北外网院写作14期末复习.docx
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北外网院写作14期末复习
写作1-4期末复习
I.考核方式
本课程的考核采取两种形式:
形成性考核和课程终结考试。
课程总评成绩采用百分制(60分为及格线),形成性考核占20%,课程终结考试占80%。
形成性考核:
形成性考核为作业考核,每级课程须提交六次作业,由辅导教师评判,六次作业的平均成绩即形成性考核成绩。
课程终结考试:
为笔试,满分为100分,占课程终结考试成绩的100%。
课程终结考试要求考生在规定时间内完成一篇闭卷作文,所选用题目与平时作业中所涉及的作文题目相类似,写作要求可参考平时作业对内容、长度的要求,时间为30分钟。
II.“英语写作”评分标准
英语写作满分为100分,分为语言(满分50分)、内容(满分40分)、和书写(满分10分)三部分。
三部分分值相加即为作文的总分。
各部分评分标准如下:
项目
分数
标准
语言
47分
用词巧妙,词汇丰富,表达手法灵活多变,写作技巧精湛,明显超出普通水平。
语法结构严谨。
42分
用词得体,表达手法比较灵活。
语法结构较好。
38分
用词正确,能灵活运用多种表达手法,偶有选词错误。
语法结构一般。
34分
用词一般,表达手法单一。
多处选词有误。
语法结构需改进。
30分(及格)
用词能力稍差,表达手法单一,选词有较明显错误。
语法结构需较多改进。
20分
用词较差,表达手法单一。
文中时用汉语词汇或拼音。
选词有明显错误。
语法结构急需改进。
15分
用词很差,表达手法单一。
文中常用汉语词汇或拼音。
用词拙劣,语法结构混乱,错误较多。
10分
不能正确使用词汇和语法。
内容
38分
文章内容切题,内容充实,思维新颖,见解独到,思想水平卓越。
篇幅适当,行文流畅,有较强的可读性和趣味性。
34分
文章切题,思路清晰。
篇幅适当,行文比较流畅,有一定的可读性和趣味性。
30分
文章切题,中心思想没有新意,思辨能力一般。
篇幅适当,偶有有趣表达,句子结构一般。
有时表达不清晰,易引起理解困难。
27分
文章基本切题,但思想表达能力有限,立意不清。
篇幅较短。
句子结构一般,有时意思模糊,理解较困难。
可读性及趣味性较弱。
24分(及格)
文章大致切题。
篇幅不够,句子结构较差,缺乏可读性和趣味性。
20分
文章不切题。
篇幅不够,句子结构较差,缺乏可读性和趣味性。
16分
文章离题较远。
篇幅不够,句子结构差,无可读性和趣味性。
10分
文章离题。
篇幅不够,句子结构混乱。
书写
9/10分
拼写及标点符号使用准确无误,书写整洁美观,能清晰认读。
8分
拼写及标点符号使用偶有错误。
书写整洁,易于认读。
7分
拼写及标点符号使用有常见的错误。
书写基本整洁,可以认读。
6分
拼写及标点符号使用有较多的错误,以致影响认读。
书写基本工整。
4分
拼写及标点符号错误较多,书写不够工整,造成认读困难。
2分
拼写及标点符号错误极多,字迹潦草,全篇认读困难。
MarkingCriteria(Writing)
B.A.andDPStudents
Marks(50)
LanguageUse
47
Studentuseofvocabularyisexceptionaldemonstratingawidevarietyofskillsinlanguageusageofastandardrarelyachievedbyothers.Grammarconstructionisexcellent.
42
Studentuseofvocabularyisverygoodanddemonstratesgoodvarietyinlanguageusage.Grammarconstructionisverygood.
38
Studentuseofvocabularyisquitegoodsometimesshowingsomevarietyofusage.Thereareafewinstancesofpoorvocabularychoice.Grammarconstructionisaverage.
34
Studentuseofvocabularyisaverageshowingnorealvarietyinusage.Therearemanyinstancesofpoorvocabularychoice.Grammarusageneedsobviousimprovement.
30
Studentuseofvocabularyisalittlebelowaverageandshowsnovarietyinlanguageusage.Veryobviousinstancesofpoorvocabularychoice.Grammarconstructionneedsimprovement.
20
Studentuseofvocabularyisbelowaverageandshowsnovarietyinlanguageusage.SomeChinesecharactersmayappearintheessay.Obviousinstancesofverypoorvocabularychoice.Grammarconstructionneedsimprovement.
15
Studentuseofvocabularyiswellbelowaverageandshowsnovarietyinlanguageusage.Chinesecharactersappearintheessay.Veryobviousinstancesofextremelypoorvocabularychoice.Manyproblemsingrammarconstruction.
10
Thisstudentisunabletousevocabularyandgrammarcorrectly.
Marks(40)
Essay—Content
38
Essaycontentisextremelyrelevantandshowsanexceptionallevelofthinkingskillsrarelyachievedbyothers.Sentencestructureissuchthatitaddstothelanguageflowoftheessaymakingitextremelyeasytoreadandveryinteresting.
34
Essaycontentisveryrelevanttothetopicandshowsthestudenthasgoodthinkingskills.Sentencestructuremostlyaddstothelanguageflow.Theessayisinterestingandquiteeasytoread.
30
Essaycontentrelatestothetopic,howeverthestudentdemonstratesonlyaveragethinkingskills.Sentencestructureisaverage,sometimesimpedingmeaningand/orunderstandingforthereader.Theessayhasafewpointsofinterest.
27
Essaycontentmostlyrelatestothetopic,howeverthestudentdemonstratespoorthinkingskills.Sentencestructureisaverage,sometimesmeaningisunclearandunderstandingslightlydifficultforthereader.Theessayhasfewpointsofinterest.
24
Essaycontenthasminorrelevancetothetopic.Sentencestructureisalittlebelowaverageandaddsnothingtothereadabilityoftheessay.Theessayisnotinteresting.
20
Essaycontentismostlyirrelevanttothetopic.Sentencestructureisbelowaverageandaddsnothingtothereadabilityoftheessay.Theessaylacksinterest.
16
Essaycontentismostlyirrelevanttothetopic.Sentencestructureiswellbelowaverageandaddsnothingtotheessay’sreadability.Theessayisnotinteresting.
10
Essaycontentisirrelevanttothetask.Sentencestructureverypoor.
Marks(10)
WritingMechanics[Spelling,Punctuation,WritingClarity]
9/10
Thestudent’sspellingandpunctuationareofanextremelyhighstandard.Writingisextremelylegible.
8
Thestudenthasmadeafewspellingandpunctuationerrors.Writingiseasilylegible.
7
Thestudenthasmadeseveralspellingandpunctuationerrorswhichshouldnothavebeenmade.Writingisgenerallylegible.
6
Thestudenthasmadequiteafewspellingandpunctuationerrorswhichmarthepieceofwriting.Writingisgenerallylegible.
4
Thestudenthasmademanyspellingandpunctuationerrorswhichinhibitthereadingprocess.Writinglegibilityisbelowaverage.
2
Thestudenthasgreatdifficultyincorrectlyspellingmanywordsandpunctuationispoorornon-existent.Writinglegibilityisbelowaverage.
III.考试中注意要点
●giveyouressayatitle
●neathandwriting
●capitalization
●punctuation
●paragraphing
IV.Keytopics
写作1
1)Describingaperson(classmate,neighbor,friend)(age,appearance,background,features)
2)Holidayfood(whatkindoffoodispopular?
)
3)Somethingthathappenedinyourlife(saddest,happiest)(when,what,why)
写作2
1)TraditionalChinesetreatments(what,whyuseful)
2)Myfavoritemovie(book,song)(type,name,author,summary,whydoyoulikeit.)
3)TraditionalfestivalinChina
写作3
1)Importanceofkeepinghealthy.Howdowestayhealthy?
2)Importanceofphysicalexercises.Examplesofphysicalexercisesandtheirfunctions.
3)Whyshouldsmokingbebannedinpublic?
写作4
1)Advantagesanddisadvantagesofautomobile
2)Studyexperience
3)Advantagesanddisadvantagesofinternet(whatisyouropinion?
Why?
)
V.Structureofatypicalessay(three-paragraphessay)
Structurally,anessaycanbeusuallydividedintothreemajorparts:
●theintroduction/introductoryparagraph引言段
Withaviewtopiquingthereader’scuriosity,arousingthereader’sinterestanddrawingtheirattentiontothesubjectmatter,youshouldusuallyincludeintheintroductoryparagraphthefollowing:
⏹offeringsomebackgroundinformationaboutthetopic
⏹referringtothesubjectmatter
⏹statingyourpointofviewonthetopic(thesisstatement/中心句)
Example1:
Whiletherhythmofpeople’slifeisspeedingup,alotofchangeshavetakenplaceinpeople’sdietaryhabit.Fastfoodoutletsaremushroomingeverywhereandfastfoodisrapidlygainingallitspopularityalloverthecounty:
McDonald’s,Kentucky,Timmy’sandthelike.Itbecomessowidespreadthatpeoplecan’thelpasking:
willthetraditionalcuisinebereplacedbyfastfoodoneday?
AsfarasIamconcerned,Istronglybelievethattraditionalfoodwillneverbereplacedbyfastfood.
Example2:
Alongwiththerapiddevelopmentofcomputerscience,remarkablechangeshavetakenplaceinthewaychildrenspendtheirleisuretime.Iftheyhaveacomputerathome,theycanplayfootball,enjoymotor-racingorplungeintostreetfightingwithoutsteppingoutoftheirroom.Manychildrenaresomuchpreoccupiedwithcomputergamesthattheyevenforgetfoodandsleep,resultinginahostofadverseconsequences.Recently,thisphenomenonhasarousedwideconcern.Personally,Iholdthat…….
●Theconclusion/conclusiveparagraph
⏹Theconclusionofanessayshouldbeconcisetothepoint,emphaticandforceful,madeupofasummary/conclusionofthemainpointsdiscussedandarestatementofyourviewpoint.Remembertoleaveadeepimpressiononourprospectivereaders
Example1:
Fromwhatwehavediscussedabove,wecanclearlyseethatthepracticeofeuthanasiaisasinandshouldbecondemnedbyallwithconscience.Weshouldrespectlifeandcherishit.
Example2:
Therefore,itisnotdifficultforustocometotheconclusionthatphysicalexercisesbringusgreatbenefits.Peoplefromallwalksoflifeshouldbeencouragedtotakeupsomekindofsporttohelpmaintainaphysicallyandmentallysoundbodyandenrichtheirlives.
Ineffectiveending:
⏹That’swhyIagreewiththestatement.
⏹ThereforeIopposetheplan.
⏹SoIwanttobesuchastudent.
⏹Theabovearemyreasons.
⏹That’sall.
Practice:
⏹(你的观点)Ithinkadvertisingontelevisionismosteffective.
⏹(你的理由)peoplecanseeandheartheproductonTV.
TherearemorepeoplewatchTV.
Theadvertisementmayspreadallovertheroad.
Conclusion
⏹(语气转折)toconclude,advertisingontelevisionhasmanyadvantages.
⏹(重复观点)That’swhyIconsidertelevisiontobethemosteffectivemeansforadvertising.
⏹(重复理由)TVcommercialsproduceauditory,visualandmobileeffects,attractmoreviewers,andaresenttoallcornersoftheworld.
●bodyparagraph
⏹Thebodyisthemainpartofanessay,whichclearlyandlogicallypresentsyourfactsandideas.Inthispart,youshouldfullydiscusswhatisintroducedintheopening,andyourdiscussioninthispartshouldbeanaturalandlogicalfollow-upofthebeginning.
⏹Eachparagraphofthebodyshouldcontainatopicsentence.Theoneatthebeginningoftheparagraphispreferable.(Topicsentence.)Topicsentencestatesthemainideaoftheparagraph.
⏹Thenyoushouldwritesubideaswhichareusedtosupportthetopicsentence/idea.
⏹Developeachsubideawithfacts,details,reasonsandexamples(supportingdetails)
Example1:
Fastfoodhasseveraladvantages.First,itisfast.Ahamburger-lunchtakesusnomorethantwentyminutes.Wecanevenhaveitwhileworking.Forthosesalarymen,whobelieveinthesayingthattimeismoney,fastfoodisanidealchoice.Secondly,itisconvenient.Itissosimpletomakethatitcanbemadeinwholesal