河南省普通高中高考仿真模拟一英语试题.docx
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河南省普通高中高考仿真模拟一英语试题
2018年河南省普通高中高考仿真模拟
(一)英语试题
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
A
(2018·临沂市高三教学质量检测)
Manyofushavedesiresthatmightseemtobebeyondourabilities,butlookingtothosewhoovercamesimilardifficultiescanbeagreatsourceofinspirationforanyonetryingtolivetheirbestlife.Herearesomequotes(引语)frompeoplewhochasedtheirdreamsandturnedthemintoamazingrealities.
EstéeLauder
“Ididn'tgettherebywishingforitorhopingforit,butbyworkingforit.”
—EstéeLauder,FounderofEstéeLauder
Funfact:
Lauderstartedoutbyhelpingherchemistunclesellfacecreamsandperfumesandturnedmillionaire.
OprahWinfrey
“Youknowyouareontheroadtosuccessifyouwoulddoyourjobandnotbepaidforit.”
—OprahWinfrey,TVMogulandHost
Funfact:
TherewasatimewhenWinfreycouldn'taffordsoup.Now,sheisaphilanthropist(慈善家)andoneofthemostinspiringpersonsofhergeneration.
MadamC.J.Walker
“Don'tsitdownandwaitfortheopportunitiestocome.Getupandmakethem.”
—MadamC.J.Walker,CivilRightsActivistandInventor
Funfact:
Walkerwasknownasthefirstblackfemalemillionaireaftershelaunchedherhaircarelinein1905.Infact,shewasthefirstAmericanwomanofanyracetobeaselfmademillionaire.
SaraBlakely
“Embracewhatyoudon'tknow,especiallyinthebeginning,becausewhatyoudon'tknowcanbecomeyourgreatestasset(财富).”
—SaraBlakely,SpanxFounder
Funfact:
BlakelyearnedaForbescoverin2012forbeingtheyoungestfemaleselfmadebillionaire.
1.Whichofthefollowingpeopleisnotabusinessperson?
A.EstéeLauder. B.OprahWinfrey.
C.SaraBlakely.D.MadamC.J.Walker.
2.WhatcanwelearnfromthequotesofEstéeLauderandMadamC.J.Walker?
A.Wellbegunishalfdone.
B.Romewasnotbuiltinoneday.
C.Actionspeakslouderthanwords.
D.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.
3.Whatcanweinferaboutthewomenmentionedinthetext?
A.Theyreceivedadvancededucation.
B.Theyaretrulycreativeandpeaceloving.
C.Theyturnednothingintosomethinghuge.
D.Theyachievedgreatsuccessintheirfields.
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。
每个人都有超越自身能力的对成功的欲望,如何克服困难实现梦想呢?
文章用四个成功人士对成功的见解和他们成功的经历给出了答案。
1.B 推理判断题。
EstéeLauder靠卖面霜和香水成了百万富翁;OprahWinfrey是个大慈善家;MadamC.J.Walker是美国第一位白手起家的黑人女百万富翁;SaraBlakely2012年荣登福布斯榜,是最年轻的白手起家的女亿万富翁。
从对每一位的叙述及“OprahWinfrey,TVMogulandHost”可知,OprahWinfrey不是一位商人。
故选B。
2.C 推理判断题。
根据EstéeLauder的话中的“byworkingforit”和MadamC.J.Walker的话中的“Getupandmakethem.”可知,两个人的话都表达了“行胜于言”。
故选C。
3.D 推理判断题。
文中提到的四个女性都是在各自领域中获得伟大成功的典型。
故选D。
A、B两项文中没有提及;C项“把一无所有变成伟大”夸大事实。
亮点句积累:
Ididn'tgettherebywishingforitorhopingforit,butbyworkingforit.(EstéeLauder部分第一段)
译文:
我不靠许愿或憧憬,而靠奋斗来获取成功。
B
(2017~2018·第一学期福州市联考)
IfyouhaveachancetogotoFinland,youwillprobablybesurprisedtofindhow“foolish”theFinnishpeopleare.
Takethetaxidriversforexample.TaxisinFinlandaremostlyhighclassBenzwithafareoftwoUSdollarsakilometer.Youcangoanywhereinone,tellthedrivertodropyouatanyplace,saythatyouhavesomebusinesstoattendto,andthenwalkoffwithoutpayingyourfare.Thedriverwouldnotshowtheleastsignsofanxiety.
Thediningroomsinallbighotelsnotonlyservetheirguests,butalsoserveoutsidediners.Hotelguestshavetheirmealsfree,sotheynaturallygotothefreediningroomstohavetheirmeals.Themosttheywoulddotoshowtheirgoodfaithistowavetheirregistrationcardstothewaiter.Withsuchaloosecheck,youcaneasilyuseanyoldregistrationcardtotakeacoupleoffriendstodinefreeofcharge.
TheFinnishworkersarepaidbythehour.Theyareverymuchontheirownassoonastheyhaveagreedwiththebossattherate.Fromthenontheyjustsayhowmanyhourstheyhaveworkedandtheywillbepaidaccordingly.
Withsomanyloopholes(漏洞)ineverydaylife,surelyFinlandmustbeaheaventothosewholovetotake“petty_advantages”.Butthestrangethingisthatallthetaxipassengerswouldalwayscomebacktopaytheirfaresaftertheyhaveattendedtotheirbusinessandthatnotasingleoutsiderhaseverbeenfoundinthefreehoteldiningrooms.Andworkersalwaysgiveanhonestaccountoftheexacthourstheyputin.AstheFinnsalwaysactongoodfaithineverythingtheydo,livinginsuchasocietyhasturnedeveryoneintoareal“gentleman”.
4.TheunderlinedwordsinParagraph5meansto“________”.
A.bereadytohelpothers
B.makegooduseofone'sfriends
C.bealittleaheadofothers
D.gainsomethingatother'sexpense
5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
A.WhiletakingataxiinFinland,youcangetoffwithoutfirstpayingyourfare.
B.InabighotelinFinland,youcanenjoyfreemealsifyou'relivinginthehotel.
C.ThebossesinFinlandpaytheemployeesaccordingtotheregistrationoftheirworkinghours.
D.Theworkersarealwayshonestwiththeirworkinghours.
6.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.
A.theFinnishsocietyisofveryhighmoral(道德的)level
B.therearemanyloopholesineverydaylifeinFinland
C.inFinland,mosttaxidriverswillnotchargeyouanything
D.everyoneinFinlandislikeagentleman,fortheyhavefaithinthemselves
7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?
A.LifeinFinland
B.ASocietywith“Foolish”People
C.WhataLife
D.HonestaccountsoftheFinns
【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文,主要通过一些例子,介绍了芬兰人的诚实,并且诚实让他们成为真正的“绅士”。
【难句分析】Youcangoanywhereinone,tellthedrivertodropyouatanyplace,saythatyouhavesomebusinesstoattendto,andthenwalkoffwithoutpayingyourfare.
分析:
该句为主从复合句。
句中thatyouhavesomebusinesstoattendto为that引导的宾语从句,作say的宾语。
译文:
你可以乘一辆出租车去任何地方,告诉司机让你在任何地方下车,告诉(司机)你有一些事情要处理,然后不付车费就可以离开。
4.D 考查词义猜测。
根据第五段第一句“Withsomanyloopholes(漏洞)ineverydaylife,surelyFinlandmustbeaheaventothosewholovetotake‘petty_advantages’”可知,在日常生活中芬兰出现了很多的“漏洞”。
结合上文内容可知,在芬兰,如果你告诉出租车司机你有一些事要处理,你不付车费就可以离开;在宾馆用旧的登记卡就可以享受免费大餐;工人只要告诉老板自己工作的时长就可以得到相应的工资,这些就是“漏洞”。
由此可知,芬兰确实是那些爱贪小便宜的人的天堂,画线词意为“小便宜”,故D项正确。
5.C 考查细节理解。
根据第四段的内容,尤其是第三句“Fromthenontheyjustsayhowmanyhourstheyhaveworkedandtheywillbepaidaccordingly”可知,老板是根据工人自己所说的工作时长给工人支付工资的,而不是根据登记的时长,所以C项与文意不符,故选C项。
根据第五段第二句可知,你可以先下车离开,等处理完事情后再付车费,故A项与文意相符;根据第三段最后两句可知,如果你在芬兰大宾馆入住,你可以凭登记卡享受免费大餐,故B项与文意相符;根据最后一段倒数第二句“Andworkersalwaysgiveanhonestaccountoftheexacthourstheyputin”可知,芬兰工人总是诚实地汇报自己实际的工作时长,故D项与文意相符。
6.A 考查推理判断。
根据最后一段最后一句,并结合全文内容可知,在芬兰,乘出租车的乘客可以先下车离开,等处理完事情后再付车费;没有在宾馆登记入住的人并不会去宾馆享受免费大餐;工人可以按照自己报的工作时长向老板索要工资。
因为芬兰人总是诚实地做每一件事,生活在这样一个社会里,每个人都变成了一个真正的“绅士”。
据此可以判断,芬兰社会有着很高的道德水平,故A项正确。
根据第五段第一句可知,在日常生活中,芬兰社会有很多可以让贪小便宜的人钻的“漏洞”,这是文章所叙述的事实,而不是推论出来的内容,故B项不符合题意;根据第五段第二句可知,乘客会在办完事后支付车费,故C项错误;根据文章最后一句可知,芬兰人总是诚实地做一切事情,故他们都像绅士,并不是说芬兰人信任自己,故D项错误。
7.B 考查主旨大意。
通读全文可知,文章先通过人们认为芬兰人很“愚蠢”引出本文话题,接着举例介绍了芬兰人“愚蠢”的情况,最后点明主旨,即芬兰是一个道德水平很高的国家,人们的诚实让他们都成为绅士。
据此可以判断,B项最适合做文章标题。
C
(2017~2018·洛阳市上学期尖子生第一次联考)
Accordingtoahistorian,uniformswereintroducedintotheUnitedStatesaround1979todealwiththeproblemsofviolenceamongstudents.Statisticalreportsstatethatonly15%ofprimaryschoolsandaround10%ofsecondaryschoolsintheUnitedStateshavestrictlycarriedouttheuniformpolicy.
Inrecenttimesithasbecomethemostdebatedtopicamongparentsandeducators,withmanycriticsstatingthefactthatwearinguniformshasnoeffectonthethoughtprocessofastudentnordoesitconsiderablyreduceinequalityamongthemasses.Studentsareinstructedtofollowcertainrules:
forboys,pants,shirtswithturtlenecks,sweatersandjacketsareacceptable,whileinsomeschools,shortsarestrictlyforbidden;similarly,forgirls,longskirts,blouses,pantsandflatheeledshoesareacceptable.
SchooluniformsinothercountriessuchasThailand,Indonesia,IndiaandPakistanwereintroducedduringtheBritishcolonialperiod.Inthesecountries,girlsinseniorschoolsusuallywearbroadtrousersandboyswearpantsandshirts.Inpreschoolthough,girlswearskirtsandblousesandboyswearshortpantsandshirts.InotherpartslikeNewZealandandAustraliawheretheBritishcolonialrulewasineffect,theuniformsystemwasfollowedinthepublicschoolsystem.ThedresssensecloselyresembledthatoftheEnglishstudents.
Thepurposeofaschooluniformistopromoteteamspirit,disciplineandincreaseequalityamongallstudents.Thoughuniformshaveintendedtowipeoutthediscriminationintheweakersection,criticshaveadifferentstorytosay.Accordingtothem,uniformshavenosuchgreateffectonstudents.Thisstandardizeddresshasnothelpedstudentsremoveanybarriersandisaddingcoststotheparents.
Inmanycountries,thoughstudents'wearinguniformshasproducedsomepositiveresults,intheUnitedStates,theimplementation(实施)requiresalotofeffortsbeforewecanachievefullsuccess.
8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“masses”inthesecondparagraphreferto?
A.Schools.B.Parents.
C.Students.D.Teachers.
9.WhatcanweknowabouttheuniformsysteminAustraliaaccordingtoParagraph3?
A.TheuniformsysteminthepublicschoolfollowsBritain.
B.TheAustralianstudentsdressmorecasually.
C.TheuniformsystemisthesameasthatinNewZealand.
D.MostAustralianstudentswearschooluniforms.
10.What'stheintentionofschooluniformsatfirst?
A.Toencouragestudentstobemorediligent.
B.Toimprovestudents'academicachievement.
C.Topreventstudentsfightingwitheachother.
D.Topromotetheequalityamongstudents.
11.What'stheattitudeofthecriticstowardsschooluniforms?
A.Supportive.B.Neutral.
C.Negative.D.Factual.
【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文,通过介绍美国目前校服的普及情况,讨论了校服的作用,最后指出在某些国家,如美国,校服制度的实施还需要努力。
【难句分析】InotherpartslikeNewZealandandAustraliawheretheBritishcolonialrulewasineffect,theuniformsystemwasfollowedinthepublicschoolsystem.
分析:
本句是复合句,其中包含了where引导的定语从句,主句运用一般过去时的被动语态。
译文:
在