高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理 Unit 13 People练习 北师大版必修5.docx

高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理 Unit 13 People练习 北师大版必修5.docx

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高考英语一轮总复习第一部分教材知识梳理Unit13People练习北师大版必修5

2019高考英语一轮总复习第一部分教材知识梳理Unit13People练习北师大版必修5

一、阅读理解（共7小题;每小题2分,满分14分）

A

Hi,I’mPelpinaTrip,hereforAtoshowyouthetoprestaurantsAustinhastooffer.

Authenticcuisinefordinnertime

Rightnow,I’matFondaSanMiguel.Thisisabeautiful,colorfulrestaurantwithaveryelegantsetting—atreatfortheeyesaswellasthetastebuds.TherestaurantfeaturesclassicregionalMexicancuisine,preparedwithauthenticrecipesandingredientsfromtherestaurant’sownon-siteorganicgarden.TheyofferspecialseveryeveningandalargebrunchonSunday.

LunchtimeinAustin

Ifyou’relookingforagoodplacetohavelunch,Austinoffersavarietyofrestaurantsthatcanhelpstillyourhunger.Annie’sCafeandBarislocatedintheheartofthecity.It’sapieceofEuropeinTexas:

themenuisfilledwithseasonalfarm-to-marketfoodforhealthybreakfastanddinners—andevenatnight,thebarisperfectforcocktailsanddeserts!

Austinalsooffersplentyofmom&popsandwichshops.ToastiesSubsoffersavarietyofaffordableanddelicioussandwiches,salads,tacosandpizzas.Enjoyyourmealwithafreshlysqueezedorangejuice,smoothieorlocalbeer—ortakeitalongforapicnicatZilkerPark,rightnextdoor.

Austinstreetfoodoffersvarious&deliciousflavors

Forgood,affordablefoodinAustin,youdon’tevenhavetolookfurtherthanthestreets.DowntownAustinispackedwithgreatfoodtrailers—Llama’s,forexample,offersdeliciousauthenticPeruviandishes—rightoff6thStreet!

Theyevenofferoutdoorseating—orjusttakeyourmealalongastrollthroughdowntownAustin!

Thanksforyourwatching.Formoreinformation,visitusatA.

1.WhichservesauthenticMexicanrecipes?

A.FondaSanMiguel.

B.Llama’s.

C.Annie’sCafeandBar.

D.ToastiesSubs.

2.Whichplaceoffersdeliciousfoodwithalocalflavor?

A.Intheheartofthecity.

B.AtZilkerPark.

C.Inon-siteorganicgarden.

D.Off6thStreet.

3.Youmayprobablyfindthepassagewhen　　　　. 

A.youarewatchingavideoonline

B.youarereadinganewspaper

C.youaretouringinAustin

D.youareattendingaconference

【文章大意】本文是一则网上的视频文稿,介绍了德克萨斯州首府奥斯汀的最佳饮食场所。

1.A　细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“TherestaurantfeaturesclassicregionalMexicancuisine,preparedwithauthenticrecipes...”可知,FondaSanMiguel提供正宗的墨西哥风味的饮食。

2.D　细节理解题。

由倒数第二段标题“Austinstreetfoodoffersvarious&deliciousflavors”可知,在奥斯汀的大街上即可品尝到其地方风味的小吃。

3.A　推理判断题。

根据第一段“Hi,I’mPelpinaTrip,hereforAtoshowyou...”和最后一段“Thanksforyourwatching.Formoreinformation,visitusatA.”可推知,这是一则网上的视频文稿,在网上看视频时便可看到,故选择A项。

B

Climatechangehascausedariseinsealevels.Thishasincreasedtheamountofsaltinfreshwaterusedoncoastalfarms.Asaresultfarmersareincreasinglyunabletousefieldsclosetothesea.

Scientistscallthisprocess“salinization”.Thetermcomesfromtheword“saline”—whichmeansamixtureofsaltandwater.TheUnitedNationsFoodandAgricultureOrganizationsayssalinizationisreducingtheworld’sirrigatedlandsby1to2percenteveryyear.

ButafarmerintheNetherlandsisnowusingamixtureofseaandfreshwatertogrowhealthyandtastyvegetables.MarcVanRijsselberghestartedwithanexperiment.

“Weputalotofplantsinthefieldsandthen,weputtheminfreshwaterandinseawaterandallthevarietiesbetweenit,andthenweseewhichvarietyissurvivingandwhichvarietyisdying.”

MrVanRijsselbergheworkedontheprojectwithscientistsfromtheFreeUniversityofAmsterdam.Hedividedafarmintoeightirrigatedareas.Separatepipespumpedfreshandseawater,andacomputerprogramcreatedwaterwitheightlevelsofsalinity.“Andthenthecomputersays‘go’andthenitgoestothefieldsanddrippingirrigationstartstoworkandwearegoingtokillplants.That’sit.”

AccordingtoMrVanRijsselberghe,hewasabletoharvestvegetablesfrommostoftheeighttestareas.Thevegetablesweresmallerthanthosegrowninfreshwater,buttheyhavemoresugarandsalt,thustastingbetter.

Thefarmergrewcarrots,cabbage,onionsandbeetroot.Buthefoundthatpotatoesgrewbetterthantheothervegetablesinthecombinationofseaandfreshwater.MrVanRijsselberghesaysfourkindsofthesepotatoeswererecentlysenttoPakistan,wherethousandsofhectaresoflandhavebeendamagedbysalinization.FarmersinPakistanhopetoseeiftheycanbegrowninthosefields.

1.Whatispreventingfarmersfrommakingfulluseofcoastalfields?

A.Salinization.B.Saline.

C.Irrigation.D.Farming.

2.WhichshowsthecorrectorderoftheexperimentbyMarcandthescientists?

a.creatingwaterwitheightlevelsofsalinity

b.startingdrippingirrigation

c.dividingthefarmwithplantsinto8irrigatedareas

d.pumpingfreshandseawaterthroughseparatepipes

A.c—a—d—bB.d—c—a—b

C.d—c—b—aD.c—d—a—b

3.DutchpotatoesweresenttoPakinstanmainlybecause　　　　. 

A.thepotatoescanbefarmedinPakistanonalargescale

B.Pakistanhascompleteirrigationsystemsforthiskindofplant

C.Pakistanfarmerswanttotestthepotatoesintheirsalinizedfields

D.Pakistanfarmersaremoreexperiencedingrowingpotatoes

4.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Dutchfarmersdealwithclimatechange

B.Dutchexperimentshowsfarmingwithsaltywaterpossible

C.ClimatechangeincreasestheriskofreducingDutchcoastalfarms

D.Climatechangemakesfarmersskilledinfarming

【文章大意】海平面因气候变化而上升,导致沿海农场使用的淡水中含盐量增多,结果农民们越发难以在沿海农田里耕作。

荷兰的一位农民为应对这一现象,使用海水和淡水的混合物来进行种植健康美味蔬菜的试验。

1.A　细节理解题。

根据前两段内容,尤其是第一段的最后一句“...farmersareincreasinglyunabletousefieldsclosetothesea.”和第二段的首句“Scientistscallthisprocess‘salinization’.”可知,导致农民难以在沿海农田里耕作的是“盐碱化”。

2.D　细节理解题。

根据第五段可知,试验的程序是:

将种有农作物的农场划分为8个灌溉区域,用不同的管道来输送淡水和海水,之后用电脑程序生成8种不同浓度的盐水,最后进行滴灌。

3.C　细节理解题。

由最后一段内容可知,荷兰的土豆最近被送到巴基斯坦,是因为那里有数千公顷土地被盐碱化,巴基斯坦的农民想用这种土豆进行试验,看是否能在这些盐碱地上生长。

4.B　标题归纳题。

本文是一篇关于荷兰农民使用海水和淡水的混合物来种植健康美味蔬菜的相关介绍,B项符合题意。

二、语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）

TimCook,theCEOofApple,showedofftheirnewestdevice,theAppleWatch.MrCooksaiditwasthemost1.　　　　（person）deviceApplehadcreated. 

TheAppleWatchisaverysmallcomputerapersonwearsonhisorherwrist.Itcandomanyofthesamethings2.　　　　aniPhone.Theappsarecustomized（定制）forthewatch.Itisdifferentfromjustseeing3.　　　　isonyourphone. 

Likeaphone,youwillbeabletoreceive4.　　　　（call）onyourwrist.MrCooksmiledwhile5.　　　　（describe）this.“I’vebeenwantingtodothissinceIwasfiveyearsold,”hesaid.“Thedayis6.　　　　（final）here.” 

Thewatchesarrivedinstores7.　　　　lateApril.Theyaresoldatdifferentprices,beginningat$349.MrCooksaidthehigh-endmodel,theone8.　　　　（make）of18-karatgold,isthousandsofdollars. 

OneproblemwithAppleWatchisthatyouneed9.　　　　iPhoneonyourbody,ornearby,togetthiswatchtofunctionfully.Likeaphone,italsoneedstobechargedeachnight.Itremainstobeseenwhetherpeoplereallywanttocarrybothasmartphone10.　　　　asmartwatch. 

（2015·山东潍坊三模）

1.personal。

此处应用形容词修饰名词device。

2.as。

句意:

苹果手机的很多功能苹果手表都具有。

固定搭配thesame...as...“与……同样的……”。

3.what。

seeing之后的宾语从句中缺少主语,应填引导词what。

4.calls。

call作“电话”讲为可数名词,此处用calls表示泛指。

5.describing。

在while引导的复合句中,当主从句主语一致且从句含有be动词时,从句可采用省略主语和be动词的形式,只保留分词短语、介词短语等。

6.finally。

本句中缺少状语,故使用副词finally。

7.in。

月份词汇之前的介词用in。

inlateApril意为“在四月下旬”。

8.made。

句意:

库克先生说,含有18克拉黄金的高端型的手表售价数千美元。

theone与make之间为被动关系,应用过去分词made作后置定语。

9.an。

iPhone为可数名词,其前加an表示泛指。

10.and。

句意:

人们是否真的愿意携带一部智能手机和一部智能手表,还有待观察。

both...and...为固定搭配,意为“……和……都……”。

PartB

一、完形填空（共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分）

Howmanyhoursdoyouspendsittinginachaireveryday?

Eighthoursinthe　1　plusthreehoursinfrontoftheTVafterworkis　2　asthenormformanypeople. 

You　3　don’tneedanexperttotellyouthatsittingtoomuchisnot　4　foryourhealth—froma（n）　5　riskofheartdiseaseandobesityinthelongterm,toreducedcholesterol（胆固醇）maintenanceintheshortterm,notto　6　thestrain（负担）onyourneckandspine. 

Tomakemattersworse,manyresearchesshowregular　7　andagooddietcan’treducethe　8　effectsofsittingtoomuch. 

A2010studyofnearly9,000Australians　9　thatforeachadditionalhouroftelevisionaperson　10　perday,theriskofdying　11　by11percent.Anotherstudy　12　thehealthof123,000Americansbetween1992and2006.Thedeath　13　formenwhospentsixhoursormoreperdaysittingwasabout20percent　14　thanformenwhosatforthreehoursorless.Thedeathrateforwomenwho　15　formorethansixhoursadaywasabout40percenthigher. 

Inotherwords,sittingis　16　us.Sowhatcanwedoaboutit?

Healthexpertssuggestwebreakupthosemanyhoursspentsittingwithmorehoursspent　17　.Theresearchersbelievethatevensmall　18　,likestandingwhiletalkingonthephone,goingoverto　19　toacolleagueratherthansendingane-mail,or　20　takingthestairsinsteadoftheelevator,willhelp. 

（2015·北京华清园月考）

1.A.houseB.cinema

C.officeD.hall

2.A.turnedB.served

C.actedD.accepted

3.A.necessarilyB.probably

C.reasonablyD.doubtfully

4.A.creativeB.cautious

C.badD.good

5.A.reducedB.deleted

C.increasedD.approved

6.A.mentionB.suspect

C.exposeD.blame

7.A.jobB.figure

C.educationD.exercise

8.A.limitedB.positive

C.fixedD.negative

9.A.announcedB.instructed

C.foundD.foresaw

10.A.orderedB.watched

C.forecastedD.completed

11.A.roseB.declined

C.improvedD.faded

12.A.constructedB.tracked

C.affectedD.changed

13.A.rateB.control

C.fearD.prediction

14.A.lowerB.higher

C.greaterD.fairer

15.A.satB.slept

C.practicedD.worked

16.A.disturbingB.killing

C.savingD.refreshing

17.A.standingB.relaxing

C.complainingD.speaking

18.A.challengesB.purposes

C.adjustmentsD.entertainments

19.A.listenB.turn

C.referD.talk

20.A.directlyB.basically

C.simplyD.plainly

【文章大意】本文是说明文,作者阐述了久坐对于健康的危害并提出了具体的建议。

1.C　由下文中的“afterwo