维也纳条约法公约中英文版.docx

维也纳条约法公约中英文版.docx

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维也纳条约法公约中英文版

ViennaConventionontheLawofTreaties1969

维也纳条约法公约

TheStatesPartiestothepresentConvention,

本公约各当事国，

Consideringthefundamentalroleoftreatiesinthehistoryofinternationalrelations,

鉴于条约在国际关系历史上之基本地位，

Recognizingtheever-increasingimportanceoftreatiesasasourceofinternationallawandasameansofdevelopingpeacefulcooperationamongnations,whatevertheirconstitutionalandsocialsystems,

承认条约为国际法渊源之一，且为各国间不分宪法及社会制度发展和平合作之工具，其重要性日益增加，

Notingthattheprinciplesoffreeconsentandofgoodfaithandthepactasuntservandaruleareuniversallyrecognized,

鉴悉自由同意与善意之原则以及条约必须遵守规则及举世所承认，

Affirmingthatdisputesconcerningtreaties,likeotherinternationaldisputes,shouldbesettledbypeacefulmeansandinconformitywiththeprinciplesofjusticeandinternationallaw,

确认凡关于条约之争端与其他国际争端同，皆应以和平方法且依正义及国际法之原则解决之，

RecallingthedeterminationofthepeoplesoftheUnitedNationstoestablishconditionsunderwhichjusticeandrespectfortheobligationsarisingfromtreatiescanbemaintained,

念及联合国人民同兹决心创造适当环境俾克维持正义及尊重由条约而起之义务，

HavinginmindtheprinciplesofinternationallawembodiedintheCharteroftheUnitedNations,suchastheprinciplesoftheequalrightsandself-determinationofpeoples,ofthesovereignequalityandindependenceofallStates,ofnon-interferenceinthedomesticaffairsofStates,oftheprohibitionofthethreatoruseofforceandofuniversalrespectfor,andobservanceof,humanrightsandfundamentalfreedomsforall,

鉴及联合国宪章所载之国际法原则，诸如人民平等权利及自决，所有国家主权平等及独立，不干涉各国内政，禁止使用威胁或武力以及普遍尊重与遵守全体人类之人权及基本自由等原则。

BelievingthatthecodificationandprogressivedevelopmentofthelawoftreatiesachievedinthepresentConventionwillpromotethepurposesoftheUnitedNationssetforthintheCharter,namely,themaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurity,thedevelopmentoffriendlyrelationsandtheachievementofcooperationamongnations,

深信本公约所达成之条约法之编纂及逐渐发展可促进宪章所揭示之联合国宗旨，即维持国际和平与安全，发展国际间之友好关系并达成其彼此合作，

AffirmingthattherulesofcustomaryinternationallawwillcontinuetogovernquestionsnotregulatedbytheprovisionsofthepresentConvention,

确认凡未经本公约各条规定之问题，将仍以国际习惯法规则为准，

Haveagreedasfollows:

爰议定条款如下：

PARTI.INTRODUCTION

第一编导言

Article1ScopeofthepresentConvention

第一条本公约之范围

ThepresentConventionappliestotreatiesbetweenStates.

本公约适用于国家间之条约。

Article2Useofterms

第二条用语

1.ForthepurposesofthepresentConvention:

一、就适用本公约而言：

（i）“treaty”meansaninternationalagreementconcludedbetweenStatesinwrittenformandgovernedbyinternationallaw,whetherembodiedinasingleinstrumentorintwoormorerelatedinstrumentsandwhateveritsparticulardesignation;

（甲）称‘条约’者，谓国家间所缔结而以国际法为准之国际书面协定，不论其载于一项单独文书或两项以上相互有关之文书内，亦不论其特定名称如何；

（ii）“ratification”,“acceptance”,“approval”and“accession”meanineachcasetheinternationalactsonamedwherebyaStateestablishesontheinternationalplaneitsconsenttobeboundbyatreaty;

（乙）称‘批准’，‘接受’，‘赞同’及‘加入’者，各依本义指一国据以在国际上确定其同意受条约拘束之国际行为；

（iii）“fullpowers”meansadocumentemanatingfromthecompetentauthorityofaStatedesignatingapersonorpersonstorepresenttheStatefornegotiating,adoptingorauthenticatingthetextofatreaty,forexpressingtheconsentoftheStatetobeboundbyatreaty,orforaccomplishinganyotheractwithrespecttoatreaty;

（丙）称‘全权证书’者，谓一国主管当局所颁发，指派一人或数人代表该国谈判，议定或认证条约约文，表示该国同意受条约拘束，或完成有关条约之任何其他行为之文件；

（iv）“reservation”meansaunilateralstatement,howeverphrasedornamed,madebyaState,whensigning,ratifying,accepting,approvingoraccedingtoatreaty,wherebyitpurportstoexcludeortomodifythelegaleffectofcertainprovisionsofthetreatyintheirapplicationtothatState;

（丁）称‘保留’者，谓一国于签署，批准、接受、赞同或加入条约时所做之片面声明，不论措辞或名称如何，其目的在摒除或更改条约中若干规定对该国适用时之法律效果；

（v）“negotiatingState”meansaStatewhichtookpartinthedrawingupandadoptionofthetextofthetreaty;

（戊）称‘谈判国’者，谓参与草拟及议定条约约文之国家；

（vi）“contractingState”meansaStatewhichhasconsentedtobeboundbythetreaty,whetherornotthetreatyhasenteredintoforce;

（己）称‘缔约国’者，谓不问条约已未生效，同意受条约拘束之国家；

（vii）“party”meansaStatewhichhasconsentedtobeboundbythetreatyandforwhichthetreatyisinforce;

（庚）称‘当事国’者，谓同意承受条约拘束及条约对其有效之国家；

（viii）“thirdState”meansaStatenotapartytothetreaty;

（辛）称‘第三国’者，谓非条约当事国之国家；

（ix）“internationalorganization”meansanintergovernmentalorganization.

（壬）称‘国际组织’者，谓政府间之组织。

2.Theprovisionsofparagraph1regardingtheuseoftermsinthepresentConventionarewithoutprejudicetotheuseofthosetermsortothemeaningswhichmaybegiventothemintheinternallawofanyState.

二、第一项关于本公约内各项用语之规定不妨碍此等用语，在任何国家国内法上之使用或所具有之意义。

Article3InternationalagreementsnotwithinthescopeofthepresentConvention

第三条不属本公约范围之国际协定

ThefactthatthepresentConventiondoesnotapplytointernationalagreementsconcludedbetweenStatesandothersubjectsofinternationallaworbetweensuchothersubjectsofinternationallaw,ortointernationalagreementsnotinwrittenform,shallnotaffect:

本公约不适用于国家与其他国际法主体间所缔结之国际协定或此种其他国际法主体间之国际协定或非书面国际协定，此一事实并不影响：

（a）thelegalforceofsuchagreements;

（甲）此类协定之法律效力；

（b）theapplicationtothemofanyoftherulessetforthinthepresentConventiontowhichtheywouldbesubjectunderinternationallawindependentlyoftheConvention;

（乙）本公约所载任何规则之依照国际法而毋须基于本公约原应适用于此类协定者，对于此类协定之适用；

（c）theapplicationoftheConventiontotherelationsofStatesasbetweenthemselvesunderinternationalagreementstowhichothersubjectsofinternationallawarealsoparties.

（丙）本公约之适用于国家间以亦有其他国际法主体为其当事者之国际协定为根据之彼此关系。

Article4Non-retroactivityofthepresentConvention

第四条本公约不溯既往

WithoutprejudicetotheapplicationofanyrulessetforthinthepresentConventiontowhichtreatieswouldbesubjectunderinternationallawindependentlyoftheConvention,theConventionappliesonlytotreatieswhichareconcludedbyStatesaftertheentryintoforceofthepresentConventionwithregardtosuchStates.

以不妨碍本公约所载任何规则之依国际法而毋须基于本公约原应适用于条约者之适用为限，本公约仅对各国于本公约对各该国生效后所缔结之条约适用之。

Article5Treatiesconstitutinginternationalorganizationsandtreatiesadoptedwithinaninternationalorganization

第五条组成国际组织之条约及在一国际组织内议定之条约

ThepresentConventionappliestoanytreatywhichistheconstituentinstrumentofaninternationalorganizationandtoanytreatyadoptedwithinaninternationalorganizationwithoutprejudicetoanyrelevantrulesoftheorganization.

本公约适用于为一国际组织组织约章之任何条约及在一国际组织内议定之任何条约，但对该组织任何有关规则并无妨碍。

PARTII.CONCLUSIONANDENTRYINTOFORCEOFTREATIES

第二编条约之缔结及生效

SECTION1.CONCLUSIONOFTREATIES

第一节条约之缔结

Article6CapacityofStatestoconcludetreaties

第六条国家缔结条约之能力

EveryStatepossessescapacitytoconcludetreaties.

每一国家皆有缔结条约之能力。

Article7Fullpowers

第七条全权证书

1.ApersonisconsideredasrepresentingaStateforthepurposeofadoptingorauthenticatingthetextofatreatyorforthepurposeofexpressingtheconsentoftheStatetobeboundbyatreatyif:

一、任一人员如有下列情况之一，视为代表一国议定或认证条约约文或表示该国承受条约拘束之同意：

（a）heproducesappropriatefullpowers;or

（甲）出具适当之全权证书；或

（b）itappearsfromthepracticeoftheStatesconcernedorfromothercircumstancesthattheirintentionwastoconsiderthatpersonasrepresentingtheStateforsuchpurposesandtodispensewithfullpowers.

（乙）由于有关国家之惯例或由于其他情况可见其此等国家之意思系认为该人员为此事代表该国而可免除全权证书。

2.Invirtueoftheirfunctionsandwithouthavingtoproducefullpowers,thefollowingareconsideredasrepresentingtheirState:

二、下列人员由于所任职务毋须出具全权证书，视为代表其国家：

（a）HeadsofState,HeadsofGovernmentandMinistersforForeignAffairs,forthepurposeofperformingallactsrelatingtotheconclusionofatreaty;

（甲）国家元首，政府首长及外交部长，为实施关于缔结条约之一切行为；

（b）headsofdiplomaticmissions,forthepurposeofadoptingthetextofatreatybetweentheaccreditingStateandtheStatetowhichtheyareaccredited;

（乙）使馆馆长、为议定派遣国与驻在国间条约约文；

（c）representativesaccreditedbyStatestoaninternationalconferenceortoaninternationalorganizationoroneofitsorgans,forthepurposeofadoptingthetextofatreatyinthatconference,organizationororgan.

（丙）国家派往国际会议或派驻国际组织或该国际组织一机关之代表，为议定在该会议，组织或机关内议定之条约约文。

Article8Subsequentconfirmationofanactperformedwithoutauthorization

第八条XX所实施行为之事后确认

Anactrelatingtotheconclusionofatreatyperformedbyapersonwhocannotbeconsideredunderarticle7asauthorizedtorepresentaStateforthatpurposeiswithoutlegaleffectunlessafterwardsconfirmedbythatState.

关于缔结条约之行为系依第七条不能视为经授权为此事代表一国之人员所实施者，非经该国事后确认，不发生法律效果。

Article9Adoptionofthetext

第九条约文之议定

1.TheadoptionofthetextofatreatytakesplacebytheconsentofalltheStatesparticipatinginitsdrawingupexceptasprovidedinparagraph2.

一、除依第二项之规定外，议定条约约文应以所有参加草拟约文国家之同意为之。

2.TheadoptionofthetextofatreatyataninternationalconferencetakesplacebythevoteoftwothirdsoftheStatespresentandvoting,unlessbythesamemajoritytheyshalldecidetoapplyadifferentrule.

二、国际会议议定条约之约文应以出席及参加表决国家三分之二多数之表决为之，但此等国家以同样多数决定适用另一规则者不在此限。

Article10Authenticationofthetext

第十条约文之认证

Thetextofatreatyisestablishedasauthenticanddefinitive:

条约约文依下列方法确定为作准定本：

（a）bysuchprocedureasmaybeprovidedforinthetextoragreeduponbytheStatesparticipatinginitsdrawingup;or

（甲）依约文所载或经参加草拟约文国家协议之程序；或

（b）failingsuchprocedure,bythesignature,signatureadreferendumorinitiallingbytherepresentativesofthoseStatesofthetextofthetreatyoroftheFinalActofaconferenceincorporatingthetext.

（乙）倘无此项程序，由此等国家代表在条约约文上，或在载有约文之会议最后文件上签署，作待核准之签署或草签。

Article11Meansofexpressingconsenttobeboundbyatreaty

第十一条表示同意承受条约拘束之方式

TheconsentofaStatetobeboundbyatreatymaybeexpressedbysignature,exchangeofinstrumentsconstitutingatreaty,ratification,acceptance,approvaloraccession,orbyanyother