专业英语八级阅读理解专项试题四.docx

专业英语八级阅读理解专项试题四.docx

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专业英语八级阅读理解专项试题四

专业英语八级-阅读理解专项试题（四）

一、ReadingComprehension（Comprehension）（共55小题,共55.0分）Inthissectiontherearefourpassagesfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswer.MarkyouranswersonAnswerSheetTwo.

第1题

DiscussionoftheassimilationofPuertoRicansintheUnitedStateshasfocusedontwofactors:

socialstandingandthelossofnationalculture.Ingeneral,excessivestressisplacedononefactorortheother,dependingonwhetherthecommentatorisNorthAmericanorPuertoRican.ManyNorthAmericansocialscientists,suchasOscarHandlin,JosephFitzpatrick,andOscarLewis,considerPuertoRicansthemostrecentinalonglineofethnicentrantstooccupythelowestrungonthesocialladder.Sucha"sociodemographic"approachtendstoregardassimilationasabenignprocess,takingforgrantedincreasedeconomicadvantageandinevitableculturalintegration,inasupposedlyegalitariancontext.However,thisapproachfailstotakeintoaccountthecolonialnatureofthePuertoRicancase,withthisgroup,unliketheirEuropeanpredecessors,comingfromanationpoliticallysubordinatedtotheUnitedStates.Eventhe"radical"critiquesofthismainstreamresearchmodel,suchasthecritiquedevelopedinDividedSociety,attachtheissueofethnicassimilationtoomechanicallytofactorsofeconomicandsocialmobilityandarethusunabletoillustratetheculturalsubordinationifPuertoRicansasacolonialminority.

Incontrast,the"colonialist"approachofisland-basedwriterssuchasEduardoSedaBonilla,ManuelMaldonado-Denis,andLuisNieves-Falcontendstoviewassimilationastheforcedlossofnationalcultureinanunequalcontestwithimposedforeignvalues.Thereis,ofcourse,astrongtraditionofculturalaccommodationamongotherPuertoRicanthinkers.ThewritingsofEugenioFernandezMendezclearlyexemplifythistradition,andmanysupportersofPuertoRico'scommonwealthstatussharethesameuniversalizingorientation.ButthePuertoRicanintellectualswhohavewrittenmostabouttheassimilationprocessintheUnitedStatesalladvanceculturalnationalistviews,advocatingthepreservationofminorityculturaldistinctionsandrejectingwhattheyseeasthesubjugationofcolonialnationalities.

Thisculturalandpoliticalemphasisisappropriate,butthecolonialistthinkersmisdirectit,overlookingtheclassrelationsatworkinbothPuertoRicanandNorthAmericanhistory.Theyposetheclashofnationalcultureasanabsolutepolarity,witheachcultureunderstoodasstaticandundifferentiated.YetboththePuertoRicanandNorthAmericantraditionshavebeensubjecttoconstantchallengefromculturalforceswithintheirownsocieties,forcesthatmaymovetowardeachotherinwaysthatcannotbewrittenoffasmere"assimilation".Consider,forexample,theindigenousandAfroCaribbeantraditionsinPuertoRicancultureandhowtheyinfluenceandareinfluencedbyotherCaribbeanculturesandBlackculturesintheUnitedStates.Theelementsofcoercionandinequality,socentraltoculturalcontactaccordingtothecolonialistframework,playnoroleinthiskindofconvergenceofraciallyandethnicallydifferentelementsofthesamesocialclass.

Theauthor'smainpurposeisto______.

AcriticizetheemphasisonsocialstandingindiscussionsoftheassimilationofPuertoRicansintheUnitedStates

BsupportthethesisthatassimilationhasnotbeenabenignprocessforPuertoRicans

CdefendaviewoftheassimilationofPuertoRicansthatemphasizesthepreservationofnationalculture

DindicatedeficienciesintwoschoolsifthoughtsintheassimilationofPuertoRicansintheUnitedStates

【正确答案】：

D

【本题分数】：

1.0分

【答案解析】

主旨题。

题干问的是作者的主要目的是什么，纵观全文，都是在说明指出了两个学派对于如果美国的波多黎各人同化的思想的不足之处。

所以选D。

第2题

Accordingtothepassage,culturalaccommodationispromotedby

AEduardoSeda-Bonilla

BManuelMaldonado-Denis

CTheauthorofDividedSociety

DManysupportersofPuertoRico'scommonwealthstatus

【正确答案】：

D

【本题分数】：

1.0分

【答案解析】

细节题。

这道题难度不大，出处在第二段的“ThewritingsofEugenioFernandezMendezclearlyexemplifythistradition,andmanysupportersofPuertoRico'scommonwealthstatussharethesameuniversalizingorientation.”，由此可见，许多波多黎各联邦地位的支持者促进文化适应，选D。

A和B原文有提及，但不是题干问题答案，C也不对。

第3题

ItcanbeinferredformthepassagethatawritersuchasEugenioFernandezMendezwouldmostlikelyagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatementsconcerningmembersofminorityethnicgroups?

AItisnecessaryforthemembersofsuchgroupstoadapttothecultureofthemajority.

BThemembersofsuchgroupsgenerallyencounteraculturethatisstaticandundifferentiated.

CSocialmobilityisthemostimportantfeatureoftheexperienceofmembersofsuchgroups.

DSocialscientistsshouldemphasizetheculturalandpoliticalaspectsofthe