山东省潍坊市届高三第一次模拟考试英语Word版含答案.docx
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山东省潍坊市届高三第一次模拟考试英语Word版含答案
高三英语模拟试题
满分为150分。
考试用时为120分钟。
第I卷(共100分)
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1.答第I卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目涂写在答题卡上。
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不能答在试卷上。
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题,每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
ShakeShackisanewkindofrestaurantbecomingmorepopularintheU.S.Therestaurantsarenot“fastfood”.Theyareknownas“fastcasual”.
ObserverssayAmericanswantmorechoicesandfreshfoodwhenchoosingwhereandwhattoeat.ThistrendisonereasonwhythefastfoodrestaurantMcDonald’shasstruggledfinancially.Inthelastquarterof2014,McDonald’snetincomedroppedbyabout$300million.TheJanuaryearningsreportbroughtmorebadnews.Worldwidesalesdroppedfortheeighthmonthinarowandevenmorethanexpected.WhileMcDonald’sisstrugglingtogettheircustomersback,ShakeShack,isdoingwellinmakingmoney.TheNewYork-basedburgerchainhadaverysuccessfulIPO,orinitialpublicoffering,ofsharesattheendofJanuary.Onitsfirstdayoftrading,ShakeShackwentfrom$21asharetojustunder$46ashare.Beingpartofthe“fastcasual”trendhashelpedShakeShack.OtherfastcasualrestaurantsintheU.S.includeChipotleandPanera.
BonnieRiggs,arestaurantexpertwithNPDhasstudiedAmericans’restauranthabitsforalmost30years.ShesaysonereasonwhyAmericanslikefastcasualfoodisthatit’snew.It’screative,it’ssomethingdifferentandpeopleliketotrynewthings.HerstudyshowsAmericansmade61billionvisitstorestaurantslastyear.Threeoutoffourvisitsweretofastfoodrestaurants,likeMcDonald’s.Fastcasualisstillasmallpercentageofrestaurantvisits,butithasdevelopedfast.JustasMs.Riggssays,“It’sgrowingbyleapsandbounds,becausetheymeetconsumers’needs.Theyknowit’sbeingpreparedwhiletheywait,it’sfresh,qualityfood,goodtastingfoodatwhattheysayarereasonableandaffordableprices.”
ManyAmericansstillliketheirfastfood.Theyjustarenotgoingasoften.Theyarefindingotherwaystohaveameal.
1.What’sthetroublewithMcDonald’s?
A.Itssharegoesdownto$21.B.ShakeShackhastakenitsplace.
C.It’snotpopularwithAmericans.D.Itssalesandincomehavedropped.
2.WecanlearnfromBonnieRiggsthatAmericans________.
A.liketotrysomethingnewB.careonlyaboutthequality
C.don’tlikefastfoodanymoreD.paymorerestaurantvisitstofastcasual
3.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“byleapsandbounds”inPara.3mean?
A.Steadily.B.Rapidly.C.Slowly.D.Normally.
4.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesfastcasual?
A.Fresh-madeandtasty.B.High-qualityandexpensive.
C.Farm-to-tableandtraditional.D.Time-consumingandspecial.
B
Fordecades,theSanFranciscoBayareahasbeentheheartofthecomputertechnologyindustry.ManyofthebiggesttechnologycompanieshavetheirheadquartersintheareacalledSiliconValley.Buttheareahasnotalwaysbeenassociatedwithcharity(慈善).
Now,anewgenerationofentrepreneurs(企业家)appearstobechangingSiliconValley.OneexampleisMarcBenioff,adonor(捐赠者),whohascalledonwealthydonorstogivemoretotheircommunities.HealsoisthefounderofSalesforce.com,acomputerservicescompanyinSanFranciscowhohashelpedbuildachildren’shospitalandgivenmillionsofdollarstonon-profitorganizationsinthecity.
Moneyfromthetechnologyindustryhasalsostartedtochangethefaceofcharity.BenjaminSoskiswritesaboutthehistoryandideasbehindcharityinAmerica.HisarticleshaveappearedinTheAtlanticmagazineandanumberofmajorpublications.Hesays,traditionally,donorshavegivenaftertheyspentmuchoftheirlivesbuildingupwealth.Usuallydonorsareintheir70s.Butanincreasingnumberofpeopleappearingonthelistoftopdonorsareyoungerthan40yearsofage.BenjaminSoskissaysthatissomethingnew.“There’sawholenewmodelthat’sappearinginwhichpeoplegiveandaccumulateatthesametime.”
Someoftheyoungdonorsonthisyear'stop50listhavestartedtochangeinthewaypeopleseecharity.ThatisespeciallythecaseintheSanFranciscoarea,wheregivingmoneyandmakingmoneyappeartobecomingtogether.“Ithinkit'sfairtosaythatcharityisnowapartoftheSiliconValleyidentity.”
25.WhatistrueofMarcBenioff?
A.Hejoinedanon-profitorganization.B.Headviseddonorstobuildhospitals.
C.HemadeSanFranciscoacityofcharity.D.HesetupthecompanyofSalesforce.com.
26.WhatisspecialaboutthedonorsofSiliconValley?
A.Theyprefertogiveratherthanmakemoney.B.Theygiveafteraccumulatingalotofwealth.
C.Theyaremuchyoungerthantheusualdonors.D.Theydonatemoremoneytotheircommunities.
27.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.TheageofcharityB.Thechangingfacesofcharity
C.InsearchofnewfacesD.Fromcomputerbasetocharitycentre
C
Canyouimagineaworldwithoutchocolate?
It'snotsomethingI'd1iketodo.soIwasrelievedtoreadthatthere’sauniversitywithaprogrammetosafeguardthefutureofchocolate!
TheUniversityofReading,inEngland,hasjustopenedanewclearinghouseforalltheworld’snewcocoavarieties.Theymustbequarantined(隔离检疫)beforetheycanbegrown.Why?
Cocoaproductionhitarecordhighof4.4milliontonslastyearbutabout30%ofthepreciouscropisregularlylosttopestsanddiseases.Nowwedon’twantthat,dowe?
Demandforchocolatehasbeenincreasingfasterthantheworldsupplyofcocoaandresearchersthinkthatnewvarietiesarekeytosolvingthisproblem.
TheUniversityofReadinghasbeenprotectingthequalityofthenewcropssince1985,afterittookoverthetaskfromtheRoyalBotanicalGardensinKew,London.Andithasimproveditsfacilities.Theleaderoftheinstitution’scocoaproject,ProfessorPaulHadley,says,“Oneofthemainissuesconcerningcocoaimprovementisthesupplyofreliablyclean,healthy,interestingcocoamaterial.”
Thecocoacentrehasacollectionof400plantvarietiesandtheirgreenhouseusesalotofenergytokeepthemintropicalconditions.Afteruptotwoyearsinquarantine,cleanandsafeseedsaresenttosome20countries,includingseveralinWestAfrica.That’swhere75%ofthecocoausedforchocolateworldwidecomesfrom.Thecropisextremelyimportantforthelocaleconomy:
itemploysabouttwomillionpeople.
ProfessorHadleysaysheworkswithasmallteamofskilledtechnicianswholookafterthecollection.Andmoreofusseemtocountonthemnow.
Thescientistsays,“thereissomeconcernwithintheindustrythatdemandisincreasingconstantly,particularlyincountrieslikeChina,wherethestandardoflivingisincreasingandpeoplearegettingatastefordifferentchocolates.”
1.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?
A.Safeguardingcocoaseeds.B.Plantingcocoaworldwide.
C.Keepingcocoaingreenhouse.D.Findingthenewmarketforcocoa.
2.Theinstitution’scocoaprojectisto_______.
A.havecocoaskinremovedB.offermorejobstopeople
C.ensurethequalityofcocoaD.supplycocoafortwomillionpeople
3.Whatdoesthelastparagraphtellus?
A.Thetasteofchocolatesischanging.B.Demandforcocoaisincreasingfast.
C.Peopleareconcernedaboutcocoavarieties.D.Chinesehavealonghistoryofeatingchocolates.
4.What’sthepurposeofthetext?
A.Toeducate.B.Toadvertise.C.Towarn.D.Toinform.
D
Thepoaching,orillegalkilling,ofrhinos(犀牛)inSouthAfricaisgrowingworseeachyear.Thegovernmentrecentlyreportedthatarecordnumberofrhinoswerepoachedin2014,ayearwhichhadmorerhinokillingsinSouthAfricathaneverbefore.
TheWorldWildlifeFund,orWWF,saysabout20,000rhinosliveinSouthAfrica.Thatismorethan80percentoftherhinosintheworld.EdnaMolewa,SouthAfrica’senvironmentalissuesminister,says,“During2014,wearesadtosaythis,1,215rhinoswerekilled.Thisisariseinthenumberofpoachedrhinosfrom1004in2013andindeedveryworrying.”
Theanimalsarehuntedfortheirhorns(犀牛角).ManypeopleinAsiabelievethehornhascuringpower,whichdrivespoachers,atallcosts,madformorehorns.Butthereisnoscientificevidenceforthisbelief.Thehornismadeofkeratin.Thatisthesamethingashumanhair,fingernailsandtoenails.
Ms.Mo1ewasaid386suspectedpoacherswerearrestedlastyear,anincreasefromtheyearbefore.Butrhinoprotectionworkerssaypoachersoftengounpunishedafterarrest.SouthAfrica’slegalsystemisineffective.Ms.MolewasaidmoreneedstobedoneandSouthAfricaistakingstrongmeasurestoprotectrhinos.Theeffortsincludemovingsomeoftheanimalstosecretplacesinneighboringcountries.“Nowapproximately100rhinoshavebeenmovedtoneighboringstatesintheSADCregionduring2014and200morerhinoswillbemovedthisyear”Molewasaid.
JoShaw,therhinoprogrammanagerattheWWF,said,“we’retalkingaboutalossofahundredrhinosamonth.Ormorethanthreeaday.Wereallyneedtoseeeffectiveactionnotjustatanationallevelbutinternationally.”Shesaysofficialsshouldfindthecriminalgroupsresponsibleforthepoachingandpunishthem.GovernmentofficialsaretomeetinBotswanainMarchattheInter-governmentalConferenceonIllegalWildlifeTrade.
32.Whatdoweknowaboutrhinos?
A.HalfoftherhinosliveinSouthAfrica.B.Lessthan1,000rhinoswerekilledin2013.
C.Thekillingreachedthehighestpointin2014.D.Thereareonly20,000rhinosleftintheworld.
33.Whatisthemainreasonforpeopletohuntrhinos?
A.Togetmorekeratin.B.Toprotectthefarmland.
C.Tousethemfordecoration.D.Tomakemoneyfromhorns.
34.JoShawthinksthat_________.
A.manycriminalgroupsarewellorganizedB.newlawsareneededtopunishthekillers