北京航空航天大学考博英语1doc.docx

北京航空航天大学考博英语1doc.docx

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北京航空航天大学考博英语1doc

北京航空航天大学考博英语-1

（总分：

90.00，做题时间：

90分钟）

一、{{B}}PartⅠListenin（总题数：

4，分数：

20.00）

{{B}}PartⅡReadingComprehension{{/B}}

Directions:

Therearefourpassagesinthepart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthem,thereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Readthepassagescarefullyanddecideonthebestchoice.

Passage1

OnesillyquestionIsimplycannottolerateis"Howdoyoufeel?

"Usuallythequestionisaskedofamaninaction-amanwalkingalongthestreet,orbusilyworkingathisdesk.Sowhatdoyouexpecthimtosay?

He'llprobablysay,"Fine,I'manright."Butyouhaveputahugahisear-maybenowheisnotsure.Ifyouarehisgoodfriend,youmayhaveseensomethingonhisface,orinhiswalk,thatheover-lookedthatmorning.Itmakeshimworryingalittle.Helooksinamirrortoseeifeverythingisallright,whileyougomerrilyonyourwayaskingsomeoneelse,"Howdoyoufeel?

"

Everyquestionhasitstimeandplace.It'sperfectlyacceptable,forinstance,toask"Howdoyoufeel?

"ifyouarevisitingaclosefriendinthehospital.Butifthefellowiswalkingonbothlegs,hurryingtotakeatrainorsittingathisdeskworking,it'snotimetoaskhimthatsillyquestion.

WhenGeorgeBernardShaw,thefamousBritishwriterofplayswasinhiseighties,someoneaskedhim,"Howdoyoufeel?

"Shawputhiminhisplace."Whenyoureachmyage,"hesaid,"eitheryoufeelallrightoryouaredead."

（分数：

5.00）

（1）.Accordingtothewriter,greetings,suchas"Howdoyoufeel?

"（分数：

1.00）

 A.showone'sconsiderationforothers

 B.areagoodwaytomakefriends

 C.arepropertoaskamaninaction

 D.generallymakeonefeeluneasy

（2）.Thequestion"Howdoyoufeel?

"seemstobecorrectandsuitablewhenaskedof______.（分数：

1.00）

 A.afriendwhoisill

 B.apersonwhohaslostaclosefriend

 C.astrangerwholookssomewhatworried

 D.amanwhoisworkingathisdesk

（3）.GeorgeBernardShaw'sreplyinthispassageshowshis______.（分数：

1.00）

 A.silliness

 B.cleverness

 C.carelessness

 D.politeness

（4）."Youhaveputabuginhisear"meansthatyouhave______.（分数：

1.00）

 A.madehimlaugh

 B.shownconcernforhim

 C.madefunofhim

 D.givenhimsomekindofwarning

（5）.Thispassagecanbeentitled______.（分数：

1.00）

 A.ASillyQuestion

 B.Don'tTroubleaBusyMan

 C.WhatAreGoodGreetings

 D.GeorgeBernardShaw'sReply

Passage2

Inrecentyearsmanycountriesoftheworldhavebeenfacedwiththeproblemofhowtomaketheirworkersmoreproductive.Someexpertsclaimtheansweristomakejobsmorevaried.Butdomorevariedjobsleadtogreaterproductivity?

Theevidenceshowsthatwhilevarietycertainlymakestheworker'slifemoreenjoyable,itdoesnotactuallymakehimworkharder.Asfarasincreasingproductivityisconcerned,then,varietyisnotanimportantfactor.

Otherexpertsfeelthatgivingtheworkerfreedomtodohisjobinhisownwayisimportant.Thereisnodoubtthatthisistrue.Theproblemisthatthiskindoffreedomcannoteasilybegiveninthemodemfactorywithitscomplicatedmachinerywhichmustbeusedinafixedway.Thus,althoughfreedomofchoicemaybeimportant,usuallyverylittlecanbedonetocreateit.

Anotherimportantconsiderationishowmuchaworkercontributestotheproductheismaking.InmostfactoriestheworkerseesonlyonesmallpartoftheproduceSomecarfactoriesarenowexperimentingwithhavingmanysmallproductionlinesratherthanalargeone,sothateachworkercontributesmoretotheproductionofthecarsonhisline.Itwouldseemthatnotonlyisdegreeoftheworker'scontributionanimportantfactor,therefore,butitisalsoonewecandosomethingabout.

Towhatextentdoesmoremoneyleadtogreaterproductivity?

Theworkersthemselvescertainlythinkthisisimportant.Butperhapstheywantmoremoneyonlybecausetheworktheydoissoboring.Moneyjustletsthemenjoytheirsparetimemore.Asimilarargumentmayexplaindemandsforshorterworkinghours.Perhapsifwemaketheirjobsmoreinteresting,theywillwantneithermoremoneynorshorterworkinghours.

（分数：

5.00）

（1）.Variedjobs,inwriter'sopinion,will______.（分数：

1.00）

 A.offergreaterproductivity

 B.driveworkerstoworkharder

 C.makeworkersmoreproductive

 D.makeworker'slifemoreenjoyable,butdonotmakethemmorehardworking

（2）.Accordingtothepassage,freedomcannotbeeasilygivensince______.（分数：

1.00）

 A.itisinnotwhatworkerscareabout

 B.ithasnothingtodowithincreasingproductivity

 C.freedomwilldoharmtothemanagement

 D.machinesinmodemfactoriesmustbeorganizedinafixedway

（3）.Degreeoftheworker'scontributionisgreaterwhen______.（分数：

1.00）

 A.afactorypossessesmoreexperts

 B.afactoryhasmanysmallproductionlines

 C.workersenjoymorefreedom

 D.workersworkatalargeproductio