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版英语大一轮复习Unit2Robots教师用书
Unit2 Robots
话题词汇
1.affectionn.喜爱
2.alarmedadj.惊恐的
3.digitaladj.数字的;数码的
4.desirev.渴望;想要
5.breakthroughn.突破
6.advancedadj.先进的;高级的
7.experimentwith用……做实验
8.testout试验
9.dreamabout/of梦想;梦到
10.withtherapiddevelopmentof随着……的快速发展
话题佳作
假设你是李平,美国好莱坞的一些科幻大片中有一些在未来社会机器人想要统治地球并征服人类的情节。
你的笔友Tom来信询问你对这个问题的看法,请你根据下面要点给他写一封回信:
1.描述这些情节;
2.你的看法:
你认为机器人不可能统治地球;
3.原因:
(1)机器人没有感情,没有思想;
(2)虽然它们能够完成一些人类无法完成的工作,但也是在人类的控制下进行的。
佳作欣赏
DearTom,
Gladtoreceiveyourletter.InsomesciencefictionblockbustersfilmedbyHollywoodinAmerica,therobotisdescribedasakindofmachinewhichwantstocontrolhumansandruletheearthinthefuture.Inmyopinion,itisimpossiblefortherobottoruletheearth.Firstlytherobotisonlyakindofmachinewhichhasneitherthoughtsnorfeelings.Secondly,althoughtherobotcandosomeworkthathumanscannotdo,itisworkingunderthecontrolofhumans.Thus,therobotwillneverruletheearth.Thatisjustakindofsciencefiction.
Yours,
LiPing
名师点睛
本文结构清晰,开篇用凝练的句子描述了现象,接下来表明了作者的观点,然后从两个方面围绕论点进行了论证,最后用简洁有力的句子再次表明观点。
整篇文章过渡自然,结构严谨。
文章中灵活地使用了连接词,如inmyopinion,firstly,secondly,thus。
灵活地运用了定语从句、让步状语从句等复合句式,实现了简单句与复杂句的交替使用,并成功地使用了过去分词作定语。
A.写作必记单词
1.desiren.渴望;欲望;渴求;vt.希望得到;想要
(1)desirableadj.值得要的;令人满意的
(2)Hedesiredamedicalmantostay(stay)here.(同义句转换)
→Hedesiredthatamedicalman(should)stayhere.
→Itishisdesirethatamedicalman(should)stayhere.
→Itisdesiredthatamedicalman(should)stayhere.
2.alarmn.警报;惊恐;vt.使警觉;使惊恐;惊动
(1)alarmedadj.担心的;害怕的
alarmingadj.令人惊慌的
(2)Hejumpedupinalarm.(填介词)
(3)Peoplebegantofeelalarmed(alarm)aboutthecholera.
3.favourn.喜爱;恩惠;vt.喜爱;偏袒
(1)doafavourforsb.(=dosb.afavour)帮某人一个忙
infavourof赞成,主张
(2)Domeafavorandopenthewindow.(同义句转换)
→Domeafavorbyopeningthewindow.
→Domethefavortoopenthewindow.
→Domethefavorofopeningthewindow.
4.accompanyvt.陪伴;伴奏
(1)accompanysb.at/on用……为某人伴奏
(2)KenagreedtoaccompanymeonatriptoAfrica.(填介词)
(3)Thearchitect,accompaniedbyhisassociates,is(be)surveyingthelandnow.
(4)Thelightningisaccompaniedwith/bythunder.
电闪雷鸣。
用法点拨
(1)accompany习惯上不接不定式的复合结构作宾语,如下句中的togo应去掉:
Heaccompaniedhertogotothestation.。
(2)accompaniedby连接并列主语时,谓语动词的数要与其前面的主语一致。
5.declarevt.宣布;声明;表明;宣称
(1)declarewaron对……宣战
(2)TeamAwasdeclared(tobe)thewinner.
甲队被宣布为获胜者。
用法点拨
(1)declare...tobe...声称某人(事)……(tobe可以省去,但不能换成as)
(2)declare后通常不跟不定式。
6.junioradj.较年幼的;资历较浅的;地位较低的;n.年少者;晚辈;等级较低者
(1)senioradj.较年长的;资历较深的;地位较高的;n.年长者;等级较高者
(2)bejunior/seniorto比……低(高);比……年幼(年长)
7.talentn.天才;特殊能力;才干
(1)LionelMessi,havingsettherecordforthemostgoalsinacalendaryear,isconsideredthemosttalented(talent)footballplayerinEurope.
(2)Youweretheteacherwhohelpedmediscovermytalentformath.(填介词)
8.divorcen.离婚;断绝关系;vt.与……离婚;与……脱离
divorcesb.和某人离婚
be/getdivorcedto/fromsb.和某人离婚
用法点拨
(1)divorce是及物动词,表示“和某人离婚”是divorcesb.,而不是divorcewithsb.。
(2)divorce用作不及物动词时,其主语通常是复数,不用单数。
9.obeyvt.&vi.服从;顺从
disobeyvt.&vi.不服从;违抗
B.阅读识记单词
10.fictionn.小说;虚构或想象出来的事
11.satisfactionn.满意;满足;令人满意的事物
satisfyvt.使满意;使满足
satisfiedadj.感到满意的;感到满足的
satisfying/satisfactoryadj.令人满意的;令人满足的
12.sympathyn.同情(心)
(1)outofsympathy出于同情
(2)Ifeelquitesympathetic(sympathy)towards/to/withhim.
13.elegantadj.优雅的;高雅的;讲究的
14.scanvt.细看;仔细检查;粗略地看;浏览;扫描
15.absurdadj.荒谬的;可笑的
16.clerkn.售货员;职员;旅馆接待员
17.awfuladj.极坏的;极讨厌的;可怕的;(口语)糟透的
18.affairn.事务;事情;暧昧关系
19.envyvt.忌妒;羡慕
(1)outofenvy出于忌妒(羡慕)
(2)Iquiteenvyyoursuccess.(同义句转换)
→Iquiteenvyyouyoursuccess.
→Iquiteenvyyouforyoursuccess.
用法点拨
envy后可接名词或代词作宾语,也可接双宾语,但通常不接that从句。
20.digitaladj.数字的;数码的;手指的;脚趾的
21.grandadj.大的;豪华的;雄伟的
22.affectionn.喜爱;爱;感情
affectvt.影响;感染
23.holyadj.神的;上帝的;圣洁的
24.staffn.全体员工;手杖
Theschool’steachingstaffis/are(be)excellent.
25.chaptern.(书中的)章;篇;回
26.thinkingn.思想;思考
thoughtn.想法
27.assessmentn.评价;评定
assessvt.评价;评定
1.testout考验出;检验完
2.ringup给……打电话
3.turnaround转身;翻转
4.leave...alone不管;别惹;让……一个人待着;和……单独在一起
5.setaside将……放在一边;为……节省或保留(钱或时间)
6.inall一共;总计
7.beboundto一定做……
1.Assheturnedaround,therestoodGladysClaffern.
她刚一转过身去,就看到格拉迪斯·克拉芬站在那里。
2.ItwasthenthatClairerealizedthatTonyhadopenedthecurtainsofthefrontwindow.
也就是在那时候,克莱尔才意识到托尼已经把前边窗户的窗帘拉开了。
3.ButeventhoughTonyhadbeensoclever,hewouldhavetoberebuilt—youcannothavewomenfallinginlovewithmachines.
但是,尽管托尼很聪明,他还得被重新改造——总不能让女人与机器相爱吧。
4.Asimovbeganhavingstoriespublishedinsciencefictionmagazinesin1939.
在1939年阿西莫夫开始在科幻杂志上发表小说。
用法点拨
(1)havesth.done中过去分词作宾补,表示被动的含义,有时也可用getsth.done来替换,该结构的意思是“使某事被做”,有时翻译成“请人做某事”或“主语遭遇到某事”。
(2)havesb.dosth.让某人做某事,表示经常性的动作或某次具体的动作,不定式必须省略to。
宾语是动作的执行者。
(3)havesb./sth.doingsth.让某人一直做某事;使某事一直处于某种状态;用于否定句,have表示“容忍,容许”之意。
(4)havesth.todo有事要做,have意为“有”。
[用所给词的正确形式填空]
(1)Thetwomenhadthelightsburning(burn)allnightlong.
(2)I’llhavethegardenerplant(plant)sometrees.
(3)Iwillgotothepostoffice.Doyouhaveanyletterstobeposted(post)?
(4)Ihadmywatchrepaired(repair)yesterday.
(5)Iwon’thaveyouspeaking(speak)toyourfatherlikethat.
Ⅰ.教材与语法填空
Arobot1.used(use)forhouseworkwastestedoutinafamily.Helookedlikeatallandhandsomemanwithsmoothhair,2.speaking(speak)inadeepvoice.LarrywasgoingtobeawayfromhomesohehiredsucharobottoaccompanyhiswifeClaire.Clairedidn’tliketheideaatthebeginning,3.butsheagreedtoitatlast.4.AtherfirstsightofTony,Clairewasalarmed.WhenTonyofferedtohelpherdressing,Clairefelt5.embarrassed(embarrass).6.Gradually(gradual),TonybegantowinClaire’strust.HehelpedClairerealizeherdreamsbymakingherhomeelegant,givingheranewhaircut,changingthemakeupshe7.wore(wear)andgivingheradviceonherdresses.Therefore,atthepartyalltheguests8.who/thatwereinvited9.werefilled(fill)withadmirationwhentheysawherhousewascompletelychanged.Afterthetest,thecompanywassatisfiedwithTony’sreport10.becausehehadsuccessfullymadeawomanregainherconfidence.
Ⅱ.教材与短文改错
IsaacAsimovwasanAmericanscientistandawriter.Hewrotearound480bookswhereincludedmysterystories,scienceandhistorybooks.Butheisbetterknownforhissciencefictionstories.Hehadanextraordinarilyimaginationthatgiveshimtheabilitytoexplorefutureworlds.Besides,hesearchedexplanationsofeverything,inthepresentandthepast,withanamazedmind.Throughouthislife,Asimovreceivedmanyaward.Hemarriedtwo.Hemarriedhisfirstwifein1942andmarriedagainin1973.In1992,hediedofNewYork.
答案
IsaacAsimovwasanAmericanscientistandawriter.Hewrotearound480books
includedmysterystories,scienceandhistorybooks.Butheis
knownforhissciencefictionstories.Hehadan
imaginationthat
himtheabilitytoexplorefutureworlds.Besides,hesearched
explanationsofeverything,inthepresentandthepast,withan
mind.Throughouthislife,Asimovreceivedmany
.Hemarried
.Hemarriedhisfirstwifein1942andmarriedagainin1973.In1992,hedied
NewYork.
Ⅲ.教材与微写作
写作素材
(关于评价)
1.珍妮是一家公司的老板,她很珍惜员工的支持。
2.现在所有员工都认为她是一位优雅、有才干的女士,然而在过去,他们都说她荒谬、糟糕。
3.所以说评价也许会随时间而改变。
4.珍妮渴望她的公司越来越好。
提示:
黑体部分用本单元词汇表达,并且请使用who引导的定语从句,what引导的主语从句等。
连句成篇
(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
Jenny,whoisbossofacompany,valuesthesupportofherstaffverymuch.Nowallthestaffthinkhertobeanelegantandtalentedwoman,whileinthepast,whattheysaidaboutherwasabsurdandawful.Soassessmentsmaychangeovertime.Jennydesiresthathercompanybecomebetterandbetter.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2017·湖北孝感高中调研)
AJapanesetelecomcompanyhasreleasedarobotthatitsayshasemotions.Butratherthanruninfearfromit,we’vewelcomeditintoourhomes:
Pepper,the“emotionalrobot”,soldoutwithinaminuteofgoingonsale.
CreatedbyAldebaranRoboticsandJapanesemobilegiantSoftBank,PepperwentonsaletothegeneralpublicinJapanJune20.Itis“thefirsthumanoid(类人的)robotdesignedtolivewithhumans,”Aldebaransaysonitswebsite.Peppercostsabout
1,600.Andlikeallgoodmobileproducts,there’sa
120permonthdatafee,aswellasan
80permonthdamageinsurancefee.Accordingtoanewsrelease,Peppercanpickuponhumanemotionsandcreatehisownusinga“multilayerneural(神经的)network”.Pepper’stouchsensorsandcamerasaresaidtoinfluenceitsmood,whichisdisplayedonthetabletsizedscreenonitschest.
Pepperwillsighwhenunhappy,andcangoaroundyourhouserecordingyourfamily’sdailyactivity.AldebaransaysPeppercanfeel“joy,surprise,anger,doubtandsadness”,butitdoesn’tsayhowstronglyitcanfeeltheseemotions.WhathappenswhenPepperishavingabadday?
Willit,likemanyhumans,becomeuncooperative?
Willitaskforsometimealone?
Whathappensifitfiguresoutthatitspurposeinlifeisjusttoengageinsmalltalk?
Thankfully,Pepperisonlyaboutfourfeettall,withrollerballsinsteadoflegs,soifitisangrywithandeventurnsonitsowners,you’llbesafeifyoucanmakeitupstairs.
Aldebaransaysinreality,they’reprobablyquiteafewdecadesawayfromartificialintelligencethatcouldgeneraterealemotions.Aldebaranwasn’timmediatelyavailableforcommentonwhenPepperwillbeavailableoutsideofJapan,butadditionalsalesarescheduledforJulyafterthefirst1,000unitssellout.SoftBankcurrentlyusestherobotsinitsstoresasgreeters,anditplanstoofferPeppertootherstoresinthefuture.Hopefully“boredom”isnotanemotionPeppercanfeel.
语篇解读 本文介绍了日本的一家电信公司发布了第一台“情感机器人”,阐述了情感机器人的使用费用、功能,以及其前景。
1.Accordingtotheauthor,Pepper.
A.isverypopularamongcustomers
B.cannotonlyrunbutalsoshowfear
C.isgoingtobesoldallovertheworld
D.candealwithmanykin