英语讲义.docx

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英语讲义.docx

英语讲义

accomplishbeautifymakeupspreadliveinextremelyregulateoperatebargainpracticalabandonprotectavailable

™不断的,连续发生的constant

™有吸引力的,引起注意的a.attractive

™可利用的,可获得的a.available

™使平衡;权衡v.balance

™相对的a.relative

™顾客,消费者n.consumer

™谣言,传闻n.rumor

™功能,职能N.function

™完成,造就;造诣n.accomplishment

™强调v.emphasize

™牺牲,献声v.sacrifice

™古典的,经典的a.classical

™保证,担保v.guarantee

™打断,打扰v.interrupt

™使确信,使放心v.assure

™不愿意的,勉强的a.reluctant

™经济的,经济学的a.economic

™区别,辨别v.distinguish

碰撞,冲突n.collision

™供应,提供v.furnish

™熟练,精通n.proficiency

™一代(人),产生v.generation

™结果、后果n.consequence

™可靠的,有责任心的a.responsible

™持久的,耐久的a.lasting

™维持,保持v.maintain

™必需品,必要性n.necessity

™合作、协作v.cooperate

™牺牲品,受害者n.victim

™可以接受的a.acceptable

™完成,履行v.fulfill

™广告n.advertisement

™驱策,催促,力劝v.urge

™购买,买v.purchase

™内疚的;有罪的a.guilty

™影响v.influence

™安全n.security

™有效地,有成效地ad.effectively

™颤抖,抖动v.tremble

™门类,种类;范畴n.category

™分布广泛的,普遍的a.widespread

™译本,版本n.version

™大气层,气氛n.atmosphere

™完美的,十足的a.perfect

™配偶n.spouse

™吸收、消化n.digestion

™壮丽的,宏伟的a.magnificent

™令人烦恼的a.troublesome

™机械的,呆板的a.mechanical

™劝说,说服v.persuade

™讨价还价v.bargain

™计算,核算;估计,推测v.calculate

™解决方法,答案n.solution

™依靠,依赖n.dependence

™不利地位,不利条件n.disadvantage

™运输;运输系统n.transportation

™古典的;经典的a.classical

™碰撞,冲突n.collision

犯罪的,犯法的;罪人a.n.criminal

™减少;减小v.decrease

™古老的,古代的a.ancient

™污染n.pollution

™基本上,从根本上ad.basically

™打扰,麻烦v.bother

™区别,辨别v.distinguish

经济的;经济学的a.economic

™不愿意的,勉强的a.reluctant

™使确信,使放心v.assure

™证据,根据n.evidence

™财政的,金融的a.financial

™相似的,类似的a.similar

™胃口,胃n.stomach

™质量,品质n.quality

™投降,v.surrender

™争论,争辩n.debate

™注射,针剂v.injection

™真正的、真诚的a.genuine

™相反的a.contrary

™迁移,改变v.transfer

(被)拉长v.financial

™凋谢,枯萎;褪色的a.fade

™种族的a.racial

™调整,调节v.adjust

™精确的,正确的,ad.exact

™禁止,不准v.prohibit

™打翻,推翻v.overturn

™多种多样的a.diverse

™手册、指南n.manual

™迁移,改变v.transfer

™(被)拉长v.stretch

™消费者n.consumer

™解释,下定义v.define

™面试,口试;采访v.interview

™捐赠,赠送n.donation

™灵活的,可变通的a.flexible

™地震n.earthquake

™有目的的a.purposeful

™偏见n.bias

™词典n.dictionary

™旅行,行程n.journey

™安装v.install

™喷气式飞机n.jet

™想法,看法,概念n.notion

™然而,不过ad.nevertheless

™延长,拉长v.prolong

™图是管理员n.librarian

™相反的,不利的a.adverse

™偏见n.bias

™显然的,明显的a.obvious

™能力,能耐n.ability

™吹嘘,自夸v.boast

™垃圾,废物n.rubbish

™谚语,格言n.proverb

™接近,近似n.proximity

™命令,指挥v.command

™明智的ad.sensible

™原则n.principle

™密集度,稠密度n.density

™扩大,放大v.enlarge

™取消,删除v.cancel

™过多的,过分的a.excessive

™(动物)吃草,放牧v.graze

™水手n.sailor

™技术,手艺n.technique

™样品,样本n.sample

™暂时的,临时的a.temporary

™零n.zero

™木制的,木头的ad.wooden

™国家的,民族的a.national

™有效地,合理的ad.valid

™日常的,例行的ad.routine

™侄子,外甥n.nephew

™准时的,正点的a.punctual

™展望,前景n.outlook

™拒绝v.refuse

™幸存者n.survival

™技术员n.technician

™获胜者n.winner

™(使)枯萎v.wither

™垂直的a.vertical

™混合物n.mixture

™拧紧v.tighten

™英俊的,漂亮的a.handsome

™含义,暗示n.implication

™改动,改变v.alter

™地下的,隐藏的a.underground

™真实的,如实的a.truthfully

™同情,同情心n.sympathy

™保持,保留n.retention

™预期的,未来的a.prospective

™使确信,使信服v.convince

™农业的a.agricultural

™而且,此外ad.furthermore

1Youcouldalways________himtosettleanargument,nomatterwhatwasbeingdiscussed.

A.believeinB.callon

C.trustinD.counton

2Therewassomethingwrongwiththetrafficsignal.Ourbuswas_________fornearlyhalfanhour.

A.heldonB.heldback

C.heldoutD.heldup

3Tired___hewas,Rogerneverthoughtofgivingitup.

A.asB.whenC.howD.that

解析:

此题为as引导让步状语从句,而且要求倒装

4Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld.

A.where  B.that C.onwhich  D.theone

5Itmakesgood______tobringanumbrella;itseemstoberainingtoday.

AsenseBreasonCsuggestionDadvice

6Hisintelligencewill_____himtogetascholarshiptocollege.(07.10)

AenableBpersuadeCsuggestDemploy

7Itisdifficultto_____theimplicationbetweenthelines.

AgettoBgetwithCgetatDgetdown

8Thevolleyballmatchwastelevised_____onCCTV.

AaliveBlifeCliveDlively

9Thereissomethingwrongwithmymobilephone.Imusthaveit_______.

ArepairBtorepairCrepairingDrepaired

考点:

havesthdone~~固定搭配短语,表示“使某物被……”

10Whenyou_____knowOwenbetter,youwilllikehim.

AgotoBgottoCwenttoDgetto

考点:

gettoknow…表示理解~~

11Therearemanysalesinthisseason,duringwhichstoreswilllowertheir_____prices.

AnormalBgeneralCordinaryDusual

考点:

normalprice表示正常价格

12Asforfamilyeducation,parentsareencouragedtorelyon_____ratherthanpunishment.

AcriticismBintimidationCpersuasionDscolding

13Admirecourage,whateverformit______.

AputsBliesCmakesDtakes

14Thestudent______describedthebeautifulmountainsandriversinhishometown.

AartificiallyBvividlyCcriticallyDviciously

15Ifyouaretoo_____ofyourchildren,theywillneverlearntodealwithdifficultiesinlife.

ArespectiveBdetectiveCprotectiveDeffective

18heyclaimtheyhave_____infindingacureforthisdisease.

AsucceededBresultedCachievedDmade

19Icame____becausemycarhasbrokendown.

AbyfeetBonfeetCbyfootDonfoot

20Ilikewalkinginthecountryand______.

Aalsodoesmyhusband

Bsodoesmyhusband

Csomyhusbanddoes

Dmyhusbanddoes

21I_____mybrother$50andmustpayhimbacktomorrow.

AlendBborrowCoweDown

22Everyboyandgirl_____inthesameway.

AistreatedBaretreatedCtreatsDtreat

24______Itodoit,Iwoulddoitinadifferentway.(虚拟语气)

AWereBWasCAmDBe

25______thisnewawareness,attitudetowardhealthischanging.(短语辨析)

ARegardlessofBInpursuitof

CTothebestuseofDAsaresult

26Ashisparentsdiedwhenhewasyoung,hewas_____byhisaunt.

AbroughtupBgrownupCbroughtoutDtakenout

27Thisisthereason_____Icameearly.

AbecauseBwhyCforDas

28Henotonlyhadreadthebook_____rememberedwhathehadread.

AalsoBandCorDbut

29Everydayhe_____timeforimprovinghisphysicalfitness.

AdealswithBfocusesonCsetsasideDstartson

30Herhusbanddidn`t_____tothemoviethatnightsotheystayedathomewatchingTV.

AfeelliketogoBfeelliketogoingCfeellikegoDfeellikegoing

31.Roundthecornerwasabuilding_______windowswereallbroken.

AwithitsBwhoseCthatDwiththose

32.Youhavetofinish,_____longittakes.

AhoweverBwheneverCwhoeverDnomatter

在现代英语中主谓一致一般遵循如下原则:

语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近原则。

语法一致原则:

谓语动词的形式由主语的形式来

确定。

主语是单数,谓语动词就

用单数。

主语是复数,谓语动词

就用复数。

意义一致原则:

谓语动词的形式由主语所表达的

意义来决定。

就近原则:

谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠

近它的词语。

™1谓语动词用单数的情况

(1)不定式、动名词短语或名词性从句作主语时,

谓语动词用单数.但“what”引导的名词性从

句的谓语动词会由后面的名词决定。

如:

Whathisfatherlefthimareafewbooks.

™

(2)事件、国名、机构名称、作品名称做主语时,

谓语动词用单数。

™(3)One,every,everyone,everybody,each,oneof,manya(许多),either,neither,noone,nobody,anyone,someone,somebody作主语或修饰主语时,谓语动词用单数。

™(4)表示时间、距离、金钱、体积、数字等的词语用作主语表示总量时,谓语动词用单数。

™(5)单数词做主语,后面由including,aswellas,togetherwith,inadditionto,accompaniedby等连词连接其他词,谓语动词仍用单数。

™(6)aportionof,aseriesof,akindof等词语修饰主语时,谓语动词用单数。

™2.谓语动词用复数的情况

(1)由both,some,few,many,several等做主语或修饰主语时,谓语动词用复数。

(2)形容词前加定冠词泛指时,谓语动词用复数。

(3)由and连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数。

但是,当and连接的词语是作为整体考虑或者指同一个人或物时,谓语动词用单数。

(4)集体名词作主语,当主语表示整体时,谓语动词用单数;当主语强调集体中的个人时,谓语动词用复数。

™3.谓语动词单复数待定的情况

(1)一些表示数量的词语,如alotof,anyof,mostof,halfof,two-thirdsof,ninetypercentof,partof,therestof,someof,noneof,allof与名词连用时,谓语动词的数取决于名词的数。

名词用单数,谓语动词也用单数,名词用复数,谓语动词也用复数。

(2)由either…or…;neither…nor…连接或者当一个句子由there或here引导,谓语通常采取就近原则,与靠近它的主语一致。

如:

Hereisapen,afewenvelopesandsomepaperinthedrawer.

1Mr.Smith,togetherwithhischildren,_______arrived.

A.areB.has C.is D.have

2NotonlyTombutalsohiswife____fondofwatchingtelevision.

A.are B.were C.be D.is

3.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory____yet.

 A.isnotdecided 

B.arenotdecided 

C.hasnotdecided 

D.havenotdecided

4TheUnitedStatesofAmerica_____oneofthemostdevelopedcountriesintheworld.

 A.isB.are C.was D.were

4Halfofhisgoods____stolentheotherday.

 A.are B.were C.is D.was

5Mathematics____thelanguageofscience.

 A.are B.aregoingtobe C.is D.istobe

6Nobody____tosmokeinthecinema.

 A.allows B.allow C.isallowed D.areallowed

7TheChinesepeople_____hard-workingandbrave.

 A.are B.is C.hasbeenD.arebeing

8Thenumberofstudentsfromthenorth____small.

 A.are B.is C.have D.has

9Theairinbigcities_____verydirtybyfactories.

 A.areoftenmade B.isoftenmade 

C.haveoftenmade D.hasoftenmade

2.Thisessayisstilltoolong.I’llhaveto___(short)itbyoneortwopages.

这论文还是太长。

我要把它缩成两页纸。

本题考查构词法,形容词short变成shorten缩减。

3.Thecomputerhasmadeourlife_____(color).

分析:

答案是colorful.其中makesb/sth+adj(表示名词状态),所以应用color的形容词形式colorful,意思是丰富多彩的。

4.Eversincethepaintingsofcontemporaryartistswentonexhibitionatthegallery,there_____(be)manyvisitorseveryday.

分析:

答案是havebeen.本句考查的是therebe结构恶完成时态。

5.There_____(estimate)tobemorethan20000overseasdomesticservantsworkinginBritainin1995.

分析:

答案是:

wereestimated(据估计)

6.Nowadays,youngsterslikelisteningtoCDmusicmorethan______(go)toconcerts.

答案:

going.因为morethan构成比较级,前后所跟动词形式应该一致,前面是listeningtoCDmusic,后面就应是:

goingtoconcerts.

8.Shadowsbeganto____(length)asthesunsankinthewest.

当夕阳西下的时

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