微观经济学Chapter 116英文习题.docx
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微观经济学Chapter116英文习题
Chapter1
1.Economicanalysis:
A）involvessomesimplificationsofreality.
B）isonlyvaguelyrelatedtorealitybecauseifitdidsocoincide,itwouldnotstillbetheory.
C）isimpossible,becauseoftheimpossibilityofacontrolledexperiment.
D）ifitisgoodtheory,involvesnosimplificationofreality.
E）involvessomuchdistortionofrealityastobeworthless.
Ans:
A
2.Whatareeconomicgoods?
A）Goodsthatareveryexpensive.
B）Goodsthatareinscarceorlimitedsupply.
C）Goodsthatacountryproducesandthentradestoanothercounty.
D）Goodsthatarevitaltoanindividual'swelfare.
E）Alloftheabove.
Ans:
B
3."Scarcity"ineconomicsrefersbasicallyto:
A）periodsoffamine.
B）monopolizationofexistingsuppliesofgoods.
C）monopolizationofresourcestoprovidegoods.
D）monopolizationofoutletstosellgoods.
E）noneoftheabove.
Ans:
E
4."Distribution"ineconomicsrefersto:
A）retailing,wholesaling,andtransportation.
B）what.
C）how.
D）forwhom.
E）noneoftheabove.
Ans:
D
5.Thethreequestionsofwhat,how,andforwhom:
A）relatetothethreefactorsofproduction.
B）existbecauseofscarcity.
C）aremoreofaprobleminamarketeconomy.
D）aremoreofaprobleminacommandeconomy.
E）arenolongerrelevant.
Ans:
B
6.Thedescriptionofeconomicsas,"coolheadsintheserviceofwarmhearts",meansthat:
A）allocatingscarceresourcesmayrequirepainfuldecisions.
B）costsandbenefitsneedtobeweighedobjectively.
C）theproperbalancemustbestruckbetweenthedisciplineofthemarketandthegenerosityofthewelfarestate.
D）alloftheabove.
E）noneoftheabove.
Ans:
D
7.Whenmovingalongaproductionpossibilitiesfrontier,theopportunitycosttosocietyofobtainingmoreofoneofthetwogoods:
A）ismeasuredindollarterms.
B）usuallydecreasesasmoreofthegoodisproduced.
C）ismeasuredbytheamountoftheothergoodthatmustbegivenup.
D）ismeasuredbytheadditionalresourcesthatmustbeusedtoproducethegood.
E）isusuallyconstant.
Ans:
C
8.Thesedatareflectthreepossiblecombinationsoffoodandnothingthatcanbeproducedfromagivensetofresources.
Food1050
ClothingOX50
Refertotheabovedata.Ifbothclothingandfoodalwaysuseallinputsinthesameproportion,thenXmustbe:
A）25.
B）morethan25.
C）lessthan25.
D）50.
E）cannotnotbedeterminedfromthedata
Ans:
A
9.Beingontheproduction-possibilityfrontierbetweengunsandbuttermeansthat:
A）itisimpossibletoproduceanymoreguns.
B）itisimpossibletoproduceanymorebutter.
C）moregunscanbeproducedonlybydoingwithoutsomebutter.
D）populationisinequilibrium.
E）ifsocietybecomesmoreproductiveinproducingbutter,thenwecanhavemorebutterbutnotmoreguns.
Ans:
C
10.Ashiftinaproduction-possibilityfrontiercanresultfrom:
A）unemployment.
B）inflation.
C）changesinproductiontechniques.
D）changesinthecombinationofgoodsproduced.
E）changesinconsumers'tastes.
Ans:
C
11
Figure1-1
Whichpointontheproduction-possibilityfrontiersdrawninFigure1indicatesnoconsumptiongoodsbeingproduced?
A）A.
B）B.
C）C.
D）D.
E）E.
Ans:
E
12.Ofthefollowingpoints,whichpointreflectsthemostefficientuseofavailableresourcesinrelationtofrontierAEinFigure1-1?
A）F.
B）G.
C）C.
D）H.
E）Cannottellfromtheinformationprovided.
Ans:
C
13.RelativetofrontierA'E'inFigure1-1,whichofthefollowingpointsisleastefficient?
A）B'.
B）C'.
C）B.
D）C.
E）F.
Ans:
E
14.PointAonwhichpanelinFigure1-2representsaninefficientuseofresources?
A）PanelA.
B）PanelB.
C）PanelC.
D）PanelD.
E）PanelE.
Ans:
D
15.Foratheorytobeuseful,itmustbeconfirmedineachtestcase.
Ans:
False
CHAPTER2
1.Inamarketsystem,thewhatdecisionismademostbasicallyby
A）representativegovernment.
B）nationalplanning.
C）bankers.
D）advertisersandtheirabilitytopersuadebuyers.
E）spendingdecisionsofthosewithmoney.
Ans:
E
2.Inamarketeconomy,thepresumedharmonybetweenindividualandpublicinterestdependsupon:
A）thegoodwillofprivatebusinesspeople.
B）carefulplanningandcoordinationofeconomicactivity.
C）altruismonthepartofconsumers.
D）competitivemarketsandthepursuitofself-interestbyindividuals.
E）thewisdomofgovernmentdecisions.
Ans:
D
3.Pollutioncontrolpolicyisdirectedfirstandforemostatimproving:
A）equity.
B）efficiency.
C）stability.
D）alloftheabove.
E）noneoftheabove
Ans:
B
4.Whoisinchargeofamarketeconomy?
Thatis,whatagentsandfactorsarethemostimportantindeterminingmarketoutcomes?
A）Largecompanies.
B）Congressandthepresident.
C）Consumersalone.
D）Allproducers.
E）Consumersandtechnology.
Ans:
E
5.Theprincipleofthe"invisiblehand"claimsthat:
A）theselfishpursuitsofeveryone'sowninterestwillleadtothebestgoodforallundermarketcompetition.
B）governmentmustgentlyguideeconomicactivitysothatthebestforallwillbeattained.
C）governmentpoliciesworklikeaninvisiblehand,steeringresourcestotheirbestuse.
D）producersmustquietlycooperatesothatpricesarenotsolowastocauselosses.
E）noneoftheabove.
Ans:
A
6.Consumersvotetheirdollarsprimarilyin:
A）labormarkets.
B）landmarkets.
C）capitalmarkets.
D）goodsmarkets.
E）noneoftheabove.
Ans:
D
7.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofspecialization?
A）Specializationisinconsistentwiththeideaofindividualfreedom.
B）Economiesthatpracticeadivisionoflaboraremorallysuperiortothosethatdonot.
C）Inacceptingspecialization,apersonsacrificeshisorherowninterestsforthesakeofsociety'sinterest.
D）Whilespecializationhasenormousadvantages,thecostsoutweighthem.
E）Increasedproductivityismorelikelytobeachievedthroughspecialization.
Ans:
E
8.Whichofthefollowingisnotanexampleofgovernmentregulationdesignedtocurbanegativeexternality?
A）Anti-childlaborlaws.
B）Anti-pollutionlaws.
C）Anationalsalestax.
D）Legislationagainststripmining.
E）TheCleanAirAct.
Ans:
C
9.Pricesinfactormarketsareprimarilydeterminedby
A）governmentregulation.
B）bigbusinesscollusion.
C）theinteractionofbusinesssupplywithouthouseholddemand.
D）theinteractionofhouseholdsupplywithbusinessdemand.
E）noneoftheabove.
Ans:
D
10.Aneconomydominatedbyimperfectcompetitionischaracterizedby
A）toomuchoutput,andlowpricescomparedtoperfectcompetition.
B）sameamountofoutput,andlowpricescomparedtoperfectcompetition.
C）toolittleoutput,andlowpricescomparedtoperfectcompetition.
D）toolittleoutput,andhighpricescomparedtoperfectcompetition.
E）toomuchoutput,andhighpricescomparedtoperfectcompetition.
Ans:
D
11.Whichofthefollowingisthekeyrequirementforimperfectcompetition?
A）Advertising.
B）Manybuyers.
C）Manysellers.
D）Abilityofabuyerorsellertoaffectagood'sprice.
E）Governmentpolicies.
Ans:
D
12.Ofthethreebasicproblemsinourmoderneconomy,pricesinamarketsystemsolve:
A）whatandforwhom,butphysicalscientistssolvehow.
B）whatandhow,butforwhomisdeterminedbysocialscientists.
C）howandforwhom,butCongresssolvesthewhat.
D）eachoftheabove,andnotwoarecontradictory.
E）noneoftheaboveisaccurate.
Ans:
E
13.Whichofthefollowingwouldbestdetermine,inamarketeconomy,theanswertotheforwhomquestion?
A）Fairness.
B）Internationaltradepatterns.
C）Pricingoffactorsofproductionthatpeopleown.
D）Costminimization.
E）Consumers'tastesandneeds.
Ans:
C
14.Howgoodsareproducedisdeterminedby:
A）consumerdemand.
B）governmentinterventiontoforcebusinessestoproducegoodscheaply.
C）bigbusinessactivity.
D）businesscompetitiontobuyfactorinputsandsellgoodsmostcheaply.
E）noneoftheabove.
Ans:
D
15.A"mixedeconomymayinvolvebothperfectandimperfectcompetition.
Ans:
True
CHAPTER3
1.IfEweretheoldequilibriuminthemarketforwheatinthefigurebelow,andE'thenewone,whichofthefollowingcouldhavecausedthechange?
A）Consumerincomerose,causingasupplyshift.
B）Badweathercausedasupplyshift.
C）Consumerincomerose,causingademandshift.
D）Supplyanddemandbothshifted.
E）Noneoftheaboveareplausibledescriptions.
Ans:
C
2.Thedemandcurveforanormalgoodwillshifttotheleftif:
A）incomeincreases.
B）populationincreases
C）thepriceofasubstitutegooddecreases.
D）alltheabove.
E）noneoftheabove.
Ans:
C
3.Apriceatwhichtheamountpeoplewishtobuyexceedstheamountthatpeoplewishtoproduce（givenupward-slopingsupplycurves）:
A）liesabovetheequilibrium,marketclearingprice.
B）liesbelowthemarketclearingprice.
C）willinduceashiftinthedemandscheduletoachieveequilibrium.
D）isimpossible.
E）isnoneoftheabove.
Ans:
B
4.AnincreaseinthesupplyofcommodityXforanygivenpriceofXcouldbeexpectedtobecausedby
A）anincreaseinthepricesofothercommodities.
B）anincreaseinthepricesoffactorsofproductionimportanttothiscommodity.
C）areductioninthepricesoffactorsofprod
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