电子信息工程 本科论文英文文献翻译.docx

电子信息工程 本科论文英文文献翻译.docx

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电子信息工程本科论文英文文献翻译

外文资料翻译

学院：

电子工程学院

系（专业）：

电子信息工程

班级：

电子061

姓名：

学号:

指导教师评语:

签名:

年月日

一：

外文原文

3GTECHNOLOGY

Althoughthetechnologybehind3Gmayseemcomplicated,thewaysinwhich3Gwillaffectallofourlivesareeasytoimagine.Justimaginehavingacombinedcamera，videocamera，computer,stereo，andradioincludedinyourmobilephone.Rich-mediainformationandentertainmentwillbeatyourfingertipswheneveryouwantanywherethereisawirelessnetwork。

Mobilecommunicationismovingfromsimplevoicetorichmedia,whereweusemoreofoursensestointensifyourexperiences.

Butnotallofthiswillhappenatonce.3Gisanevolutiontoacommunicationsidealthatnoonecompletelyunderstandsyet.WhatwedoknowisthatmobilemultimediawillhittheJapanesemarketsin2001，andEuropeandNorthAmericawillfollowsoonafter。

3Gbringstogetherhigh-speedradioaccessandIP-basedservicesintoone,powerfulenvironment.ThesteptowardsIPisvital.IPispacket-based，whichinsimpleterms，meansuserscanbe”online”atalltimes，butwithouthavingtopayuntilweactuallysendorreceivedata.TheconnectionlessnatureofIPalsomakesaccessalotfaster：

filedownloadscantakeafewsecondsandwecanbeconnectedtoourcorporatenetworkwithasingleclick.

3Gintroduceswidebandradiocommunications,withaccessspeedsofupto2Mbit/s.Comparedwithtoday'smobilenetworks，3Gwillsignificantlyboostnetworkcapacity—sooperatorswillbeabletosupportmoreusers,aswellasoffermoresophisticatedservices.

3G-Athome

3Gisgoingtoaffectourhomeandsociallivesinmanyways.Theservicesthat3Genableswillhelpustomanageourpersonalinformation，simplifytaskssuchasgroceryshopping，makebetteruseofourtimeandofferservicesthatarejustfuntouse。

Operatorswillbeabletodevelopmyriadnewserviceopportunitiestoattractandretainnewcustomers。

Herearesomeexamples：

∙You'resittingonatrainandusethis"dead”timetologontoyourbankaccount,checkyourbalanceandpayafewbills-allthroughyour3Gdevice.Yousavetimeandcanbesmarteraboutmanagingyourfinances。

∙Onatouringvacation，youarriveinanewcity。

Youhaven'tmadeanyreservationsinadvance，becauseyoucandothiswhenyougetthere,byusingyour3Ghandsettoobtainup—to-dateinformation，includinghotelvacancies。

Havingbookedaroom，youcanuseyourmobiletoviewvideoclipsoflocaltouristattractionsandtalktosomeonefromthelocaltouristinformationbureauatthesametime。

3G-Atwork

3Gwillnotjustsupporttheneedsofbusinesspeoplewhotravelalot，butwillalsohelpnew,flexibleworkingpractices,suchashome—workingandremoteaccesstocorporatenetworksoutsidetraditionalworkinghours.Businesspeopleareoftenhigh-volumeairtimeusers，sotheyrepresentabigopportunityformobileoperators。

Herearesomeexamples:

∙Atworkyoureceiveamessagefromyour”smart"refrigeratorathome。

Themessagetellsyouthatcertainitemsneedrestockingandanorderhasalreadybeenpreparedforthelocalgrocerystore，whichyoucanapprove，sothatyourgroceriesarereadytocollectonthewayhome.

∙Youareontheroad,andurgentlyneedtodiscussadraftpresentationwithanumberofcolleaguesbackintheoffice.Pullingintoaservicestation，youuseyour3Gdevicetoholdatelemeetingwithyourcolleaguesand,atthesametime,youcanallviewthedraftpresentationandmakechangesonline.

∙Amaintenanceengineerisrepairingsomeequipmentonaclient’spremisesandhitsaproblem.Usinghis3Gdevice,hecontactshisdepartmentanddownloadsademonstrationvideothatguideshimthroughtherepairprocess.

TECHNOLOGY

3Gbringstogethertwopowerfulforces:

widebandradiocommunicationsandIP-basedservices.Together,theselaythegroundworkforadvancedMobileInternetservices,includingpersonalizedportals，”infotainment",mobilecommerceandunifiedmessaging-encompassinghigh—speeddata，superiorqualityvoiceandvideoandlocation-basedservices.

Making3Garealitydependsontechnologydevelopmentsindifferentareas。

Theseincludeamendmentstotheradiointerfacetosupportwidebandcommunicationsandinthecorenetwork.Supportingtechnologies，suchasWAPandBluetooth，alsohaveanimportantroletoplay。

Thissectionprovidesabriefoverviewofsomeofthemaintechnologiesanddevelopmentsinvolved。

Ericssonsupportsallofthesetechnologiesandhasplayedanactiveroleintheirdevelopment.

GPRS

GeneralPacketRadioService（GPRS）isanenhancementtoexistingGSMandTDMAnetworksthatintroducespacketdatatransmission,enabling”alwayson”mobility.Thismeansthatuserscanchoosetobepermanentlyloggedontoe-mail,Internetaccessandotherservices,butdonothavetopayfortheseservicesunlesssendingorreceivinginformation.WhenEDGEisaddedtoGPRS,thesedatarateswillincreaseupto384kbit/s。

GPRSwillbeimplementedbyaddingnewpacketdatanodesandupgradingexistingnodestoprovidearoutingpathforpacketdatabetweenthemobileterminalandagatewaynode.ThegatewaynodewillprovideinterworkingwithexternalpacketdatanetworksforaccesstotheInternetandintranets.

Benefits：

∙Fasterdataspeedsand"alwayson”mobility

∙Almostinstantaneousconnectionset—up

∙Connectiontoanabundanceofdatasourcesaroundtheworld,throughsupportformultipleprotocols，includingIP

∙Asteptowardsfull3Gservices。

WCDMA

WidebandCodeDivisionMultipleAccess（WCDMA）isawidebandradiotechniquethatprovidesfarhigherdataratesthanotherradiotechniquesavailabletoday，upto2Mbit/s，andhighlyefficientuseofradiospectrum.

ThehigherbandwidththatWCDMAprovideswilldeliverthefullpotentialof3G.Forexample，WCDMAallowssimultaneousaccesstoseveralvoice，videoanddataservicesatonce.

WCDMAisfullycompliantwithIMT-2000andistheairinterfacetechnologyforstandardsinthe2GHzbandwidth（theIMT-2000coreband），knownasUMTS（UniversalMobileTelecommunicationSystem）inEuropeandARIB（AssociationofRadioIndustryBusinesses）inJapan.

EricssonhasbeenattheforefrontofWCDMAdevelopment.ThecompanydeliveredanexperimentalWCDMAsystemtoNTTDoCoMoinJapanbackin1998.EricssonhasalsosetupWCDMAtestsystemsaroundtheworld.At2000，EricssonannounceditsfirstfamilyofWCDMAbasestations.

EDGE

EnhancedDataRatesforGlobalEvolution（EDGE）enablesGSMandTDMAoperatorstooffer3Gservicesusingexistingnetworkfrequencies.Bymakingchangesandadditionstostandardizationofevolutionaryphasesoftheairinterfaceandthebackbonenetworks，aswellasthemigrationtoALL—IPandmultimedianetworks.

cdma2000

cdma2000isadecidedlyefficient3Gstandardforthedeliveryofhighbandwidthdataandhighcapacityvoiceservices。

Theevolutionofthecdma2000standardwillenablemobilesystemstoofferdatathroughputsof2Mbit/secandbeyond。

Thehigherbandwidththatcdma2000provideswilldeliverthefullpotentialof3G.Forexample,cdma2000alsoallowssimultaneousaccesstoseveralvoice，videoanddataservicesatonce。

cdma2000isfullycompliantwithIMT—2000requirementsfor3G.cdma2000willbeimplementedintheexistingfrequencybandsofCMDAandTDMAat800and1900MHz,aswellasinnewspectrumat2GHzinJapan.

Ericssonisaleaderincdma2000development，andakeydriverinthestandardizationofevolutionaryphasesoftheairinterfaceandthebackbonenetworks,aswellasthemigrationtoALL—IPandmultimedianetworks.

Bluetooth

Bluetoothisanopenstandardfortwo—way,short-waveradiocommunicationsbetweendifferentdevices。

Itmarkstheendofcablesandcordsbetweenmobilephones,palmtops,portablePCsandprinters,forexample.Furthermore,Bluetoothenablesinformationbetweensuchdevicestobesynchronized.DiaryinformationheldonaPDAcanbeupdatedautomaticallywhenwithinrangeofaBluetooth—enabledPC。

Bluetoothisalsogoingtobeimportantformachine-to—machinecommunications—oneofthelargestgrowthareasintelecommunications。

Bluetoothisakeydevelopmentforterminalsandotherdevicesusingmobilenetworks。

Itisavailablenowfor2Gnetworksandas3Gsystems,willplayanincreasinglyimportantsupportingroleinthefutureofmobilecommunications。

EricssonhasalreadyannouncedBluetoothdevices,includingtheT36BluetoothphoneandaBluetoothheadset.

BluetoothwasoriginallydevelopedbyEricsson,butisnowundertheauspicesoftheBluetoothSpecialInterestGroup。

Ithaswidespreadsupportamongtelecomequipmentvendors，computerandchipmanufacturers.

Symbian

SymbianisanindependentjointventuresupportedbycompaniesincludingEricsson,Nokia,MotorolaandPsion。

Symbianaimstopromoteamassmarketformobileinformationdevicesintwoways：

∙First，throughthedevelopmentofcoresoftware，applicationframeworks，applicationsanddevelopmenttoolsformobilemultimediadevices（suchasPDAs,smartphonesandcommunicators）

∙Second，by”evangelizing”standardsfortheinteroperationofmobileinformationdevices.Symbian'sEPOCoperatingsystemisalreadyavailableandEricssondevicessuchastheR380areEPOC—enabled.

WAP

WirelessApplicationProtocol（WAP）isaglobal,openstandardthatgivesmobileusersaccesstoInternetservicesthroughhandhelddevices。

ItenablesuserstoeasilyaccessawholerangeofMobileInternetandotherdataservicesfrommobiledevicessuchassmartphonesandcommunicators,andwithouttheneedtoplugintoaseparatelaptopordata—enableddevice.

WAPenablesthisthroughabuilt—in”WAPmicrobrowser”thatletsinformationbeaccesseddirectfromaphone，inthesam