学年山东省青岛市高一选科测试英语试题 解析版.docx

学年山东省青岛市高一选科测试英语试题 解析版.docx

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学年山东省青岛市高一选科测试英语试题解析版

山东省青岛市2020-2021学年高一选科测试英语试题

一、阅读选择

Readytojumpintogardening?

Itcanbealittlefrighteningatfirst,butgardeningisanextremelyrewardinghobbytogetinto.Onthispage,we'llintroducethebasicsofvegetablegardeningandplanning:

howtopicktherightsiteforyourgarden,howtocreatetherightsizegarden,andhowtoselectwhichvegetablestogrow.

PICKTHERIGHTLOCATION

Pickingagoodlocationforyourgardenisabsolutelykey.Hereareafewtipsforbeginnerstochooseagoodsite:

First,plantinasunnylocation,becausemostvegetablesneedatleast6hoursofdirectsunlightperday.Secondly,plantinaplacewithouttoomuchwater.Thirdly,findanenvironmentthatisnotlikelytochange.Avoidplacesthatreceivestrongwinds,floodsortoomuchfoottraffic.

CHOOSINGASMALLPIECEOFLAND

Remember:

It'sbettertobeproudofasmallgardenthanbefrustratedbyabigone!

Oneofthemostcommonerrorsthatbeginnersmakeisplantingtoomuchortoosoon.Planyourgardenwithcare.Startsmall,andonlygrowwhatyouknowyou'lleat.

CHOOSINGVEGETABLES

Manyvegetablesarecommon,productiveplantsthatarerelativelyeasytogrow.Itwouldbewisetocontactyourstate'sCooperativeExtensionService（CES）tofindoutwhatplantsgrowbestinyourarea.Choosewhatyou（andyourfamily）liketoeat.IfnoonelikesBrusselssprouts,don'tplantthem!

Beawareofhowmanyvegetablesyourfamilywilleat.Becarefulnottooverplant.

1．Whichistherightplaceforavegetablegarden?

A．Asmallpieceofsunnyland.

B．Alowerplacenearawaterpool.

C．Alocationwithstrongwinds.

D．Aplacefulloftraffic.

2．Howcanyouchoosethebestplantstogrowaccordingtothetext?

A．Bygoingonlineforinformation.

B．BygettingadvicefromCES.

C．Bysurveyingyourneighbours.

D．Byexperimentingwithvariousvegetables.

3．Whomightbetheintendedreadersofthetext?

A．Expertgardeners.B．Farmers.

C．Gardeningbeginners.D．Housewives.

【答案】

1．A

2．B

3．C

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了蔬菜园艺和规划的基础知识：

如何为你的花园选择合适的地点，如何创建合适大小的花园以及如何选择种植哪些蔬菜。

【详解】

1.细节理解题。

根据“PICKTHERIGHTLOCATION”中“First,plantinasunnylocation,becausemostvegetablesneedatleast6hoursofdirectsunlightperday.”可知，首先，种植在阳光充足的地方，因为大多数蔬菜每天至少需要6个小时的阳光直射。

所以建立蔬菜园要在阳光充足的地方。

选项A与文意相符。

故选A。

2.细节理解题。

根据“CHOOSINGVEGETABLES”中“Itwouldbewisetocontactyourstate'sCooperativeExtensionService（CES）tofindoutwhatplantsgrowbestinyourarea.”可知，明智的做法是联系你所在州的合作推广服务（CES），找出你所在地区哪种植物生长得最好。

所以，咨询你所在州的合作推广服务（CES），可以知道哪种植物在你所在地区生长得最好。

选项B与文意一致。

故选B。

3.推理判断题。

根据第一段中“Readytojumpintogardening?

”（准备好做园艺了吗？

）及“Onthispage,we'llintroducethebasicsofvegetablegardeningandplanning:

howtopicktherightsiteforyourgarden,howtocreatetherightsizegarden,andhowtoselectwhichvegetablestogrow.”（在这一页，我们将介绍蔬菜园艺和规划的基础知识：

如何为你的花园选择合适的地点，如何创建合适大小的花园，以及如何选择种植哪些蔬菜。

）可知，本文的可能对象为那些将要做园艺的初学者。

故选C。

DonzellaWashington,80,graduatedfromAlabamaA&MUniversityonDec.6withabachelor'sdegreeinsocialwork.ShemadehistoryastheoldestgraduateofAlabamaA&Mintheir144-yearhistory.

In2010,hermotherdied,followedbyhersisterandhusband'sdeath,whichallhappenedinthreeyears.Washingtonsaidthathermotivation（动力）behindgoingbacktoschoolwasherhusband,Jeff,whowasoneofherbiggestsupporters.

“Myfathersupportedeverythingshedid,especiallyreturningtoschool,"herdaughter,KimberlyWashington,said.“Althoughmyfatherdidnothaveatraditionalcollegeeducation,heknewthevalueofgainingone.”

BeforemovingtoAlabama,withherdaughterin2012,WashingtonandherhusbandlivedonafarminCalifornia,wheretheyfostered（收养）about30children-includingagroupofsixsiblingsinthe1970'ssothattheycouldstaytogether.

“Ihaveseenherworktirelesslytoachievethisdreamandtofinallybetheretoseeherwasaveryproudmoment.Themostchallengingparthasbeencomfortingherwhenshewasmissingmyfathermost...thosemomentswhenshecriesandallIcandoisholdherandloveonher.Kimberlycontinued.

AnotheroneofthechallengesWashingtonovercamewasastuttering（结巴）problemgrowingup.Soshebegantakingspeechclasses.Then,yearslater,shepickedupsocialworkandbusinessclassesone—by—oneatLawsonStateCommunityCollegebeforetransferringtoAlabamaA&MUniversity.

Now,Washingtonsaidshe'snotslowingdownanytimesoon.Shesaidthatshe'sevenconsideringgoingbacktoschooltogethermaster'sdegree.Inthemeantime,shehopestoprovidevolunteerservicewherevernecessary.

4．WhydidDonzellaWashingtongobacktoschool?

A．Tomakeahistory.

B．Tofindabetterjob.

C．Tosetanexampletoherdaughter.

D．Tomeetherhusband'swish.

5．WhatdifficultydidDonzellaWashingtonhavetoovercome?

A．Thesadnessoverlosingherlovedones.

B．Herweakenedmemory.

C．Challengeoftakingspeechclasses.

D．Slowingdowninwalking.

6．WhichwordscanbestdescribeDonzellaWashington?

A．Determinedandhardworking.B．Easy-goingandsharp.

C．Far-seeingandodd.D．Warm-heartedandpolite.

7．Whichmaybethebesttitleforthetext?

A．EveryroadleadstoRome.

B．It'snevertoolatetoachievedreams.

C．Doingisbetterthansaying.

D．Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.

【答案】

4．D

5．A

6．A

7．B

【分析】

这是一篇记叙文。

通过介绍80岁的Washington在阿拉巴马A&M大学获得社会工作学士学位的事件，充分表明了实现梦想永远不会太晚。

【详解】

1.细节理解题。

根据第二段中“In2010,hermotherdied,followedbyhersisterandhusband'sdeath”（2010年，她母亲去世了，随后她的姐姐和丈夫也去世了）及“Washingtonsaidthathermotivation（动力）behindgoingbacktoschoolwasherhusband,Jeff,whowasoneofherbiggestsupporters.”可知，Washington说她回学校的动机是她的丈夫——杰夫，他是她最大的支持者之一。

所以，Washington回学校是实现她丈夫的愿望。

故选D。

2.细节理解题。

根据第五段中“Themostchallengingparthasbeencomfortingherwhenshewasmissingmyfathermost...”可知，最大的挑战就是安慰她，当她最想念我父亲的时候......。

由此可知，对于Washington而言，必须克服的困难是她失去亲人的悲伤。

故选A。

3.推理判断题。

结合第五段中“Ihaveseenherworktirelesslytoachievethisdream”（我看到她为了实现这个梦想，不知疲倦地工作。

）可推知，Washington是努力工作的；根据倒数第二段中“AnotheroneofthechallengesWashingtonovercamewasastuttering（结巴）problemgrowingup.Soshebegantakingspeechclasses.Then,yearslater,shepickedupsocialworkandbusinessclassesone—by—oneatLawsonStateCommunityCollegebeforetransferringtoAlabamaA&MUniversity.”（Washington克服的另一个挑战是，在成长过程中出现的口吃问题，所以她开始上演讲课。

几年后，她在劳森州立大学先后学习社会工作和商业课程，之后转到了巴拿马农工大学）可推知，Washington是意志坚定的。

综上可知，选项A与文意相符，故选A。

4.主旨大意题。

根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段中“DonzellaWashington,80,graduatedfromAlabamaA&MUniversityonDec.6withabachelor'sdegreeinsocialwork.”（80岁的Donzellawashington于12月6日毕业于阿拉巴马A&M大学，获得社会工作学士学位。

）及最后一段中“Shesaidthatshe'sevenconsideringgoingbacktoschooltogethermaster'sdegree.”（她说她甚至在考虑回学校拿硕士学位。

）可知，文章通过主人公Washington的事例，充分表明了实现梦想永远不会太晚。

B项“实现梦想永远不会太晚”可以作为本文最佳标题。

故选B。

Peoplehavemanydifferentwaystorelaxduringbreaktimeatworkorschool.Smartphonesareprobablythenumberonechoiceforaquickmentalvacation.Althoughitmightseemlikeagoodtime,theresultisopposite,accordingtoarecentpsychologicalstudyfromRutgersUniversity.

Forthestudy,morethan400studentswereaskedtofinishasetof20wordpuzzles.Halfwaythoughthetask,thestudentsweredividedintothreegroups.Onegroupwasallowedtotakeabreakandusecellphonestobuythingsonline.Thesecondgroupwasaskedtohavearestandbuythingsusingacomputer.Thelastgroupdidn'ttakeanybreakatall.

Surprisingly,thegroupthatusedtheircellphonesduringthebreakwentbacktoworkfeelingthemosttiredandleastmotivatedtocontinue.Theyalsohadthehardesttimesolvingtheremainingwordpuzzles.

TerriKurtzberg,co-authorofthestudy,explainedthattheyassumedlookingatcellphonesduringabreakwouldbenodifferentfromanyotherbreak—butinstead,thephonemaycauseincreasinglevelsofdistractionthatmakeitdifficulttoreturnfocusedattentiontoworktasks.

“Cellphonesmayhavethiseffectbecauseevenjustseeingyourphoneactivatesthoughtsofcheckingmessages,connectingwithpeople,andmore,inwaysthataredifferentthanhowweuseotherscreenslikecomputers,andlaptops,"Kurtzbergsaid.

ThisisechoedbyarecentstudyfromtheUSUniversityofChicago.Itfoundthatevenifcellphonesareturnedofforturnedfacedown,theirmerepresencereducesaperson'scognitivecapacity.

8．Whatcanwelearnfromthestudy?

A．Theparticipantsweredividedintogroupsatthebeginning.

B．Thelastgrouphadthehardesttimesolvingthewordpuzzles.

C．Computersandlaptopscausemoredistraction.

D．Cellphonesmaymakepeoplelessfocusedonwork.

9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“echoed”inthelastparagraphmean?

A．Agreed.B．Remembered.C．Overcome.D．Complained.

10．Whatsuggestionwilltheauthorgiveinthefollowingparagraph?

A．Tryputtingyoursmartphoneawayduringyournextbreak.

B．Usingcomputerstoshoponlineratherthancellphones.

C．Stopcheckingmessagesandconnectingwithpeoplebycellphone.

D．Turningoffyourcellphoneduringworktime.

11．What'sthetextmainlyabout?

A．Waystorelaxforstudents.B．Theresultfromaword-puzzlegame.

C．Astudyonusingsmart-phonestorelax.D．Effectsbroughtbythesmart-phone.

【答案】

8．D

9．A

10．A

11．C

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。

文章主要说明了最近的一项心理学研究表明，在休息时间玩手机，可能会使人们无法再次专心于工作。

文章介绍了这项研究开展的过程以及发现，同时其他大学的最新研究也证实了这一点。

8．

细节理解题。

根据第三段中“Surprisingly,thegroupthatusedtheircellphonesduringthebreakwentbacktoworkfeelingthemosttiredandleastmotivatedtocontinue.Theyalsohadthehardesttimesolvingtheremainingwordpuzzles.（令人惊讶的是，在休息期间使用手机的那组人在返回工作时感到最累，也最没有动力继续工作。

他们也最难解决剩下的字谜）”以及第四段“TerriKurtzberg,co-authorofthestudy,explainedthattheyassumedlookingatcellphonesduringabreakwouldbenodifferentfromanyotherbreak—butinstead,thephonemaycauseincreasinglevelsofdistractionthatma