英语讲义.docx
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英语讲义
accomplishbeautifymakeupspreadliveinextremelyregulateoperatebargainpracticalabandonprotectavailable
不断的,连续发生的constant
有吸引力的,引起注意的a.attractive
可利用的,可获得的a.available
使平衡;权衡v.balance
相对的a.relative
顾客,消费者n.consumer
谣言,传闻n.rumor
功能,职能N.function
完成,造就;造诣n.accomplishment
强调v.emphasize
牺牲,献声v.sacrifice
古典的,经典的a.classical
保证,担保v.guarantee
打断,打扰v.interrupt
使确信,使放心v.assure
不愿意的,勉强的a.reluctant
经济的,经济学的a.economic
区别,辨别v.distinguish
碰撞,冲突n.collision
供应,提供v.furnish
熟练,精通n.proficiency
一代(人),产生v.generation
结果、后果n.consequence
可靠的,有责任心的a.responsible
持久的,耐久的a.lasting
维持,保持v.maintain
必需品,必要性n.necessity
合作、协作v.cooperate
牺牲品,受害者n.victim
可以接受的a.acceptable
完成,履行v.fulfill
广告n.advertisement
驱策,催促,力劝v.urge
购买,买v.purchase
内疚的;有罪的a.guilty
影响v.influence
安全n.security
有效地,有成效地ad.effectively
颤抖,抖动v.tremble
门类,种类;范畴n.category
分布广泛的,普遍的a.widespread
译本,版本n.version
大气层,气氛n.atmosphere
完美的,十足的a.perfect
配偶n.spouse
吸收、消化n.digestion
壮丽的,宏伟的a.magnificent
令人烦恼的a.troublesome
机械的,呆板的a.mechanical
劝说,说服v.persuade
讨价还价v.bargain
计算,核算;估计,推测v.calculate
解决方法,答案n.solution
依靠,依赖n.dependence
不利地位,不利条件n.disadvantage
运输;运输系统n.transportation
古典的;经典的a.classical
碰撞,冲突n.collision
犯罪的,犯法的;罪人a.n.criminal
减少;减小v.decrease
古老的,古代的a.ancient
污染n.pollution
基本上,从根本上ad.basically
打扰,麻烦v.bother
区别,辨别v.distinguish
经济的;经济学的a.economic
不愿意的,勉强的a.reluctant
使确信,使放心v.assure
证据,根据n.evidence
财政的,金融的a.financial
相似的,类似的a.similar
胃口,胃n.stomach
质量,品质n.quality
投降,v.surrender
争论,争辩n.debate
注射,针剂v.injection
真正的、真诚的a.genuine
相反的a.contrary
迁移,改变v.transfer
(被)拉长v.financial
凋谢,枯萎;褪色的a.fade
种族的a.racial
调整,调节v.adjust
精确的,正确的,ad.exact
禁止,不准v.prohibit
打翻,推翻v.overturn
多种多样的a.diverse
手册、指南n.manual
迁移,改变v.transfer
(被)拉长v.stretch
消费者n.consumer
解释,下定义v.define
面试,口试;采访v.interview
捐赠,赠送n.donation
灵活的,可变通的a.flexible
地震n.earthquake
有目的的a.purposeful
偏见n.bias
词典n.dictionary
旅行,行程n.journey
安装v.install
喷气式飞机n.jet
想法,看法,概念n.notion
然而,不过ad.nevertheless
延长,拉长v.prolong
图是管理员n.librarian
相反的,不利的a.adverse
偏见n.bias
显然的,明显的a.obvious
能力,能耐n.ability
吹嘘,自夸v.boast
垃圾,废物n.rubbish
谚语,格言n.proverb
接近,近似n.proximity
命令,指挥v.command
明智的ad.sensible
原则n.principle
密集度,稠密度n.density
扩大,放大v.enlarge
取消,删除v.cancel
过多的,过分的a.excessive
(动物)吃草,放牧v.graze
水手n.sailor
技术,手艺n.technique
样品,样本n.sample
暂时的,临时的a.temporary
零n.zero
木制的,木头的ad.wooden
国家的,民族的a.national
有效地,合理的ad.valid
日常的,例行的ad.routine
侄子,外甥n.nephew
准时的,正点的a.punctual
展望,前景n.outlook
拒绝v.refuse
幸存者n.survival
技术员n.technician
获胜者n.winner
(使)枯萎v.wither
垂直的a.vertical
混合物n.mixture
拧紧v.tighten
英俊的,漂亮的a.handsome
含义,暗示n.implication
改动,改变v.alter
地下的,隐藏的a.underground
真实的,如实的a.truthfully
同情,同情心n.sympathy
保持,保留n.retention
预期的,未来的a.prospective
使确信,使信服v.convince
农业的a.agricultural
而且,此外ad.furthermore
1Youcouldalways________himtosettleanargument,nomatterwhatwasbeingdiscussed.
A.believeinB.callon
C.trustinD.counton
2Therewassomethingwrongwiththetrafficsignal.Ourbuswas_________fornearlyhalfanhour.
A.heldonB.heldback
C.heldoutD.heldup
3Tired___hewas,Rogerneverthoughtofgivingitup.
A.asB.whenC.howD.that
解析:
此题为as引导让步状语从句,而且要求倒装
4Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld.
A.where B.that C.onwhich D.theone
5Itmakesgood______tobringanumbrella;itseemstoberainingtoday.
AsenseBreasonCsuggestionDadvice
6Hisintelligencewill_____himtogetascholarshiptocollege.(07.10)
AenableBpersuadeCsuggestDemploy
7Itisdifficultto_____theimplicationbetweenthelines.
AgettoBgetwithCgetatDgetdown
8Thevolleyballmatchwastelevised_____onCCTV.
AaliveBlifeCliveDlively
9Thereissomethingwrongwithmymobilephone.Imusthaveit_______.
ArepairBtorepairCrepairingDrepaired
考点:
havesthdone~~固定搭配短语,表示“使某物被……”
10Whenyou_____knowOwenbetter,youwilllikehim.
AgotoBgottoCwenttoDgetto
考点:
gettoknow…表示理解~~
11Therearemanysalesinthisseason,duringwhichstoreswilllowertheir_____prices.
AnormalBgeneralCordinaryDusual
考点:
normalprice表示正常价格
12Asforfamilyeducation,parentsareencouragedtorelyon_____ratherthanpunishment.
AcriticismBintimidationCpersuasionDscolding
13Admirecourage,whateverformit______.
AputsBliesCmakesDtakes
14Thestudent______describedthebeautifulmountainsandriversinhishometown.
AartificiallyBvividlyCcriticallyDviciously
15Ifyouaretoo_____ofyourchildren,theywillneverlearntodealwithdifficultiesinlife.
ArespectiveBdetectiveCprotectiveDeffective
18heyclaimtheyhave_____infindingacureforthisdisease.
AsucceededBresultedCachievedDmade
19Icame____becausemycarhasbrokendown.
AbyfeetBonfeetCbyfootDonfoot
20Ilikewalkinginthecountryand______.
Aalsodoesmyhusband
Bsodoesmyhusband
Csomyhusbanddoes
Dmyhusbanddoes
21I_____mybrother$50andmustpayhimbacktomorrow.
AlendBborrowCoweDown
22Everyboyandgirl_____inthesameway.
AistreatedBaretreatedCtreatsDtreat
24______Itodoit,Iwoulddoitinadifferentway.(虚拟语气)
AWereBWasCAmDBe
25______thisnewawareness,attitudetowardhealthischanging.(短语辨析)
ARegardlessofBInpursuitof
CTothebestuseofDAsaresult
26Ashisparentsdiedwhenhewasyoung,hewas_____byhisaunt.
AbroughtupBgrownupCbroughtoutDtakenout
27Thisisthereason_____Icameearly.
AbecauseBwhyCforDas
28Henotonlyhadreadthebook_____rememberedwhathehadread.
AalsoBandCorDbut
29Everydayhe_____timeforimprovinghisphysicalfitness.
AdealswithBfocusesonCsetsasideDstartson
30Herhusbanddidn`t_____tothemoviethatnightsotheystayedathomewatchingTV.
AfeelliketogoBfeelliketogoingCfeellikegoDfeellikegoing
31.Roundthecornerwasabuilding_______windowswereallbroken.
AwithitsBwhoseCthatDwiththose
32.Youhavetofinish,_____longittakes.
AhoweverBwheneverCwhoeverDnomatter
在现代英语中主谓一致一般遵循如下原则:
语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近原则。
语法一致原则:
谓语动词的形式由主语的形式来
确定。
主语是单数,谓语动词就
用单数。
主语是复数,谓语动词
就用复数。
意义一致原则:
谓语动词的形式由主语所表达的
意义来决定。
就近原则:
谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠
近它的词语。
1谓语动词用单数的情况
(1)不定式、动名词短语或名词性从句作主语时,
谓语动词用单数.但“what”引导的名词性从
句的谓语动词会由后面的名词决定。
如:
Whathisfatherlefthimareafewbooks.
(2)事件、国名、机构名称、作品名称做主语时,
谓语动词用单数。
(3)One,every,everyone,everybody,each,oneof,manya(许多),either,neither,noone,nobody,anyone,someone,somebody作主语或修饰主语时,谓语动词用单数。
(4)表示时间、距离、金钱、体积、数字等的词语用作主语表示总量时,谓语动词用单数。
(5)单数词做主语,后面由including,aswellas,togetherwith,inadditionto,accompaniedby等连词连接其他词,谓语动词仍用单数。
(6)aportionof,aseriesof,akindof等词语修饰主语时,谓语动词用单数。
2.谓语动词用复数的情况
(1)由both,some,few,many,several等做主语或修饰主语时,谓语动词用复数。
(2)形容词前加定冠词泛指时,谓语动词用复数。
(3)由and连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数。
但是,当and连接的词语是作为整体考虑或者指同一个人或物时,谓语动词用单数。
(4)集体名词作主语,当主语表示整体时,谓语动词用单数;当主语强调集体中的个人时,谓语动词用复数。
3.谓语动词单复数待定的情况
(1)一些表示数量的词语,如alotof,anyof,mostof,halfof,two-thirdsof,ninetypercentof,partof,therestof,someof,noneof,allof与名词连用时,谓语动词的数取决于名词的数。
名词用单数,谓语动词也用单数,名词用复数,谓语动词也用复数。
(2)由either…or…;neither…nor…连接或者当一个句子由there或here引导,谓语通常采取就近原则,与靠近它的主语一致。
如:
Hereisapen,afewenvelopesandsomepaperinthedrawer.
1Mr.Smith,togetherwithhischildren,_______arrived.
A.areB.has C.is D.have
2NotonlyTombutalsohiswife____fondofwatchingtelevision.
A.are B.were C.be D.is
3.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory____yet.
A.isnotdecided
B.arenotdecided
C.hasnotdecided
D.havenotdecided
4TheUnitedStatesofAmerica_____oneofthemostdevelopedcountriesintheworld.
A.isB.are C.was D.were
4Halfofhisgoods____stolentheotherday.
A.are B.were C.is D.was
5Mathematics____thelanguageofscience.
A.are B.aregoingtobe C.is D.istobe
6Nobody____tosmokeinthecinema.
A.allows B.allow C.isallowed D.areallowed
7TheChinesepeople_____hard-workingandbrave.
A.are B.is C.hasbeenD.arebeing
8Thenumberofstudentsfromthenorth____small.
A.are B.is C.have D.has
9Theairinbigcities_____verydirtybyfactories.
A.areoftenmade B.isoftenmade
C.haveoftenmade D.hasoftenmade
2.Thisessayisstilltoolong.I’llhaveto___(short)itbyoneortwopages.
这论文还是太长。
我要把它缩成两页纸。
本题考查构词法,形容词short变成shorten缩减。
3.Thecomputerhasmadeourlife_____(color).
分析:
答案是colorful.其中makesb/sth+adj(表示名词状态),所以应用color的形容词形式colorful,意思是丰富多彩的。
4.Eversincethepaintingsofcontemporaryartistswentonexhibitionatthegallery,there_____(be)manyvisitorseveryday.
分析:
答案是havebeen.本句考查的是therebe结构恶完成时态。
5.There_____(estimate)tobemorethan20000overseasdomesticservantsworkinginBritainin1995.
分析:
答案是:
wereestimated(据估计)
6.Nowadays,youngsterslikelisteningtoCDmusicmorethan______(go)toconcerts.
答案:
going.因为morethan构成比较级,前后所跟动词形式应该一致,前面是listeningtoCDmusic,后面就应是:
goingtoconcerts.
8.Shadowsbeganto____(length)asthesunsankinthewest.
当夕阳西下的时