人教版八年级英语下册重点单词短语句型复习归纳全套.docx
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人教版八年级英语下册重点单词短语句型复习归纳全套
人教版八年级英语下册重点单词短语句型复习归纳全套
(含1-10单元的单词短语句型精讲精练)
Unit1
SectionA
教学目标:
掌握have,liedown,toomuch,expect等单词短语的用法
掌握if引导的条件状语从句和What’sthematter?
等句型的用法
词汇全解
1.have
have有“患(病)的意思”,表示“具有某种病症、症状”,常用“havea+名词”。
haveacold为固定用法,意为“感冒”,其中a不能用the来代替,也不能去掉,但翻译时不用译出。
另外,have为实义动词,要随人称的变化而变化。
Shehasatoothache.
拓展
haveacold意为“感冒”,同义短语有:
catchacold,getacold
类似短语有:
haveafever发烧haveasoreback背痛haveabackache背痛
haveastomachache胃痛haveacough咳嗽haveasorethroat咽喉痛
2.liedown
liedown躺下
Don’tliedownontheground.
拓展
与down有关的短语:
sitdown坐下comedown下来,下落falldown落下来
getdown下车writedown写下;记下
辨析:
liev.躺;位于
lay(过去式),lain(过去分词),lying(现在分词)
Sheshouldliedown.
liev.说谎
lied(过去式),lied(过去分词),lying(现在分词)
Don’tbelieveher!
She’slying.
lien.谎言
lies(复数)
Heoftentellslies.
3.toomuch
toomuch用作副词词组,修饰动词或名词。
意为“太多......;......得太多”。
It’sbadforyoureyestowatchTVtoomuch.
辨析toomuch,toomany与muchtoo
toomuch
用作副词词组,意为“......得太多”,修饰动词
用作形容词词组,意为“太多”,修饰不可数名词
用作代词,意为“太多”,在句中做状语
toomany
用作形容词词组,意为“太多”,修饰可数名词复数
muchtoo
用作副词词组,意为“太”,修饰形容词或副词
Thereistoomuchnoiseinthemarket.
Toomanypeoplecometovisithimeveryday.
Thecoatismuchtoodear.Ican’taffordit.
4.expect
expectvt.期待,期盼;预期
expect的常见用法:
expect+名词/代词;expect+复合宾语;expect+从句。
I’mexpectingLucy’sletter.
Iexpectmymothertocomebackfromwork.
IexpectthatmymotherwillcomebackfromParisnextweek.
辨析:
expect与lookforwardto
两者都有“期待”之意,expect指确信某事必将发生,确信某人必将会来而等待着,多用于好的事物,也可用于坏的事物。
lookforwardto是指以愉快的心情期待着。
I’mexpectingTom.
I’mlookingforwardtoseeingTom.
5.toone’ssurprise
toone’ssurprise意为“令人吃惊的是......”,其中surprise是名词,one’s是形容词性物主代词或所有格。
toone’ssurprise相当于“主语+be+surprised”,其中surprised是形容词。
Tohissurprise,hefoundthegirlwasblind.
=Hewassurprisedtofindthegirlwasblind.
拓展
insurprise意为“吃惊地,惊奇地”,相当于副词性短语,用来修饰动词,一般放在所修饰的动词后面。
Thetwogirlslookedateachotherinsurprise.
besurprisedat意为“对......感到惊奇”,表示主语(人)对某事或某物感到惊奇,surprised可以被very,too等修饰,做表语或定语。
Weareverysurprisedatthenews.
surprising意为“令人惊奇的”,是形容词,含有主动的意思,做表语或定语,做表语时主语一般是物。
Hissurprisingsuccessmadeusfeelsurprised.他出人意料的成功使我们感到惊奇。
6.agreeto
agreeto意为“同意做某事”。
Sheagreedtogoshoppingwithme.
拓展
agreewithsb.意为“同意某人(的意见或观点)”。
Iagreewithyou.我同意你的看法。
agreeonsth.就某事达成一致。
Weagreedonthequestion.
7.thanksto
thanksto意为“由于,因为;多亏”。
通常表示由于某种原因才有了某种好的结果。
在句中做状语,常位于句首,有时可与becauseof或withthehelpof进行转换。
Thankstomyteacher,Icanfinishthehomeworkontime.
=Withthehelpofmyteacher,Icanfinishthehomeworkontime.
Thanksto(=Becauseof)thebadweather,wehadtoputoffourtrip.
辨析:
thanksto与thanksfor
thanksto
意为“由于,因为;多亏”
并无当面感谢的意思,其后可接名词、代词或名词性短语
Thankstothesekindmen,hersonwassaved.
thanksfor
意为“因......而感谢”
后接感谢的原因,其后可接名词或动词-ing形式
Thanksforyourhelp.
8.intime
intime意为“及时”
辨析:
intime与ontime
intime
意为“及时”
强调正好赶上事先约定的时间,没有迟到;其后可接for引导的介词短语,表示“正好赶上某事”
ontime
意为“准时”
指按计划做某事,强调不迟到,不早不晚
Wegottothebusstationintime.
Iamjustintimefortheplane.
Passengersgetontotheplaneontime.
习题演练
1.Nancytookhertemperatureandfoundshehada_______.
A.coughB.toothacheC.coldD.fever
2.Ifoundaletter_______onthefloorwhenIcameintotheclassroom.
A.lyingB.layC.lieD.lies
3.----Themeatis_______delicious.
----Yes,butdon’teat_______.
A.toomuch;toomuch
B.muchtoo;toomuch
C.toomuch;muchtoo
D.muchtoo;muchtoo
4.----DoyouthinkBrazilwillbeatJapan?
----Yes.Theyhavebetterplayers.SoI_______themtowin.
A.hopeB.preferC.expectD.want
5.----HowwasyourlifeinEngland?
----Quitedifferentformhere._______,peopletheredrinkteawithmilk.
A.InmyopinionB.TomysurpriseC.Atthebeginning
6.Hetoldhisparentshisideasaboutthecampingseveraltimes,andthey_______(同意)withhimatlast.(补全句子)
7.Thanks_______Mr.Hu,wehavelearntmanyEnglishsongs.
A.forB.atc.to
8.----Hurryup.It’salmosttimeforschool.
----Don’tworry.Wearesuretobeatschool_______.
A.attimesB.ontimeC.allthetimeD.bythetime
句式剖析
1.What’sthematter?
此句常用来询问别人的病情。
类似的句子有:
What’swrongwithyou?
/What’sthetrouble?
/What’syourtrouble?
/What’sthematterwithyou?
拓展
matter用作动词,意为“要紧;有关系”,主要用于疑问句和否定句。
Itdoesn’tmatter.一般用来回答对方的道歉,意为“没关系,不要紧”。
表示这一意思时,还可以说“That’sOK/Allright/That’sallright.”等。
“Itdoesn’tmatter.”的主语必须用it,不能用人称代词I,you,he,she等。
matter用作名词,意为“要紧的事;问题;情况”等。
考点提炼:
What’sthematter?
的相关用法
2.Ifyourheadandneckstillhurttomorrow,thengotoadoctor.
本句是含有条件状语从句的复合句,主句是thentotoadoctor,从句是ifyourheadandneckstillhurttomorrow,if是连词,意为“如果,假如”,引导条件状语从句。
拓展
if引导条件状语从句时,如果主句是一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时,可以简单记为“主将从现”。
Wewillgoshoppingifwearefreetomorrow.
考点提炼:
if引导的条件状语从句
3.Hegotoffandaskedthewomanwhathappened.
本句中what引导的whathappened是宾语从句,做动词asked的宾语。
宾语从句的语序使用陈述语序。
Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonext.
getoff意为“下车”,反义短语为geton上车。
Pleasedon’tgetoffuntilthebusstops.
考点提炼:
what引导的宾语从句
习题演练
1.----_______?
----IhaveaheadacheandIdon’tfeellieeatinganything.
A.Howareyou
B.WhatcanIdoforyou
C.What’sthematterwithyou
D.Howdoyoulikeit
2.Learningtowriteislearningtothink.Youwillknowthingsmoreclearly_______youwritethemdown.
A.orB.unlessC.ifD.whether
3.----Doyouknow_______?
----Perhapstomorrow,butI’mnotsure.
A.howwe’llgotothemuseum
B.whichplacewe’llvisitnextSunday
C.whenwewilltraveltoDisneyland
D.whyhewon’tcomehere
4.----Whatkindofpersonsdoyouprefertomakefriendswith?
----Ichoosemyfriendsontheircharactersandhowwe_______.
A.getinB.getupC.getonD.getoff
基础水平考试
1、根据句意及首字母提示完成句子
1.Wearetired.Sowearegoingtol_______downandhavearest.
2.----Ihaveat_______andIcan’teatanyfood.
----Maybeyoushouldseeadentist.
3.Shegotintot______andneededhelp.Sosheaskedtheteacherforhelp.
4.Asstudentswes_______studyhard.
5.T_______tobeteacher,IimprovedmyEnglishsoon.
2、根据汉语意思完成句子
6.你可以躺下休息一会儿。
Youmay______________and_______forawhile.
7.你想和加蜂蜜的热茶吗?
Wouldyoulike_____________________honey?
8.多亏你的帮助,我通过了考试。
_______________yourhelp,Ipassedtheexam.
9.令我们惊讶的是,她今天早上迟到了。
_____________________,shewaslatethismorning.
10.没有人想陷入困境。
Nobodywantsto_____________________.
中考水平测评
1、单项填空
1.Anniehasa_______,andsheisgoingtoseeherdentisttoday.
A.coldB.feverC.coughD.toothache
2._______wekeepourheartsopen,wecanexperiencethehappinessfriendshipbringsus.
A.SinceB.IfC.UnlessD.Though
3.----Youlookreallytired._______?
----Ididn’tsleepwelllastnight.Ihadaheadache.
A.Howaboutyou
B.WhatshouldIdo
C.What’sthematter
D.Howareyoufeelingnow
4.Ourworldwillgetbetterandbetter_______eachofuslivesagreenerlife.
A.beforeB.ifC.thoughD.until
5.Isawsomeboystudents_______basketballwhenIpassedtheplayground.
A.playedB.playsC.playingD.toplay
2、阅读理解
RoaldDahlwasoneofthemostsuccessfulwritesofchildren’sbooks.Hesoldmillionsofbooksallovertheworld.Manyofhisbookshavebeenmadeintofilmsandvideos.HeissofamousthatthereisevenaRoaldDahlMuseumyoucanvisit.
RoaldDahlwasbornin1961inWales,Britain.HisfatherwasrichbuthediedwhenRoaldwasveryyoung.Roaldandhismotherlivedahardlife.HehadtoleaveschoolandwenttoAfricawhereheworkedforanoilcompany.
In1939,Roaldbecameapilot,buthehadabadaccident.Itmadehimlimp(瘸的)fortherestofhislife.Afterthis,RoaldwenttoAmericawherehewroteastoryabouthisexperienceasapilot.Itwassogoodthatitwasputinamagazine.
RoaldmarriedanAmericanfilmstar.TheyboughtahouseinEnglandandhadfivechildren.From1960to1965,_______:
Theo,oneofhischildren,washitbyataxiandwasseriouslyhurt.Olivia,oneofRoald’sdaughters,diedofastrangeillness.Soonafterthis,hiswifealsohadaseriousillness.Ittookheryearstogetcompletelybetter.
GraduallyRoaldbecamemoreandmoresuccessful.Healwaysdidhiswritinginanoldshed(棚)atthebackofhishouse.Healwayssatinthesameoldarmchairwithawoodenboardonhislap.
“Oneofthenicethingsaboutbeingawriter,”heoncesaid,“isthatallyouneediswhatyou’vegotinyourheadandapencilandabitofpaper.”
1983RoaldwonabigprizeforhisbookTheBFC.Duringhislife,Roaldwrotemanyfamousbooks,suchasCharlieandtheChocolateFactory,Matilda,FantasticMr.Fox.
Afterhediedin1990,Roaldleftmoneytohelppeoplewithseriousillnessesandthosewithproblemswithreadingandwriting.
6.RoaldDahlwasfamousasa(an)_______.
A.doctorB.teacherC.actorD.writer
7.AfterRoaldwenttoAmerica,he_______.
A.losthisparentsinaplaneaccident
B.wroteastoryabouthispilotexperience
C.gotmarriedtoanEnglishfilmstar
D.wonabigprizeforhisbookMatilda
8.WhichofthefollowingisthebestfortheblankinParagraph4?
A.theylivedahappylife
B.threeterriblethingshappened
C.hewentonwritingbooks
D.hecreatedsomeunluckycharacters
9.WhatRoaldsaidinParagraph6mainlyshowsthat_______.
A.beingawriterwasapopularjobatthattime
B.oneneedstopracticealotifhewantstobeawriter
C.Roaldlovedwritingverymuchandwastalentedinit
D.thoughhewassuccessful,Roallivedasimplelife
答案:
习题演练:
1-5DABCB6.agreed7.C8.B
习题演练:
1-4CCCC
基础水平考试
1.lie2.toothache3.trouble4.should5.Thanks6.liedown;rest7.hotteawith8.Thanksto9.Tooursurpr