剑桥雅思6第一套阅读Passage3真题原文+详细解析汇报+译文.docx

剑桥雅思6第一套阅读Passage3真题原文+详细解析汇报+译文.docx

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剑桥雅思6第一套阅读Passage3真题原文+详细解析汇报+译文

剑桥雅思6第一套阅读Passage3真题原文+詳細解析+译文:

READINGPASSAGE3　　Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions27-40,whicharebasedonReadingPassage3onthefollowingpages.Questions27-32　　ReadingPassage3hassevenparagraphs,A-G.　　ChoosethecorrectheadingforparagraphsB-Gfromthelistofheadingsbelow.　　Writethecorrectnumber,i-ix,inboxes27-32onyouranswersheet.

ListofHeadings

iThereactionoftheInuitmunitytoclimatechange

iiUnderstandingofclimatechangeremainslimited

iiiAlternativesourcesofessentialsupplies

ivRespectforInuitopiniongrows

vAhealthierchoiceoffood

viAdifficultlandscape

viiNegativeeffectsonwell-being

viiiAlarmcausedbyunprecedentedeventsintheArctic

ixThebenefitsofaneasierexistence

ExampleAnswer

ParagraphAviii

　　27ParagraphB　　28ParagraphC　　29ParagraphD　　30ParagraphE　　31ParagraphF　　32ParagraphG

　　AUnusualincidentsarebeingreportedacrosstheArctic.Inuitfamiliesgoingoffonsnowmobilestopreparetheirsummerhuntingcampshavefoundthemselvescutofffromhomebyaseaofmud,followingearlythaws.Therearereportsofiglooslosingtheirinsulatingpropertiesasthesnowdripsandrefreezes,oflakesdrainingintotheseaaspermafrostmelts,andseaicebreakingupearlierthanusual,carryingsealsbeyondthereachofhunters.Climatechangemaystillbearatherabstractideatomostofus,butintheArcticitisalreadyhavingdramaticeffects-ifsummertimeicecontinuestoshrinkatitspresentrate,theArcticOceancouldsoonbeevirtuallyice-freeinsummer.Theknock-oneffectsarelikelytoincludemorewarming,cloudierskies,increasedprecipitationandhighersealevels.Scientistsareincreasinglykeentofindoutwhat'sgoingonbecausetheyconsidertheArcticthe'canaryinthemine'forglobalwarming-awarningofwhat'sinstorefortherestoftheworld.　　BFortheInuittheproblemisurgent.Theyliveinprecariousbalancewithoneofthetoughestenvironmentsonearth.Climatechange,whateveritscauses,isadirectthreattotheirwayoflife.NobodyknowstheArcticaswellasthelocals,whichiswhytheyarenotcontentsimplytostandbackandletoutsideexpertstellthemwhat'shappening.InCanada,wheretheInuitpeoplearejealouslyguardingtheirhard-wonautonomyinthecountry'snewestterritory,Nunavut,theybelievetheirbesthopeofsurvivalinthischangingenvironmentliesinbiningtheirancestralknowledgewiththebestofmodernscience.Thisisachallengeinitself.　　CTheCanadianArcticisavast,treelesspolardesertthat'scoveredwithsnowformostoftheyear.Ventureintothisterrainandyougetsomeideaofthehardshipsfacinganyonewhocallsthishome.Farmingisoutofthequestionandnatureoffersmeagrepickings.HumansfirstsettledintheArcticamere4,500yearsago,survivingbyexploitingseamammalsandfish.Theenvironmenttestedthemtothelimits:

sometimesthecolonistsweresuccessful,sometimestheyfailedandvanished.Butaroundathousandyearsago,onegroupemergedthatwasuniquelywelladaptedtocopewiththeArcticenvironment.TheseThulepeoplemovedinfromAlaska,bringingkayaks,sleds,dogs,potteryandirontools.Theyaretheancestorsoftoday'sInuitpeople.　　DLifeforthedescendantsoftheThulepeopleisstillharsh.Nunavutis1.9millionsquarekilometresofrockandice,andahandfulofislandsaroundtheNorthPole.It'scurrentlyhometo2,500people,allbutahandfulofthemindigenousInuit.Overthepast40years,mosthaveabandonedtheirnomadicwaysandsettledintheterritory's28isolatedmunities,buttheystillrelyheavilyonnaturetoprovidefoodandclothing.　　ProvisionsavailableinlocalshopshavetobeflownintoNunavutononeofthemostcostlyairnetworksintheworld,orbroughtbysupplyshipduringthefewice-freeweeksofsummer.Itwouldcostafamilyaroundf7,000ayeartoreplacemeattheyobtainedthemselvesthroughhuntingwithimportedmeat.Economicopportunitiesarescarce,andformanypeoplestatebenefitsaretheironlyine.　　EWhiletheInuitmaynotactuallystarveifhuntingandtrappingarecurtailedbyclimatechange,therehascertainlybeenanimpactonpeople'shealth.Obesity,heartdiseaseanddiabetesarebeginningtoappearinapeopleforwhomthesehaveneverbeforebeenproblems.Therehasbeenacrisisofidentityasthetraditionalskillsofhunting,trappingandpreparingskinshavebeguntodisappear.InNunavut's'iglooandemail'society,whereadultswhowereborniniglooshavechildrenwhomayneverhavebeenoutontheland,there'sahighincidenceofdepression.　　FWithsomuchatstake,theInuitaredeterminedtoplayakeyroleinteasingoutthemysteriesofclimatechangeintheArctic.Havingsurvivedthereforcenturies,theybelievetheirwealthoftraditionalknowledgeisvitaltothetask.AndWesternscientistsarestartingtodrawonthiswisdom,increasinglyreferredtoas‘lnuitQaujimajatuqangit’,orIQ.‘Intheearlydaysscientistsignoreduswhentheycameupheretostudyanything.Theyjustfiguredthesepeopledon'tknowverymuchsowewon'taskthem,’saysJohnAmagoalik,anInuitleaderandpolitician.'ButinrecentyearsIQhashadmuchmorecredibilityandweight.'Infactitisnowarequirementforanyonehopingtogetpermissiontodoresearchthattheyconsultthemunities,whoarehelpingtosettheresearchagendatoreflecttheirmostimportantconcerns.Theycanturndownapplicationsfromscientiststheybelievewillworkagainsttheirinterests,orresearchprojectsthatwillimpingetoomuchontheirdailylivesandtraditionalactivities.　　GSomescientistsdoubtthevalueoftraditionalknowledgebecausetheoccupationoftheArcticdoesn'tgobackfarenough.Others,however,pointoutthatthefirstweatherstationsinthefarnorthdatebackjust50years.Therearestillhugegapsinourenvironmentalknowledge,anddespitethescientificonslaught,manypredictionsarenomorethanbestguesses.IQcouldhelptobridgethegapandresolvethetremendousuncertaintyabouthowmuchofwhatwe'reseeingisnaturalcapriciousnessandhowmuchistheconsequenceofhumanactivity.Questions33-40　　pletethesummaryofparagraphsCandDbelow.　　ChooseNOMORETHANTWOWORDSfromparagraphsCandDforeachanswer.　　Writeyouranswersinboxes33-40onyouranswersheet.　　IfyouvisittheCanadianArctic,youimmediatelyappreciatetheproblemsfacedbypeopleforwhomthisishome.Itwouldclearlybeimpossibleforthepeopletoengagein33....................asameansofsupportingthemselves.Forthousandsofyearstheyhavehadtorelyoncatching34....................and35....................asameansofsustenance.　　Theharshsurroundingssawmanywhotriedtosettletherepushedtotheirlimits,althoughsomeweresuccessful.The36....................peoplewereanexampleofthelatterandforthemtheenvironmentdidnotproveunmanageable.Forthepresentinhabitants,lifecontinuestobeastruggle.TheterritoryofNunavutconsistsoflittlemorethanice,rockandafew37....................Inrecentyears,manyofthemhavebeenobligedtogiveuptheir38....................lifestyle,buttheycontinuetodependmainlyon39....................fortheirfoodandclothes.40....................produceisparticularlyexpensive.

体裁议论文　　主题气候变化与因纽特人　　结构A段：

概述北极罕见事件敲响警钟B段：

因纽特人对于环境变化做出的反响　　C段：

艰辛恶劣的自然条件D段：

生活必需品来源的替代品　　E段：

安逸生活的负面影响F段：

因纽特人对于环境的建议逐渐被考虑和重视　　G段：

人们对于环境的认识十分有限

A段

　　incidentabstractadj.抽象的　　snowmobileshrinkv.收缩　　thawice-freeadj.不冻的　　iglooknock-onadj.连锁的　　insulatingprecipitationn.降水　　permafrostn.永久冰冻<永久冻土,永久冻地>canary

B段

　　urgentadj.急迫的,紧要的,紧急的hard-wonadj.难得的,来之不易的　　precariousa.不确定的；危险的autonomyn.自治.自治权　　threatliein在于　　contentbinev.结合　　standback退后<靠后站,不介入>ancestrala.祖先的,祖传的

C段

　　vastvanishv.消失　　polaradj.两极的,极地的adaptto适应　　venturecopewith对付<应付,克制>　　terrainn.古人相信存在于世界北端的国家,极北之地　　meagreadj.瘦的,不足的　　exploitv.开发,开拓kayakn.<爱斯基摩人用的>皮船　　mammalsled

D段

　　descendantn.子孙,后代relyon依赖,依靠　　harshadj.艰辛的；苛刻的provisionn.供给品,必需品　　indigenousreplacewith取代,以……代替　　abandonscarceadj.缺乏的,不足的　　nomadic

E段

　　curtailv.缩减,减少identityn.身份；特性　　obesityn.肥胖,肥大depressionn.沮丧,情绪低落；忧郁症　　diabetes

F段

　　atstake在危险中<处于成败关头>credibilityn.可信性　　teaseout梳理,挑出consultv.商议；请教　　vitaladj.至关重要的；所必需的agendan.议程　　wisdomn.明智的行为：

智慧impinge

G段

　　occupationtremendousadj.巨大的,惊人的　　onslaughtcapriciousnessn.任性；善变　　predictionn.预言,预报难句解析　　1.WhiletheInuitmaynotactuallystarveifhuntingandtrappingarecurtailedbyclimatechange,therehascertainlybeenanimpactonpeople’shealth.　　参考译文：

即使气候变化阻碍了狩猎和诱捕,因纽特人或许也不会真的挨饿受冻,但气候变化确实影响了人们的健康.　　语言点：

　　<1>starve：

使饿死,饿得要死　　a.tosufferordiebecauseyoudonothaveenoughtoeat①Thousandsofpeoplewillstarveiffooddoesn'treachthecity.如果食物到不了城市,成千上万的人将饿死.②They'lleitherdiefromthecoldorstarvetodeath<=diefromlackoffood>.他们不是冻死就是饿死.　　b.bestarving:

tobeveryhungry　　Youmustbestarving!

你肯定饿了.　　c.starvesomebody/somethingofsomething:

tonotgivesomethingthatisneeded　　Theschoolsarestarvedoffunding.学校需要资金.　　<2>curtail：

缩减　　toreduceorlimitsomething①Thenewlawwillcurtailpolicepowers.新法律将减弱警察的势力.②Budgetcutshavedrasticallycurtailedtrainingprograms.预算削减极大程度地减少了培训项目.　　2.InNunavut's‘iglooandemail'society,whereadultswhowereborniniglooshavechildrenwhomayneverhavebeenoutontheland,there'sahighincidenceofdepression.　　参考译文：

在努纳武特地区"圆顶冰屋加电子〞的社会中,父母出生在冰屋之中,而其子女们或许从来没有到野外狩猎的经历,忧郁症频繁发生.　　注：

此句话含有两个从句,一个是where引导的地点状语从句,另一个是who引导的定语从句.　　语言点：

　　<1>地点状语从句：

　　地点状语从句通常由where,wherever引导.　　如：

WhereIlivethereareplentyoftrees.我住的地方树很多.　　WhereverIamIwillbethinkingofyou.不管我在哪里我都会想到你.　　<2>定语从句：

　　关系代词引导的定语从句　　定语从句在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的