，如所涉及的背景、研究的对象、时间和地点。
对于图表部分，我们需要仔细考察，查看纵横轴等，找出值得描述的主要规律和特征、关键点（最高，最低值，中间值、相似类的）、总体趋势（overalltrends）和不规则变化（irregularities上升，下降，持平的）。
第二节常用基本句式
开头段
图表类型
动词谓语
三要素：
研究的对象+时间+地点
The
chart
graph
table
diagram
shows
indicates
illustrates
describes
gives
presents
depicts
reveals
thenumber/amount/quantity/percentage/proportionof
informationabout
dataon
that
figures
statistics
主体段
一．描述信息出处
Accordingtothe
Accordingtothenumbershowninthe
Asisshowninthe
Ascanbeseenfromthe
piechart
table/chart
diagram
graph/linechart
figures
+总概括句子
Itcanbeseenfromthe
Welearnfromthe
Wecanseefromthe
Itisclear/apparentfromthe
that+总概括句子
Asthe
shows
indicates
illustrates
describesthat+总概括句子
presents
depicts
reveals
二．动态变化描写
1）上升/下降（用变化动词）
主语
变化动词
变化程度的副词
时间段
导入数据
Thenumberof
Thefigureof
Thepercentageof
Theproportionof
上升/增加
increased
jumped
rose
grew
wentup
climbed
soar
gently
suddenly
rapidly/quickly
dramatically
significantly
sharply/steeply
steadily/stably
smoothly
consistently
continually
gradually/slowly
slightly
maximally
minimally
comparativelyslowly
from…to…,
between…and…,
foronemonth,
foraperiodof,
overthenextmonth,
duringthenextmonth,
overtheperiodfrom.to
overthe25-yearperiod
duringthe25-yearperiod
with…
at…
（）
by
to
from…to…
falling/increasingfrom.to.
makingup20%.
accountingfor20%.
amountingto2000.
whichfalls/increasefrom.to
whichis20%.
whichmakesup20%.
whichconstitutes20%.
whichaccountfor20%.
或插入语
下降/减少
decreased
declined
dropped
fell
reduced
wentdown
slumped
sink
上下波动
fluctuated
varied
riseandfall
（注：
数据为估计数据时，
需使用about,nearly,almost
approximately,over,
upto,abitover,around等。
数据为准确值时，可用
Precisely,exactly等加强语气。
）
2）上升/下降（用变化名词）
句式
变化程度的形容词
变化的名词
在哪方面变化
时间段
Therewasa
sudden
rapid/quick
dramatic/significant
sharp/steep
marked
consistent/continual
steady/stable
gradual/slow
small/slight
increase
jump
rise
growth
decrease
drop/fall
decline
reduction
inthenumberofsth
inthepercentageof
intheprofitofsth
from…to….
between…and…
foronemonth.
foraperiodofonemonth.
duringthenextmonth
duringtheperiodfrom…to…
duringthe25-yearperiodfrom…to…
overthenextmonth.
overtheperiodfrom…to…
overtheperiodbetween…and…
overthe5-yearperiodbetween…and.
throughouttheperiod
in1999=intheyear1999
inthenexttwodecades
inaround1999
by1999=bytheyear1999
until2004
after/before2004
upward/downward
tendency
3）上升/下降（五个变通句型）
1．Thepercentageof…increasessharplybetween…and…,goingupfrom...to….
2．Thereisagradualincreaseinthenumberof….overtheperiodofonemonth.
3．Thenumber/percentageshowsanupward/downwardtrendfrom….to…..
4．Asharpincreasecanbefoundinthenumber/percentageof,from…to…
5．Theyearof1999witnessesasteadyfallintheamountof….
4）无变化
主语
动词保持
形容词
导入数据
时间
Thenumberof（sth）
Thepercentageof
remained
maintained
steady
stable
at30%
between（1980）and（2000）.
overtheperiodbetween…and…
overthe25-yearperiodbetween…and.
duringthe25-yearperiodfrom…to…
foronemonth
foraperiodofonemonth.
over/duringthenextmonth.
didnotchange
stayedthesame/unchanged
maintainthesamelevel
leveledout
Therewas
little
hardlyany
no
changeinthenumberofsth
二．静态数据描写
1）最高和最低
Awasthemostpopular/dominant/main+n,with+数据+时间..
=A+动词/被动语态/servesas（isusedas）themainn（+数据）+时间.
=Thelargestquantityofn+动词/被动语态fromA+数据+时间.
=TheproportionofninA,thehighestofall,+动词+数据+时间.
=A+动词/被动语态inthelargestquantity,+数据+时间.
主语
动词
导入数据
时间
Themonthlyprofit
Thefigures
Thesituation
Thenumber
Thepercentage
Peaked最高点
at20%
inDecember.
reached
apeak
ahighpoint
bottomedout最低点
reached
thebottom
alowpoint
2）A比B多/少
A
动词/被动语态
far/much
more/lessthan
slightly/marginally
B
ThepercentageofA
is
more/lessthan
thatofB.
There
are
more/lessA
thanB
3）A和B相等
比较的一方
程度副词
比较级+名词
比较的另一方
Ahas
ThepercentageofAis
A动词/被动语态
almost
nearly
about
approximately
asmany（employees）as
asmuch（space）as
ashighas
B.
thesame
number
proportion
amount
ofasB
2）A是B的几分之几或几倍
比较的一方
程度副词
量词
比较的另一方
Ahas
ThepercentageofAis
A动词/被动语态
almost
nearly
about
approximately
justoverexactly
precisely
a/onequarterof
halfof
athirdof
3quartersof
the（total）numberofemployees.
aquarter
half
quarters
twice
threetimes
asmany（employees）
asmuch
asB.
3）A比B多几倍
比较的一方
程度副词
量词
比较级+比较的另一方
Ahas
ThepercentageofAis
A动词/被动语态
almost
nearly
about
approximately
justoverexactly
precisely
twice
threetimes
fourtimes
more（employees）thanB
higher/largerthanB
三．导入数据
★介词短语
1.Theconsumptionoffishalsodeclinebutslightlytojustbelow50grams.
2.Lambandchickenwereeateninthequantitiesof5grams.
3.Theconsumptionoffishdeclineby50grams.
4.Theunitsofelectricitydoubled,risingfrom100to170inUSAandfrom90to180inFrance.
5.Hydrocontinuedtobeanothersignificantsource,supplying/producingapproximately20%,at25units.
6.In1979，beefwasbyfarthemostpopularofthesefood,withabout225gramsperpersonperweek.
7.Theremindingunitswereproducedlargelyfromoilandnuclearpower（20unitsand25unitsrespectively）,withhydrocontributing5units.
★括号
8.Theremainderwasproducedfromnaturalgas,hydropower（eachproducing25units）andoil（whichproduceonly10units）.
9.Lambandchickenwereeateninsimilarquantities,whilemuchlessfishwasconsumed（justover50grams.）
★分词作状语
10.Theunitsofelectricitydoubled,risingfrom100to170inUSAandfrom90to180inFrance.
11.Thegreatestamountofwaterwasconsumedintheindustrialsector,accountingfor70%.
12.Thelargestquantityofwaterwasusedforagriculturalpurpose,whereashydrocontinuedtobeanothersignificantsource,supplyingapproximately20%.
★非限制性定语从句
13.Theunitsofelectricitydoubled,whichrosefrom100to170inUSAandfrom90to180inFrance.
14.Thegreatestamountofwaterwasconsumedintheindustrialsector,whichaccountfor70%.
四．对象描述变换方法
1.Beefwasthemostpopularofthesefoods.
Beefwasconsumedasthemostpopularfood.
Beefwereeateninsimilarquantitiesof5grams.
Theconsumptionofbeeffelldramaticallytoapproximately100gramsand55gramsrespectively.
2.Americanusedcoalasthemainelectricitysourcefor25%.
Coalwasusedasthemostpopularsource.
3.Thelargestquantityofwaterwasusedforagriculturalpurpose.
Waterusedintheindustrialsectoralsoincreased,buttheconsumptionwasminimaluntil1999.
4.Nearly80%studentsunder26yearsoldstudyfortheircareerreason.
Thereareonly10%ofstudentsstudyingoutofinterest.
Thosewhostudyforcareerpurposeis4%.
5.90%ofthosewhoheldaskilledvocationaldiplomaweremen.
Menholdingpostgraduatediplomasclearlyoutnumberedthanfemales.
Menwithpostgraduatediplomasclearlyoutnumberedthanfemales.
6.Britainhasspentmostheavilyontherangedofgoods.
Britain’sspendingisconsiderablehigherthanthatofothercountry.
Germanyisthelowestspender.
五．开头段改写
1.（7.1）Thetablebelowgives/showsinformationonconsumerspendingondifferentitemsinfivedifferentcountriesin2002.
=Thetableshowstheexpenditureontheconsumptionofthreeitemsin5nationsin2002,namely,Turkey,Italy,London,NewYorkandTokyo.
2.（7.2）ThegraphbelowshowstheconsumptionoffishandsomedifferentkindsofmeetinaEuropeancountrybetween1997and2004.
=Thelinechartillustratesthechangesintheamountoffish,beef,lambandchickenconsumedinaparticularEuropecountryoverthe15-yearperiodfrom1997to2004.
=Thegraphillustrateshowtheconsumptionoffish,beef,lambandchickenchangedinaparticularEuropecountryoverthe15-yearperiodfrom1997to2004.
3.（7.3）Thechartshowsinformationaboutchangesinaveragehousepricesinfivedifferentcitiesbetween1990and2002comparedwiththeaveragehousepricesin1989.
=Thechartsshowshowtheaveragepricesinfivedifferentcitieschangedduringtheperiodbetween1990and2002incomparisontotheaveragehousepricesin1989.
4.（6.1）Thegraphandtablegivesinformationaboutwateruseworldwideandwaterconsumptiontintwodifferentcountries.
=Thegraphshowshowtheamountofwaterusedworldwidechangedbetween1990and2000andthetablecomparesthedifferencesinagriculturalconsumptionintwocountries.
5.（3.3）Thechartbelowshowsthelevelsofparticipationineducationandscienceindevelopingandindustrialcountriesin1980and1990.
=Thedatacomparesthedifferencesbetweendevelopingandindustrialcountriesparticipationineducationandscience.
第三节高分句式
一．同时写两个对象的特征或变化
1）平铺直叙法:
简单句（respectively,comparedwith
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